Ville de Montréal Parking Policy: A Mobility Management Tool 25 octobre 2016 Gilles Dufort Chef de division, Planification des transports et de la mobilité Direction de l urbanisme 1
Contents Background Scope of the Parking Policy Overview and Assessment Vision, Guiding Principles, Strategies Measures Priority Actions 2
Background The project, included in the 2008 Transportation Plan, had 3 objectives: Adjust the parking supply according to public transportation Adapt the parking supply to meet business needs Facilitate resident parking in densely populated districts Last comprehensive survey of parking was done in 1994 The development process was based on: An overview and assessment of on- and off-street parking (2014 2015) Collaboration from these partners: City services department Boroughs Stationnement de Montréal The Mobility Research Chair Conseil régional de l environnement de Montréal (CRE-MTL) 3
Background First strategic document through which the City provides a parking framework that incorporates the following concepts: Sustainable mobility Reduction of GHG emissions Land use planning Economic development Technological innovation 1946 1957 2016 4
Scope of the Parking Policy Management tool whose goal is to provide a balanced supply of parking at the city scale, with the priority areas being downtown and central neighbourhoods, to improve citizens' quality of life and ensure economic vitality Connected to municipal directions on sustainable mobility, land use planning, economic development and GHG reduction Opportunity to leverage emerging technologies and solidify Montréal's position among "smart" cities 5
Overview and Assessment Overall Territory On-street free parking Minimum of 320,000 units among surveyed boroughs: Resident parking difficult in mixed-use neighbourhoods On-street paid parking About 60% of on-street parking (metered) units are used in the daytime during the week and on weekends Current on-street parking fees encourage average-length use rather than short-term use (under 2 hours) No limit on duration of use for paid on-street parking, which affects vehicle rotation and availability Fixed amount regardless of season, demand or time (day, night, weekend) 6
Overview and Assessment Overall Territory Off-street free parking Minimum 470,000 parking units surveyed across the island of Montréal Supply surveyed is dedicated as follows: 31% to commercial districts (including parking lots of large retail chains) 27% to public parking lots (including park-and-ride lots) Over 40% to a mix of industrial, institutional, office and resident parking spots Off-road paid parking Mainly in the downtown area Rates vary greatly by operator, even within the same district Rates for parking lots managed by Stationnement de Montréal are lower than those of private managers Off-street parking rates favour longer-term parking (maximum rate is reached very quickly usually in under 2 hours) 7
Overview and Assessment Downtown 48,926 spots: 76% off-street paid units 14% on-street paid spots 10% on-street free spots (diplomatic corps, unloading zones, areas of resident-reserved on-road parking, horse-drawn carriage spots, etc.) 75% of the overall supply comes from the private sector Off-street paid parking 37,404 units, spread out over 229 locations Stationnement de Montréal controls only 0.8% of the off-street parking Average occupancy rate is 74% On-street paid parking 6,848 units Occupancy rate varies between 85% and 99% during the lunch hour No real-time data available to users 8
Overview and Assessment Downtown Downtown parking supply 9
Overview and Assessment Downtown Occupancy rate for on-street paid parking weekdays (9 a.m. to 9 p.m.) Downtown Secteur d échantillonnage 1 : Nord du quartier des affaires Nombre Taux d occupation par période (jour de semaine) de places De 9 h à 12 h De 12 h à 15 h De 15 h à 18 h De 18 h à 21 h Taux d occupation moyen De 9 h à 21 h 282 76 % 77 % 58 % 55 % 66 % 2 : Quartier des affaires et Quartier international 2 177 78 % 85 % 76 % 71 % 78 % 3 : Sud du quartier des affaires 4 : Quartier des spectacles et Quartier latin 1 198 46 % 57 % 41 % 47 % 48 % 1 926 49 % 60 % 45 % 61 % 54 % 5 : Sud-est 441 57 % 61 % 39 % 37 % 49 % 6 : Vieux-Montréal 824 77 % 82 % 60 % 66 % 71 % Total et moyennes pondérées 6 848 62 % 71 % 56 % 61 % 63 % Source: SCSM (November 2014) The occupancy rate is calculated with the number of paid minutes relative to the number of available minutes. A correction factor is applied based on information obtained from smart sensors installed in the downtown area that provide real-time information. The occupancy rate does not take into account public property occupancy permits, and therefore, the occupancy rate may be higher than what is given in this table. 10
