Technology Trends in EV Charging an Overview Adrian Vinsome Head of Energy Systems adrian.vinsome@cenex.co.uk
Emerging Charging Technology and Future Trends Presentation Objectives 1. Current Charging Technologies i. Charging Modes ii. Connectors iii. Power Levels 2. Charging System Trends i. Higher Power Charging ii. Inductive Charging iii. Vehicle-to-Grid iv. Interoperability
Emerging Charging Technology and Future Trends Current Charging Technologies
EV Charging.. Source: beama, A Guide to Electric Vehicle Infrastructure, 08 April 2015.
AC Connectors Vehicle Connector Types AC Charging Cable Charge Point Side of Cable SAE J1772 Type 1 Release Button and hole for padlock Live 2/N Live 1 EN62196-2 Type 2 Female Control Pilot Proximity Pin Earth Live 1 Neutral Live 2 EN62196-2 Type 2 Male Earth Proximity Pin Control Pilot Neutral Control Pilot Earth Proximity Pin Recess for plug lock Live 3 Live 1 Live 3 Live 2 Nissan Leaf socket Renault Zoe socket Tesla Model S socket
DC Connectors CCS Combo 2 Earth Control Pilot and Proximity Pins BMW i3 socket DC +/-pins CHAdeMO JARI JEVS/G105 Nissan Leaf socket DC +/- pins
Vehicle Charging - Power Levels Charger Type Charge Time Power (kw) Connection Type Slow Fast Semi-Rapid Rapid Vehicle-to-Grid 0-100% in 10-12 hours 0-100% in 4-6 hours 0-100% in 1-2 hours 0-80% in 20-30 mins 0-100% in 6 hours Home 2.3-3.7 kw 3-Pin Plug Workplace 7-22 kw Type 1 (T1) Long stay car parks Publicly accessible locations Workplace or Type 2 (T2) 22-43 kw Type 2 (T2) 43-50 kw, Depots 120 kw - Tesla Supercharge r Service station Type 2- AC (T2) or CHAdeMO - DC (CHA) Tesla Supercharger station or CCS Combo 2 - DC (CCS) Pre-commercial 7kW V2G Connector (V2G)
Emerging Charging Technology and Future Trends Charging System Trends
Higher Power Charging Source: Steven Dorresteijn, High Power EV Charging and Future Trends, ABB, Cenex LCV 2017, 6 th September 2017
Higher Power Charging electrek Cenex Source: electrek, The first High-Power fast-charging station (150-350kW) is installed by EVgo and ABB right in Tesla s backyard, 27 Feb 2017.
Emerging Charging Technology and Future Trends Porsche 800 volt DC Charging Source: Porsche, 800-Volt Charging, 27 Feb 2017.
Inductive Charging Three main components: Control panel Vehicle adapter Parking pad Source: plugless, System Components, https://www.pluglesspower.com/gen2-tech-specs/.
Inductive Charging Qualcomm Halo Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging (WEVC) is another wireless/inductive charging system. The charging pad s multi-coil design delivers high energytransfer efficiency and high power 3.3 kw and 6.6 kw - even if pads are misaligned. Source: Qualcomm Halo, https://www.qualcomm.com/products/halo
Inductive Charging Human Exposure to EM Fields Assessment of electromagnetic field will require new approaches to estimation due to the lack of standardised procedures at low frequencies (<10 MHz). Source: Qualcomm Halo, https://www.qualcomm.com/products/halo
Vehicle-to-Grid Systems Cenex itheca demonstration project Leaf to Home power supply system Nissan, Nichicon Cenex
Charge Point Management Systems (CPMS) CPMS is a Back Office function provided by a Charge Point Network Operator. It is hosted on a server and controls and monitors a network of charge points The CPMS provides the following functions; 1) A database of: i. all the Charge Points on its network; ii. the network s authorised EV users; 2) The ability to remotely diagnose and operate charge point functions; 3) The system collects charging data for operational and billing purposes; 4) A user help line and website (typically with location map); 5) Pay As You Go billing options for EV users;
Open Charge Point Protocol Source: Open Charge Alliance, OCPP Development Roadmap v01a, http://www.openchargealliance.org
Emerging Charging Technology and Future Trends Open Platform for Charging Point Management System Why do we need an open platform for charging point management systems? 1) The EV users want to access chargepoints across different network. 2) Easy access method via app or contactless bank card. 3) EV users do not want to sign up every single chargepoint network provider.
Thank you for listening Adrian Vinsome Head of Energy System adrian.vinsome@cenex.co.uk