FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS

FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS Rectangle and Parallelogram Area = ab Area = ½ cd. Triangle Area = s (s a) (s b) (s c) when s = ½ (a + b + c) Example: a = 3, b = 4, c = 5 3" + 4" + 5" s = = 6" Area = 6 (6 3) (6 4) (6-5) = 6 sq in. Regular Polygons n = Number of sides, s = Length of one side, r = Inside radius Area = ½ nsr Number of Sides Area 5 1.7047 s² = 3.6373 r² 6.59809 s² = 3.46408 r² 7 3.63395 s² = 3.37099 r² 8 4.8847 s² = 3.31368 r² 9 6.18181 s² = 3.7574 r² 10 7.69416 s² = 3.49 r² 11 9.36570 s² = 3.987 r² 1 11.19616 s² = 3.1539 r² Trapezium Area = ½ [a (e + d) + bd + ce] Example: a = 10, b = 3, c = 5, d = 6, e = 8 Area = ½ [10 (8 + 6) + (3 6) + (5 8)] = 99 sq. in. 7-1

FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS Segment of a Circle Area = R è C (R h) 360 10 8.66 (5.5) Area = 3.1416 5 = 15.355 sq. in. 360 Example: R = 5, = 10, C = 8.66, h =.5 Length of arc L = 0.0174533 R Area = ½ [LR C (R h)] Example: R = 5, C = 8.66, h =.5, θ = 10 L = 0.0174533 5 10 = 10.47 Area = ½ [(10.47 5) 8.66 (5.5)] = 15.355 sq. in. Spandrel Area = 0.146 R² = 0.1073 C² Example: R = 3 Area = 0.146 3² = 1.9314 Parabolic Segment Area = ⅔ sh Example: s = 3, h = 4 Area = ⅔ 3 4 = 8 Ellipse Area = πab = 3.1416 ab Example: a = 3, b = 4 Area = 3.1416 3 4 = 37.699 Ring of Circular Cross Section Area of Surface = 4π² Rr = 39.4784 Rr Area of Surface = π² Dd = 9.8696 Dd Volume = π² Rr² = 19.739 Rr² Volume = ¼ π²dd² =.4674 Dd² 7-

FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS Pyramid A = area of base P = perimeter of base Lateral Area = ½ Ps Volume = ⅓ Ah Frustum of a Pyramid A = area of base a = area of top m = area of midsection P = perimeter of base p = perimeter of top Lateral Area = ½ s (P + p) Volume = 1 3 h (a + A + Volume = h (A + a + 4 m) aa ) Cone Volume = ⅓ πr²h = 1.047 r²h = 0.618 d²h Conical Area = rs = r r + h Frustum of a Cone A = area of base a = area of top m = area of midsection R = D ; r = d Area of Conical Surface = ½ πs (D + d) = 1.5708 s (D + d) Volume = ⅓ h (R² + Rr + r²) = 1.047 h (R² + Rr + r²) 1 Volume = 1 h(d² + Dd + d²) = 0.618 h (D² + Dd + d²) Volume = 1 h (a A aa ) 1 3 + + = 6 h (a + A + 4 m) 7-3

FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS Sphere Surface = 4 πr = 1.5664 r = πd Volume = πr3 = 4.1888 r3 Volume = πd3 = 0.536 d3 Segment of a Sphere Spherical Surface = πrh = ¼ π (c + 4 h) = 0.7854 (c + 4 h) Total Surface = ¼ π (c + 8 rh) = 0.7854 (c + 8 rh) Volume = ⅓ π h (3 r - h) = 1.047 h (3 r - h) or Volume = πh (3 c + 4 h) = 0.1309 h (3 c + 4 h) Sector of a Sphere Total Surface = ½ πr (4 h + c) = 1.5708 r (4 h + c) Volume = ⅔ πrh =.0944 rh Cylinder Cylindrical Surface = πdh = πrh = 6.83 rh Total Surface = πr (r + h) = 6.83 r (r + h) Volume = πrh = ¼ πdh = 0.7854 dh 7-4

