EVENT, DATE The Smart Grid Challenges & Solutions Fahd Hashiesh, Global Business Development Manager, Power Consulting
The Grid The Current, the Past and the Future Let s define the Smart Grid Environment / renewable Power Quality CAPEX / OPEX Reliability & Availability Managing the Demand Managing risks & crises Then Modelling the Grid Grid Visibility System Inertia Losses, Voltage, Var, Harmonics Consumers Behaviour Energy Storage Cyber Security April 14, 20 17 Slide 2
The Smart Grid Value Proposition April 14, 20 17 Slide 3
Charact erist ics of renewable energy sources Wind and Solar PV: What is different? Bioenergy Geothermal Reservoir Hydro Run of river CSP* Solar PV onshore Wind offshore Variability time scale Dispatchability seasons to generations days to years hours to years minutes to years dispatchable partial low partial Predictability high accuracy Moderate low Balancing electricity supply and demand at any time is becoming more challenging given t he volat ilit y and uncert aint y of wind and solar energy sources April 14, 20 17 Slide 4
Renewable Int egrat ion This is the right way, but.. Challenges Not a predictable source of energy Voltage fluctuations and instabilities Maintaining reactive power balance Harmonics Solar power variations Loss of system inertia Rate of change of frequency Fault ride through Wind power variations More Renewables More Challenges April 14, 20 17 Slide 5
Solutions Flexible AC Transmission Syst ems Why FACTS Boost of transmission capacity Energy trading between regions Improved long distance power transfer Power quality improvements Improved dynamic stability of grids Aging infrastructure Integration of renewables Minimizing black-out risks Facilitated integration of renewables Increasing energy production, load increase Improved grid code compliance Improved supply to railway systems FACTS is an enabler for Smart Grids April 14, 20 17 Slide 6
Energy & Grid Transformation Microgrid & Energy Storage Microgrid Dist ribut ed energy resources and loads t hat can be operat ed in a cont rolled, coordinat ed way eit her connect ed t o t he main power grid or in islanded * mode. Microgrids are low or medium voltage grids without power t ransmission capabilit ies and are typically not geographically spread out. Power grid Power grids are larger conventional and spread out grids with high voltage power transmission capabilities. Microgrid technology can be applied to weak grids making the network more robust. Nanogrid Low volt age grids t hat t ypically serve a single building. April 14, 20 17 Slide 7
Def erral of Capit al Invest ment Microgrids CAPEX / OPEX saving By removing load that would otherwise be served by the power grid, microgrids can help to reduce peak demand or system load growth and similarly help utilities avoid or defer new power capacity investments. Such deferrals can allow capital budgets to be allocated elsewhere in improving overall network reliability and availability. It can also benefits consumers by lowering rates. Ability to provide power independently from the main power grid April 14, 20 17 Slide 8
Volat ile Generat ion Creat es Need f or St orage Energy Storage Flicker compensation Voltage sag correction Reactive power control Spinning reserve Load leveling Peak shaving Cent ral Generat ion Distributed Generat ion 20 kv ESS 20 kv 110 kv ESS 220 kv Integration of renewables 1-100 MW, 1-10 h Single connection Load leveling for generation utilization 100 MW, 4h 110 kv ESS ESS Spinning reserve In cas e of line los s 10-100 MW, 0.25-1 h 220 kv Overhead line Load leveling for postponement of grid upgrade 1-10 MW, 6 h 20 kv Network ring Frequency regulation 1-50 MW, 0.25-1 h ESS to Load Heavy Indust ry ESS Peak shaving 0.5-10 MW, 1 h April 14, 20 17 Slide 9
Volat ile Generat ion Creat es Need f or St orage Energy Storage s Applications Frequency Regulat ion Load Leveling Peak Shaving Capacity Firming Power Qualit y Spinning Reserve April 14, 20 17 Slide 10
Power Invert ers Syst ems For s olar PV plants Benef it s Fault-ride-through capability (FRT) Voltage/Var regulation by active and reactive power control Primary and secondary frequency regulation by active power control Full grid support functionality Higher system reliability and stability through grid code compliance April 14, 20 17 Slide 11
Asset Healt h April 14, 2017 Slide 12
Grid Visibility Taking the Right Decision April 14, 20 17 Slide 13
The Smart Grid A conclusion Generation forecasting HVDC Microgrid stabilization Consulting Plant automation and control Virtual Power Plants Energy storage EV-charging FACTS Substation automation, protection and control Demand Response Active voltage regulation Service and Maintenance Communication networks April 14, 20 17 Slide 14