Overview and Assessment Downtown Occupancy rate of on-street paid parking and off-street paid parking in downtown area (Weekdays) 11
Overview and Assessment Downtown Occupancy of on-street paid parking in the downtown area from noon to 3 p.m. 12
Overview and Assessment Commercial Arteries Occupancy rate of paid parking weekdays (9 a.m. 9 p.m.) Commercial Arteries Axes commerciaux Avenue du Mont-Royal Rue Saint-Denis Chemin de la Côte-des- Neiges Taux d occupation des axes commerciaux Taux d occupation des axes tranversaux 50 % 53 % 81 % 79 % Rue Ontario 47 % 40 % Rue Masson 76 % 56 % Rue Fleury 57 % 34 % Boulevard Décarie 55 % 45 % Avenue Laurier Ouest 76 % 53 % Occupancy rate for paid parking weekends (Saturdays 9 a.m. 6 p.m. / Sundays noon 6 p.m.) Commercial Arteries Axes commerciaux Avenue du Mont-Royal Rue Saint-Denis Chemin de la Côte-des- Neiges Source: SCSM (November 2014) Taux d occupation des axes commerciaux Taux d occupation des axes tranversaux 60 % 53 % 62 % 50 % Rue Ontario 45 % 37 % Rue Masson 86 % 74 % Rue Fleury 57 % 31 % Boulevard Décarie 33 % 18 % Avenue Laurier Ouest 76 % 55 % 13
Overview and Assessment Signage and Deliveries Signage 1.29 signs per signpost, and sometimes up to six (6) signs per post Most of the inventory is made up of six (6) types de signs A great deal of information Deliveries Authorized parking hours vary greatly Tolerance for double parking 14
Overview and Assessment Regulatory Measures Parking requirements for residential projects vary significantly by borough Greening of parking areas to reduce heat islands is still marginal Maintenance periods vary greatly by borough Season-based regulations do not all have the same start date 15
Vision Provide a balanced supply of parking to improve citizens' quality of life and ensure economic vitality, while also reducing dependency on automobiles and their impact on the environment" 16
Guiding Principles 1. Simplify and harmonize municipal practices to make parking management more consistent 2. Adjust the parking supply according to the public and active transportation offering and to local characteristics, in particular population density and the overall number of jobs 3. Optimize parking downtown and on commercial arteries to foster economic vitality 4. Satisfy residents' needs in densely populated districts to offer them a real choice in terms of public and active transportation 17
Strategies 1. Migrate to smart parking 2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals 4. Implement a new pricing approach 5. Review the regulatory framework 6. Review governance and management 6 strategies 37 measures 3 priority actions for 2016 2017 18
1. Migrate to smart parking Priority measures Deploy dynamic signage Develop applications showing availability of on-street and off-street parking, as well as parking prohibitions Install smart sensors to collect and provide information in real time Make open data available Extend smart phone apps related to snow removal operations 19
1. Migrate to smart parking meters Other measures Strengthen controls over parking space use times, through the use of "arrêt-minute" Implement a license plate recognition (LPR) system 20
2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals Priority measures Set up parking units with charging stations for electric vehicles Develop sustainable mobility hubs (bikes, BIXI, taxis, selfserve vehicles, carsharing) Develop parking units reserved for alternative transportation methods (carsharing, self-serve vehicles, carpooling) Adapt space allocated to parking according to the seasons (parklets, biking, terraces, etc.) Build bike shelters near subway stations Pool parking resources Determine pick-up and delivery zones 21
2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals Other measures Buy or build off-street (elevated or underground) parking structures Evaluate the feasibility of an Urban Distribution Centre (UDC) to facilitate delivery to the final customer (last kilometer) Install smart sensors to give real-time information to delivery professionals Add spots for motorcycles near major traffic-generating centres 22