FORMULAS USEFUL IN CALCULATING WEIGHT OF CASTINGS Circle θ (the Greek letter Theta) = angle included between radii π (pi) = 3.1416, D = Diameter, R = Radius, C = Chord, h = Height of Arc, L = Length of Arc. Circumfere nce = D = = Area Diameter = R = Circumference = 1 = Radius = D = Circumference C + h Radius = h Area = ¼ πd = 0.7854 D = π R Chord = h (D - h) = R sine? Circle Ring Area = 0.7854 (D-d), or 0.7854 (D-d) (D + d) Example: D = 10, d = 3 Area = 0.7854 (10-3) = 71.4714 sq. in. Sector of a Circle Area = ½ LR Example: L = 10.47, R = 5 θ Area Area C Height of Arc, h = R R è Length of Arc, L = πr = 0.0174533 360 1 L è ( in degrees) = 8.6479 R C Sine 1 è = R 10.47 Area = 5 = 6.180 sq. in. or Area = R è = 0.008766 R è 360 Example: R = 5, θ = 10 Rè 10 Area = 3.1416 5 = 6.180 360 sq. in. 7-5

ENGLISH/METRIC (SI) STRESS CONVERSION FACTORS Look up stress to be converted in the boldface column. If in ksi (103 psi), read MPa in righthand column. If in MPa, read ksi in lefthand column. Conversion factors: 1 MPa = 1 MN/m (meganewton per square metre) or 1 N/mm (newton per square millimetre); 1 MPa = 0.1450377 ksi, and 1 ksi = 6.894759 MPa. To convert ksi or MPa values above 400, use the supplemental table. Example: Convert 130 MPa to ksi. Solution: 1000 MPa = 145.04 ksi (from the small table), and 30 MPa = 46.41 ksi (from the large table). Then, 145.04 = 46.41 = 191.45 ksi. 0 to 100 ksi MPa ksi MPa 0 7.5 50 344.7 0.15 1 6.89 7.40 51 351.6 0.9 13.79 7.54 5 358.5 0.44 3 0.68 7.69 53 365.4 0.58 4 7.57 7.83 54 37.3 0.73 5 34.47 7.98 55 379. 0.87 6 41.37 8.1 56 386.1 1.0 7 48.6 8.7 57 393.0 1.16 8 55.16 8.41 58 399.9 1.31 9 6.05 8.56 59 406.8 1.45 10 68.95 8.70 60 413.7 1.60 11 75.84 8.85 61 40.6 1.74 1 8.74 8.99 6 47.5 1.89 13 89.63 9.14 63 434.4.03 14 96.53 9.8 64 441.3.18 15 103.4 9.43 65 448..3 16 110.3 9.57 66 455.1.47 17 117. 9.7 67 46.0.61 18 14.1 9.86 68 468.8.76 19 131.0 10.01 69 475.7.90 0 137.9 10.15 70 48.6 3.05 1 144.8 10.30 71 489.5 3.19 151.7 10.44 7 496.4 3.34 3 158.6 10.59 73 503.3 3.48 4 165.5 10.73 74 510. 3.63 5 17.4 10.88 75 517.1 3.77 6 179.3 11.0 76 54.0 3.9 7 186. 11.17 77 530.9 4.06 8 193.1 11.31 78 537.8 4.1 9 199.9 11.46 79 544.7 4.35 30 06.8 11.60 80 551.6 4.50 31 13.7 11.75 81 558.5 4.64 3 0.6 11.89 8 565.4 4.79 33 7.5 1.04 83 57.3 4.93 34 34.4 1.18 84 579. 5.08 35 41.3 1.33 85 586.1 5. 36 48. 1.47 86 593.0 5.37 37 55.1 1.6 87 599.8 5.51 38 6.0 1.76 88 606.7 5.66 39 68.9 1.91 89 613.6 5.80 40 75.8 13.05 90 60.5 5.95 41 8.7 13.0 91 67.4 6.09 4 89.6 13.34 9 634.3 6.4 43 96.5 13.49 93 641. 6.38 44 303.4 13.63 94 648.1 6.53 45 310.3 13.78 95 655.0 6.67 46 317. 13.9 96 661.9 6.8 47 34.1 14.07 97 668.8 6.96 48 331.0 14.1 98 675.7 7.11 49 337.8 14.36 99 68.6 7.5 50 344.71 14.50 100 689.5 7-6

ENGLISH/METRIC (SI) STRESS CONVERSION FACTORS 100 to 00 ksi MPa ksi MPa 14.50 100 689.5 1.76 150 1 034 14.65 101 696.4 1.90 151 1 041 14.79 10 703.3.05 15 1 048 14.94 103 710..19 153 1 054 15.08 104 717.1.34 154 1 06 15.3 105 74.0.48 155 1 069 15.37 106 730.8.63 156 1 076 15.5 107 737.7.77 157 1 08 15.66 108 744.6.9 158 1 089 15.81 109 751.5 3.06 159 1 096 15.95 110 758.4 3.1 160 1 103 16.10 111 765.3 3.35 161 1 110 16.4 11 77. 3.50 16 1 117 16.39 113 779.1 3.64 163 1 14 16.53 114 786.0 3.79 164 1 131 16.68 115 79.9 3.93 165 1 138 16.8 116 799.8 4.08 166 1 145 16.97 117 806.7 4. 167 1 151 17.11 118 813.6 4.37 168 1 158 17.6 119 80.5 4.51 169 1 165 17.40 10 87.4 4.66 170 1 17 17.55 11 834.3 4.80 171 1 179 17.69 1 841. 4.95 17 1 186 17.84 13 848.1 5.09 173 1 193 17.98 14 855.0 5.4 174 1 00 18.13 15 861.8 5.38 175 1 07 18.7 16 868.7 5.53 176 1 13 18.4 17 875.6 5.67 177 1 0 18.56 18 88.5 5.8 178 1 7 18.71 19 889.4 5.96 179 1 34 18.85 130 896.3 6.11 180 1 41 19.00 131 903. 6.5 181 1 48 19.14 13 910.1 6.40 18 1 55 19.9 133 917.0 6.54 183 1 6 19.44 134 93.9 6.69 184 1 69 19.58 135 930.8 6.83 185 1 76 19.73 136 937.7 6.98 186 1 8 19.87 137 944.6 7.1 187 1 89 0.0 138 951.5 7.7 188 1 96 0.16 139 958.4 7.41 189 1 303 0.31 140 965.3 7.56 190 1 310 0.45 141 97. 7.70 191 1 317 0.60 14 979.1 7.85 19 1 34 0.74 143 986.0 7.99 193 1 331 0.89 144 99.9 8.14 194 1 338 1.03 145 999.7 8.8 195 1 344 1.18 146 1 007 8.43 196 1 351 1.3 147 1 014 8.57 197 1 358 1.47 148 1 00 8.7 198 1 365 1.61 149 1 07 8.86 199 1 37 1.76 150 1 034 9.01 00 1 379 00 to 300 ksi MPa ksi MPa 9.01 00 1 379 36.6 50 1 74 9.15 01 1 386 36.40 51 1 731 9.30 0 1 393 36.55 5 1 737 9.44 03 1 400 36.69 53 1 744 9.59 04 1 407 36.84 54 1 751 9.73 05 1 413 36.98 55 1 758 9.88 06 1 40 37.13 56 1 765 30.0 07 1 47 37.7 57 1 77 30.17 08 1 434 37.4 58 1 779 30.31 09 1 441 37.56 59 1 786 30.46 10 1 448 37.71 60 1 793 30.60 11 1 455 37.85 61 1 800 30.75 1 1 46 38.00 6 1 806 30.89 13 1 469 38.14 63 1 813 31.04 14 1 475 38.9 64 1 80 31.18 15 1 48 38.43 65 1 87 31.33 16 1 489 38.58 66 1 834 31.47 17 1 496 38.73 67 1 841 31.6 18 1 503 38.87 68 1 848 31.76 19 1 510 39.0 69 1 855 31.91 0 1 517 39.16 70 1 86 3.05 1 1 54 39.31 71 1 868 3.0 1 531 39.45 7 1 875 3.34 3 1 538 39.60 73 1 88 3.49 4 1 544 39.74 74 1 889 3.63 5 1 551 39.89 75 1 896 3.78 6 1 558 40.03 76 1 903 3.9 7 1 565 40.18 77 1 910 33.07 8 1 57 40.3 78 1 917 33.1 9 1 579 40.47 79 1 94 33.36 30 1 586 40.61 80 1 931 33.50 31 1 593 40.76 81 1 937 33.65 3 1 600 40.90 8 1 944 33.79 33 1 606 41.05 83 1 951 33.94 34 1 613 41.19 84 1 958 34.08 35 1 60 41.34 85 1 965 34.3 36 1 67 41.48 86 1 97 34.37 37 1 634 41.63 87 1 979 34.5 38 1 641 41.77 88 1 986 34.66 39 1 648 41.9 89 1 993 34.81 40 1 655 4.06 90 1 999 34.95 41 1 66 4.1 91 006 35.10 4 1 669 4.35 9 013 35.4 43 1 675 4.50 93 00 35.39 44 1 68 4.64 94 07 35.53 45 1 689 4.79 95 034 35.68 46 1 696 4.93 96 041 35.8 47 1 703 43.07 97 048 35.97 48 1 710 43. 98 055 36.11 49 1 717 43.37 99 06 36.6 50 1 74 43.51 300 068 7-7