2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals Adapt space allocated to parking according to the seasons 23
2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals Urban Distribution Centre 24
4. Implement a new pricing strategy Priority measures Implement combination pricing that includes recharging of electric vehicles Put in place a reward/penalty system (resident-reserved on-road parking permits) Sign partnerships with private off-street parking lot managers: to offer short-term units to balance the municipal supply of parking and offer monthly parking units 25
4. Implement a new pricing strategy Other measures Review pricing schemes: Demand-based pricing Progressive pricing Reduced pricing on commercial arteries for holders of resident-reserved on-street parking permits Review free parking periods to foster economic activity Extend the surtax application area on non-residential surface parking areas Develop more flexible taxation mechanisms for private managers that encourage sustainable modes of transportation 26
5. Review the regulatory framework Priority measures Harmonize and simplify on-street parking signage Make it mandatory to provide parking spaces for automobile alternatives (bikes, carsharing, self-serve vehicles) and electric vehicles in major real-estate projects Develop an architectural integration guide for elevated parking structures Adopt a regulation to regreen off-street surface parking lots with 25 spots or more, in order to reduce heat islands 27
5. Review the regulatory framework Other measures Review urban planning regulations (requirements during building construction or conversion) to promote sustainable mobility Review standards on parking for mobility-reduced persons, in consultation with stakeholders Adopt a strategy for park-and-ride lots and define siting criteria 28
6. Review governance and management Priority measures Create a municipal parking management agency Harmonize the management and pricing of parking permits Establish monitoring for parking supply and demand and for the measures implemented 29
Priority Actions to Implement Starting in 2016 2017 1. Simplify and harmonize municipal parking management and pricing practices 2. Create a municipal parking management agency 3. Simplify on-street parking signage 30
Implementation Work Committees Innovative technologies Sustainable mobility and road-sharing Pricing Regulatory framework and signage Governance and skill-sharing 31
Merci ville.montreal.qc.ca/urbanisme 32
Overview and Assessment Downtown Occupancy rate for on-road paid (metered) parking weekends (9 a.m. to 6 p.m.) Downtown Secteur d échantillonnage 1 : Nord du quartier des affaires 2 : Quartier des affaires et Quartier international 3 : Sud du quartier des affaires 4 : Quartier des spectacles et Quartier latin Nombre de places Taux d occupation par période le samedi De 9 h à 12 h De 12 h à 15 h De 15 h à 18 h Taux d occupation moyen le samedi Taux d occupation moyen le dimanche De 13 h à 18 h 282 45 % 65 % 59 % 56 % 63 % 2 177 54 % 79 % 79 % 70 % 78 % 1 198 24 % 43 % 47 % 38 % 41 % 1 926 30 % 50 % 52 % 44 % 52 % 5 : Sud-Est 441 30 % 52 % 44 % 42 % 45 % 6 : Vieux-Montréal 824 30 % 58 % 64 % 51 % 55 % Total et moyennes pondérées Source: SCSM (November 2014) 6 848 37 % 59 % 61 % 52 % 59 % The occupancy rate is calculated with the number of paid minutes relative to the number of available minutes. A correction factor is applied based on information obtained from smart sensors installed in the downtown area that provide real-time information. The occupancy rate does not take into account public property occupancy permits, and therefore, the occupancy rate may be higher than what is given in this table. 33
Overview and Assessment Downtown Occupancy of paid on-road parking during the week De Maisonneuve Peel Sainte-Catherine Robert-Bourassa district Secteur spécifique du centre-ville Taux d occupation (jours de semaine) De 9 h à 12 h De 12 h à 15 h De 15 h à 18 h De 18 h à 21 h Taux d occupation moyen 9 h à 21 h De Maisonneuve Peel-- Sainte-Catherine--Robert- Bourassa 92 % 99 % 93 % 91 % 94 % 34
2. Create an environment fostering the deployment of more sustainable mobility 3. Align parking management with land-use development goals Pool parking resources 500 m. 35
4. Implement a new pricing approach Combination pricing that includes recharging of electric vehicles 36