ENGLISH/METRIC (SI) STRESS CONVERSION FACTORS 300 to 400 ksi MPa ksi MPa 43.51 300 068 50.76 350 413 43.66 301 075 50.91 351 40 43.80 30 08 51.05 35 47 43.95 303 089 51.0 353 434 44.09 304 096 51.34 354 441 44.4 305 103 51.49 355 448 44.38 306 110 51.63 356 455 44.53 307 117 51.78 357 461 44.67 308 14 51.9 358 468 44.8 309 130 5.07 359 475 44.96 310 137 5.1 360 48 45.11 311 144 5.36 361 489 45.5 31 151 5.50 36 496 45.40 313 158 5.65 363 503 45.54 314 165 5.79 364 510 45.69 315 17 5.94 365 517 45.83 316 179 53.08 366 53 45.98 317 186 53.3 367 530 46.1 318 193 53.37 368 537 46.7 319 199 53.5 369 544 46.41 30 06 53.66 370 551 46.56 31 13 53.81 371 558 46.70 3 0 53.95 37 565 46.85 33 7 54.10 373 57 46.99 34 34 54.4 374 579 47.14 35 41 54.39 375 585 47.8 36 48 54.53 376 59 47.43 37 55 54.68 377 599 47.57 38 61 54.8 378 606 47.7 39 68 54.97 379 613 47.86 330 75 55.11 380 60 48.01 331 8 55.6 381 67 48.15 33 89 55.40 38 634 48.30 333 96 55.55 383,641 48.44 334 303 55.69 384 648 48.59 335 310 55.84 385 654 48.73 336 317 55.98 386 661 48.88 337 34 56.13 387 668 49.0 338 330 56.7 388 675 49.17 339 337 56.4 389 68 49.31 340 344 56.56 390 689 49.46 341 351 56.71 391 696 49.60 34 358 56.85 39 703 49.75 343 365 57.00 393 710 49.89 344 37 57.14 394 717 50.04 345 379 57.9 395 73 50.18 346 386 57.43 396 730 50.33 347 39 57.58 397 737 50.47 348 399 57.7 398 744 50.6 349 406 57.87 399 751 50.76 350 413 58.0 400 758 500 to 5000 ksi MPa 7.5 500 3447 87.0 600 4137 101.53 700 486 116.03 800 5516 130.53 900 605 145.04 1000 6895 90.08 000 13 790 435.11 3000 0 684 580.15 4000 7 579 75.19 5000 34 474 Source: Anton des. Brasunas. University of Missouri-Rolla MID-JUNE 1979 METAL PROGRESS 7-8

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION read known temperatures in bold face and corresponding temperatures in degrees fahrenheit will be found in the column to the left temperatures in celsius (centigrade) to the right F C F C F C... 418 50.00... 88 177.78 5.4 158 105.56... 416 48.89... 86 176.67 48.8 156 104.44... 414 47.78... 84 175.56 45. 154 103.33... 41 46.67... 8 174.44 41.6 15 10.... 410 45.56... 80 173.33 38.0 150 101.11... 408 44.44... 78 17. 34.4 148 100.00... 406 43.33... 76 171.11 30.8 146 98.89... 404 4.... 74 170.00 7. 144 97.78... 40 41.11 457.6 7 168.89 3.6 14 96.67... 400 40.00 454.0 70 167.78 0.0 140 95.56... 398 38.89 450.4 68 166.67 16.4 138 94.44... 396 37.78 446.8 66 165.56 1.8 136 93.33... 394 36.67 443. 64 164.44 09. 134 9.... 39 35.56 439.6 6 163.33 05.6 13 91.11... 390 34.44 436.0 60 16. 0.0 130 90.00... 388 33.33 43.4 58 161.11 198.4 18 88.89... 386 3. 48.8 56 160.00 194.8 16 87.78... 384 31.11 45. 54 158.89 191. 14 86.67... 38 30.00 41.6 5 157.78 187.6 1 85.56... 380 8.89 418.0 50 156.67 184.0 10 84.44... 378 7.78 414.4 48 155.56 180.4 118 83.33... 376 6.67 410.8 46 154.44 176.8 116 8.... 374 5.56 407. 44 153.33 173. 114 81.11... 37 4.44 403.6 4 15. 169.6 11 80.00... 370 3.33 400.0 40 151.11 166.0 110 78.89... 368. 396.4 38 150.00 16.4 108 77.78... 366 1.11 39.8 36 148.89 158.8 106 76.67... 364 0.00 389. 34 147.78 155. 104 75.56... 36 18.89 385.6 3 146.67 151.6 10 74.44... 360 17.78 38.0 30 145.56 148.0 100 73.33... 358 16.67 378.4 8 144.44 144.4 98 7.... 356 15.56 374.8 6 143.33 140.8 96 71.11... 354 14.44 371. 4 14. 137. 94 70.00... 35 13.33 367.6 141.11 133.6 9 68.89... 350 1. 364.0 0 140.00 130.0 90 67.78... 348 11.11 360.4 18 138.89 16.4 88 66.67... 346 10.00 356.8 16 137.78 1.8 86 65.56... 344 08.89 353. 14 136.67 119. 84 64.44... 34 07.78 349.6 1 135.56 115.6 8 63.33... 340 06.67 346.0 10 134.44 11.0 80 6.... 338 05.56 34.4 08 133.33 108.4 78 61.11... 336 04.44 338.8 06 13. 104.8 76 60.00...... 334 33 03.33 0. 335. 331.6 04 0 131.11 130.00 101. 97.6 74 7 58.89 57.78... 330 01.11 38.0 00 18.89 94.0 70 56.67... 38 00.00 34.4 198 17.78 90.4 68 55.56... 36 198.89 30.8 196 16.67 86.8 66 54.44... 34 197.78 317. 194 15.56 83. 64 53.33... 3 196.67 313.6 19 14.44 79.6 6 5.... 30 195.56 310.0 190 13.33 76.0 60 51.11... 318 194.44 306.4 188 1. 7.4 58 50.00... 316 193.33 30.8 186 11.11 68.8 56 48.89... 314 19. 99. 184 10.00 65. 54 47.78... 31 191.11 95.6 18 118.89 61.6 5 46.67... 310 190.00 9.0 180 117.78 58.0 50 45.56... 308 188.89 88.4 178 116.67 54.4 48 44.44... 306 187.78 84.8 176 115.56 50.8 46 43.33... 304 186.67 81. 174 114.44 47. 44 4....... 30 300 185.56 184.44 77.6 74.0 17 170 113.33 11. 43.6 40.0 4 40 41.11 40.00... 98 183.33 70.4 168 111.11 36.4 38 38.89... 96 18. 66.8 166 110.00 3.8 36 37.78... 94 181.11 63. 164 108.89 9. 34 36.67... 9 180.00 59.6 16 107.78 5.6 3 35.56... 90 178.89 56.0 160 106.67.0 30 34.44 7-9

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION read known temperatures in bold face and corresponding temperatures in degrees fahrenheit will be found in the column to the left temperatures in celsius (centigrade) to the right F C F C F C 18.4 8 33.33 15.6 10 38.89 449.6 3 111.11 14.8 6 3. 19. 104 40.00 453. 34 11. 11. 4 31.11.8 106 41.11 456.8 36 113.33 7.6 30.00 6.4 108 4. 460.4 38 114.44 4.0 0 8.89 30.0 110 43.33 464.0 40 115.56 0.4 18 7.78 33.6 11 44.44 467.6 4 116.67 3. 16 6.67 37. 114 45.56 471. 44 117.78 6.8 14 5.56 40.8 116 46.67 474.8 46 118.89 10.4 1 4.44 44.4 118 47.78 478.4 48 10.00 14.0 10 3.33 48.0 10 48.89 48.0 50 11.11 17.6 8. 51.6 1 50.00 485.6 5 1. 1. 6 1.11 55. 14 51.11 489. 54 13.33 4.8 4 0.00 58.8 16 5. 49.8 56 14.44 8.4 18.89 6.4 18 53.33 496.4 58 15.56 3.0 ±0 17.78 66.0 130 54.44 500.0 60 16.67 35.6 16.67 69.6 13 55.56 503.6 6 17.78 39. 4 15.56 73. 134 56.67 507. 64 18.89 4.8 6 14.44 76.8 136 57.78 510.8 66 130.00 46.4 8 13.33 80.4 138 58.89 514.4 68 131.11 50.0 10 1. 84.0 140 60.00 518.0 70 13. 53.6 1 11.11 87.6 14 61.11 51.6 7 133.33 57. 14 10.00 91. 144 6. 55. 74 134.44 60.8 16 8.89 94.8 146 63.33 58.8 76 135.56 64.4 18 7.78 98.4 148 64.44 53.4 78 136.67 68.0 0 6.67 30.0 150 65.56 536.0 80 137.78 71.6 5.56 305.6 15 66.67 539.6 8 138.89 75. 4 4.44 309. 154 67.78 543. 84 140.00 78.8 6 3.33 31.8 156 68.89 546.8 86 141.11 8.4 8. 316.4 158 70.00 550.4 88 14. 86.0 30 1.11 30.0 160 71.11 554.0 90 143.33 89.6 3 ±0.00 33.6 16 7. 557.6 9 144.44 93. 34 1.11 37. 164 73.33 561. 94 145.56 96.8 36. 330.8 166 74.44 564.8 96 146.67 100.4 38 3.33 334.4 168 75.56 568.4 98 147.78 104.0 40 4.44 338.0 170 76.67 57.0 300 148.89 107.6 4 5.56 341.6 17 77.78 575.6 30 150.00 111. 44 6.67 345. 174 78.89 579. 304 151.11 114.8 46 7.78 348.8 176 80.00 58.8 306 15. 118.4 48 8.89 35.4 178 81.11 586.4 308 153.33 1.0 50 10.00 356.0 180 8. 590.0 310 154.44 15.6 5 11.11 359.6 18 83.33 593.6 31 155.56 19. 54 1. 363. 184 84.44 597. 314 156.67 13.8 136.4 56 58 13.33 14.44 366.8 370.4 186 188 85.56 86.67 600.8 604.4 316 318 157.78 158.89 140.0 60 15.56 374.0 190 87.78 608.0 30 160.00 143.6 6 16.67 377.6 19 88.89 611.6 3 161.11 147. 64 17.78 381. 194 90.00 615. 34 16. 150.8 66 18.89 384.8 196 91.11 618.8 36 163.33 154.4 68 0.00 388.4 198 9. 6.4 38 164.44 158.0 70 1.11 39.0 00 93.33 66.0 330 165.56 161.6 7. 395.6 0 94.44 69.6 33 166.67 165. 74 3.33 399. 04 95.56 633. 334 167.78 168.8 76 4.44 40.8 06 96.67 636.8 336 168.89 17.4 78 5.56 406.4 08 97.78 640.4 338 170.00 176.0 80 6.67 410.0 10 98.89 644.0 340 171.11 179.6 8 7.78 413.6 1 100.00 647.6 34 17. 183. 84 8.89 417. 14 101.11 651. 344 173.33 186.8 86 30.00 40.8 16 10. 654.8 346 174.44 190.4 88 31.11 44.4 18 103.33 658.4 348 175.56 194.0 90 3. 48.0 0 104.44 66.0 350 176.67 197.6 9 33.33 431.6 105.56 665.6 35 177.78 01. 94 34.44 435. 4 106.67 669. 354 178.89 04.8 96 35.56 438.8 6 107.78 67.8 356 180.00 08.4 98 36.67 44.4 8 108.89 676.4 358 181.11 1.0 100 37.78 446.0 30 110.00 680.0 360 18. 7-10

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION read known temperatures in bold face and corresponding temperatures in degrees fahrenheit will be found in the column to the left temperatures in celsius (centigrade) to the right F C F C F C 683.6 36 183.33 917.6 49 55.56 1670.0 910 487.78 687. 364 184.44 91. 494 56.67 1688.0 90 493.33 690.8 366 185.56 94.8 496 57.78 1706.0 930 498.89 694.4 368 186.67 98.4 498 58.89 174.0 940 504.44 698.0 370 187.78 93.0 500 60.00 174.0 950 510.00 701.6 37 188.89 935.6 50 61.11 1760.0 960 515.56 705. 374 190.00 939. 504 6. 1778.0 970 51.11 708.8 376 191.11 94.8 506 63.33 1796.0 980 56.67 71.4 378 19. 946.4 508 64.44 1814.0 990 53. 716.0 380 193.33 950.0 510 65.56 183.0 1000 537.78 719.6 38 194.44 953.6 51 66.67 1850.0 1010 543.33 73. 384 195.56 957. 514 67.78 1868.0 100 548.89 76.8 386 196.67 960.8 516 68.89 1886.0 1030 554.44 730.4 388 197.78 964.4 518 70.00 1904.0 1040 560.00 734.0 390 198.89 968.0 50 71.11 19.0 1050 565.56 737.6 39 00.00 971.6 5 7. 1940.0 1060 571.11 741. 394 01.11 975. 54 73.33 1958.0 1070 576.67 744.8 396 0. 978.8 56 74.44 1976.0 1080 58. 748.4 398 03.33 98.4 58 75.56 1994.0 1090 587.78 75.0 400 04.44 986.0 530 76.67 01.0 1100 593.33 755.6 40 05.56 989.6 53 77.78 030.0 1110 598.89 759. 404 06.67 993. 534 78.89 048.0 110 604.44 76.8 406 07.78 996.8 536 80.00 066.0 1130 610.00 766.4 408 08.89 1000.4 538 81.11 084.0 1140 615.56 770.0 410 10.00 1004.0 540 8. 10.0 1150 61.11 773.6 41 11.11 1007.6 54 83.33 10.0 1160 66.67 777. 414 1. 1011. 544 84.44 138.0 1170 63. 780.8 416 13.33 1014.8 546 85.56 156.0 1180 637.78 784.4 418 14.44 1018.4 548 86.67 174.0 1190 643.33 788.0 40 15.56 10.0 550 87.78 19.0 100 648.89 791.6 4 16.67 1040.0 560 93.33 10.0 110 654.44 795. 44 17.78 1058.0 570 98.89 8.0 10 660.00 798.8 46 18.89 1076.0 580 304.44 46.0 130 665.56 80.4 48 0.00 1094.0 590 310.00 64.0 140 671.11 806.0 430 1.11 111.0 600 315.56 8.0 150 676.67 809.6 43. 1130.0 610 31.11 300.0 160 68. 813. 434 3.33 1148.0 60 36.67 318.0 170 687.78 816.8 436 4.44 1166.0 630 33. 336.0 180 693.33 80.4 438 5.56 1184.0 640 337.78 354.0 190 698.89 84.0 440 6.67 10.0 650 343.33 37.0 1300 704.44 87.6 44 7.78 10.0 660 348.89 390.0 1310 710.00 831. 444 8.89 138.0 670 354.44 408.0 130 715.56 834.8 838.4 446 448 30.00 31.11 156.0 174.0 680 690 360.00 365.56 46.0 444.0 1330 1340 71.11 76.67 84.0 450 3. 19.0 700 371.11 46.0 1350 73. 845.6 45 33.33 1310.0 710 376.67 480.0 1360 737.78 849. 454 34.44 138.0 70 38. 498.0 1370 743.33 85.8 456 35.56 1346.0 730 387.78 516.0 1380 748.89 856.4 458 36.67 1364.0 740 393.33 534.0 1390 754.44 860.0 460 37.78 138.0 750 398.89 55.0 1400 760.00 863.6 46 38.89 1400.0 760 404.44 570.0 1410 765.56 867. 464 40.00 1418.0 770 410.00 588.0 140 771.11 870.8 466 41.11 1436.0 780 415.56 606.0 1430 776.67 874.4 468 4. 1454.0 790 41.11 64.0 1440 78. 878.0 470 43.33 147.0 800 46.67 64.0 1450 787.78 881.6 47 44.44 1490.0 810 43. 660.0 1460 793.33 885. 474 45.56 1508.0 80 437.76 678.0 1470 798.89 888.8 476 46.67 156.0 830 443.33 696.0 1480 804.44 89.4 896.0 478 480 47.78 48.89 1544.0 156.0 840 850 448.89 454.44 714.0 73.0 1490 1500 810.00 815.56 899.6 48 50.00 1580.0 860 460.00 750.0 1510 81.11 903. 484 51.11 1598.0 870 465.56 768.0 150 86.67 906.8 486 5. 1616.0 880 471.11 786.0 1530 83. 910.4 488 53.33 1634.0 890 476.67 804.0 1540 837.78 914.0 490 54.44 165.0 900 48. 8.0 1550 843.33 7-11

TEMPERATURE CONVERSION read known temperatures in bold face and corresponding temperatures in degrees fahrenheit will be found in the column to the left temperatures in celsius (centigrade) to the right F C F C F C 840.0 1560 848.89 4010.0 10 110.0 5180.0 860 1571.1 858.0 1570 854.44 408.0 0 115.6 5198.0 870 1576.7 876.0 1580 860.00 4046.0 30 11.1 516.0 880 158. 894.0 1590 865.56 4064.0 40 16.7 534.0 890 1587.8 91.0 1600 871.11 408.0 50 13. 55.0 900 1593.3 930.0 1610 876.67 4100.0 60 137.8 570.0 910 1598.9 948.0 160 88. 4118.0 70 143.3 588.0 90 1604.4 966.0 1630 887.78 4136.0 80 148.9 5306.0 930 1610.0 984.0 1640 893.33 4154.0 90 154.4 534.0 940 1615.6 300.0 1650 898.89 417.0 300 160.0 534.0 950 161.1 300.0 1660 904.44 4190.0 310 165.6 5360.0 960 166.7 3038.0 1670 910.00 408.0 30 171.1 5378.0 970 163. 3056.0 1680 915.56 46.0 330 176.7 5396.0 980 1637.8 3074.0 1690 91.11 444.0 340 18. 5414.0 990 1643.3 309.0 1700 96.67 46.0 350 187.8 543.0 3000 1648.9 3110.0 1710 93. 480.0 360 193.3 5450.0 3010 1654.4 318.0 170 937.78 498.0 370 198.9 5468.0 300 1660.0 3146.0 1730 943.33 4316.0 380 1304.4 5486.0 3030 1665.6 3164.0 1740 948.89 4334.0 390 1310.0 5504.0 3040 1671.1 318.0 1750 954.44 435.0 400 1315.6 55.0 3050 1676.7 300.0 1760 960.00 4370.0 410 131.1 5540.0 3060 168. 318.0 1770 965.56 4388.0 40 136.7 5558.0 3070 1687.8 336.0 1780 971.11 4406.0 430 133. 5576.0 3080 1693.3 354.0 1790 976.67 444.0 440 1337.8 5594.0 3090 1698.9 37.0 1800 98. 444.0 450 1343.3 561.0 3100 1704.4 390.0 1810 987.78 4460.0 460 1348.9 570.0 3150 173. 3308.0 180 993.33 4478.0 470 1354.4 579.0 300 1760.0 336.0 1830 998.89 4496.0 480 1360.0 588.0 350 1787.7 3344.0 1840 1004.4 4514.0 490 1365.6 597.0 3300 1815.5 336.0 1850 1010.0 453.0 500 1371.1 606.0 3350 1843.3 3380.0 1860 1015.6 4550.0 510 1376.7 615.0 3400 1871.1 3398.0 1870 101.1 4568.0 50 138. 64.0 3450 1898.8 3416.0 1880 106.7 4586.0 530 1387.8 633.0 3500 196.6 3434.0 1890 103. 4604.0 540 1393.3 64.0 3550 1954.4 345.0 1900 1037.8 46.0 550 1398.9 651.0 3600 198. 3470.0 1910 1043.3 4640.0 560 1404.4 660.0 3650 010.0 3488.0 190 1048.9 4658.0 570 1410.0 669.0 3700 037.7 3506.0 1930 1054.4 4676.0 580 1415.6 678.0 3750 065.5 354.0 1940 1060.0 4694.0 590 141.1 687.0 3800 093.3 354.0 1950 1065.6 471.0 600 146.7 696.0 3850 11.1 3560.0 1960 1071.1 4730.0 610 143. 705.0 3900 148.8 3578.0 1970 1076.7 4748.0 60 1437.8 714.0 3950 176.6 3596.0 3614.0 1980 1990 108. 1087.8 4766.0 4784.0 630 640 1443.3 1448.9 73.0 73.0 4000 4050 04.4 3. 363.0 000 1093.3 480.0 650 1454.4 741.0 4100 60.0 3650.0 010 1098.9 480.0 660 1460.0 750.0 4150 87.7 3668.0 00 1104.4 4838.0 670 1465.6 759.0 400 315.5 3686.0 030 1110.0 4856.0 680 1471.1 768.0 450 343.3 3704.0 040 1115.6 4874.0 690 1476.7 777.0 4300 371.1 37.0 050 111.1 489.0 700 148. 786.0 4350 398.8 3740.0 060 116.7 4910.0 710 1487.8 795.0 4400 46.6 3758.0 070 113. 498.0 70 1493.3 804.0 4450 454.4 3776.0 080 1137.8 4946.0 730 1498.9 813.0 4500 48. 3794.0 090 1143.3 4964.0 740 1504.4 8.0 4550 510.0 381.0 100 1148.9 498.0 750 1510.0 831.0 4600 537.7 3830.0 110 1154.4 5000.0 760 1515.6 840.0 4650 565.5 3848.0 10 1160.0 5018.0 770 151.1 849.0 4700 593.3 3866.0 130 1165.6 5036.0 780 156.7 858.0 4750 61.1 3884.0 390.0 140 150 1171.1 1176.7 5054.0 507.0 790 800 153. 1537.8 867.0 876.0 4800 4850 648.8 676.6 390.0 160 118. 5090.0 810 1543.3 885.0 4900 704.4 3938.0 170 1187.8 5108.0 80 1548.9 894.0 4950 73. 3956.0 180 1193.3 516.0 830 1554.4 903.0 5000 760.0 3974.0 190 1198.9 5144.0 840 1560.0 91.0 5050 787.7 399.0 00 104.4 516.0 850 1565.6 91.0 5100 815.5 7-1