CSA 2010 and Driver Di Training i PRESENTED BY SCOTT RANDALL DIRECTOR OF SAFETY HOGAN TRANSPORTS, INC.
CSA 2010 Frequently asked questions 1. What is CSA 2010? Comprehensive Safety Analysis 2010 is a major Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) initiative to improve the effectiveness of the agency s compliance and enforcement programs. 2. Why is CSA 2010 being implemented? CSA 2010 is designed to better use FMCSA resources to identify drivers and carriers that pose safety problems and to intervene in those problems as early as possible. 3. Will CSA2010 take into account both driver and carrier safety performance? YES, both driver and carrier safety performance will be monitored. FMCSA has designed two Safety Measurement Systems The Carrier Safety Measurement System (CSMS) uses 24 months of data The Driver Safety Measurement System (DSMS) uses 36 months of data
CSA 2010 Frequently asked questions 4. What s the difference between the old SAFESTAT model and the new CSA 2010? SAFESTAT = 4 evaluation areas + crashes + out-of-service violations CSA 2010 = 7 BASIC categories + crashes + ALL safety violations The old SAFESTAT model tracked only carrier performance for the purpose of determining which carriers to audit the CSA 2010 approach evaluates both carrier and driver safety data to determine the appropriate agency action. Another key difference with CSA 2010 program involves giving greater weight to behaviors considered to be higher risk
Key Features of CSA 2010 Increase the opportunity to have contact with more carriers and drivers; Use more and better data to improve performance measurements for identifying high risk carrier and di driver behaviors; and Apply a wide range of interventions to correct Apply a wide range of interventions to correct these high risk behaviors before they become chronic and habitual.
SafeStat vs. Safety Measurement System Today s SafeStat Model CSA 2010 s SMS Organized in 4 broad categories --- Organized by Behavior Analysis Safety Safety Evaluation Areas Improvement Categories (7 BASICs) Identifies carriers for a compliance Identifies safety performance problems review (CR) to determine intervention level and safety fitness Uses only out-of-service (OOS) and Emphasizes on-road safety moving violations from inspections performance, using all safety-based inspection violations No impact on safety rating Used to propose adverse safety fitness determination based on carriers own data No risk based violation weightings Risk based violation weightings Assesses carriers only Two distinct safety measurement systems carriers and drivers
What Does This Mean for Carriers & Drivers? All safety violations at roadside considered Safety fitness updated every 30 days Broader array of interventions Poor safety performance = greater likelihood of being contacted Increased emphasis on CMV drivers
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System As with carriers, driver performance is evaluated using road inspection results grouped under the 7 BASICs Calculation of driver measures and percentiles are for FMCSA use; neither employers nor roadside inspectors will have access to these measures. Driver enforcement will occur only through a carrier investigation. Driver measures will be used to: o o o o Identify drivers with safety problems Prioritize driver sampling Issue NOVs or NOCs to individual drivers with excessive unsafe pattern Drivers will not be issued a rating (e.g., unfit) under this program
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System There are three distinct methodologies used to compute the BASIC measures. The following pairings reflect similarly evaluated BASICs, with the second and third bullets sharing the same method for computing driver measures. Unsafe driving, Controlled Substances and Alcohol Fatigued Driving, Driver Fitness Vehicle Maintenance, Improper Loading/Cargo Securement Crash Indicator
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System Unsafe Driving, Controlled Substance and Alcohol Unsafe driving = Careless or dangerous operation of CMV; includes acts such as speeding, following too close, reckless or inattentive driving, unsafe lane change Controlled Substance/Alcohol = operation of CMV by driver impaired by or possessing alcohol, illegal drugs, or misused prescription or over-thecounter medicines If it hits the inspection report, the severity weight assigned to that violation attaches irrespective of whether it s a warning or citation, serious or nonserious (e.g. moving violations) Raises implication for write-ups used as gateway violations simply to validate the basis for the initial stop
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System Calculating Unsafe Driving and Controlled Substance and Alcohol BASICs Assesses driver s roadside inspection results for last 36 months Percentile rank reflects relative position of driver s score compared to that of his/her peers
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Measure = Total time and severity weights of applicable violations* (TW x SW = Violation Score) Applicable = uses section cite listed in Appendix to SMS as CMV driver s responsibility Severity weight = score from 1 to 10 as assigned in Appendix to SMS reflecting the crash risk level relative to other violations in that same BASIC Time weight = 1, 2, or 3 (w/in 12 mos. = 3; between 12 and 24 mos. = 2; > 24 mos. = 1) * Each cite of a different violation on a roadside inspection is a separate violation
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Percentile Rank Determines total no. of inspections citing at least one BASIC violation; driver s with no BASIC violations are removed Ranks each driver s cumulative BASIC score 0 to 100 (0 = lowest value) and assigns a percentile to each driver
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 1. Unsafe Driving Section 392.2 Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Failure to obey traffic control Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) device ( 392.2C*) Careless Driving 5 Y 392.2 Following too close ( 392.2FC*) Careless Driving 5 Y Improper lane change 392.2 ( 392.2LC*) Careless Driving 5 Y 392.2 Improper turns ( 392.2T*) Careless Driving 5 Y 392.2 Reckless driving ( 392.2R*) Reckless Driving 10 Y 392.2 Speeding ( 392.2S*) Speeding Related 5 Y Failing to use seat belt while Other Driver 392.16 operating CMV Violations 1 Y
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 2. Controlled Substances/Alcohol Violation Description Shown Driver Section on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Responsible (Y/N) Violating OOS order Alcohol Jumping 392.5(c)(2) pursuant to 392.5(a)/(b) OOS 10 Y Driver uses or is in possession 392.4(a) of drugs Drugs 10 Y Possession/use/under influence alcohol 4hrs prior to duty 392.5(a) Alcohol 5 Y
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System Fatigued Driving, Driver Fitness Fatigued Driving = operation of CMVs by ill or fatigued drivers or drivers who violate hours of service rules, including logs Driver Fitness = operation of CMVs by drivers with a demonstrated lack of skill, qualification, or physical ability to maintain i safe control (e.g., invalid or inadequate CDL, no or false medical qualification) Key difference with these measures is the emphasis on Key difference with these measures is the emphasis on patterns of violation as demonstrated over a number of inspections
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Measure = Total of time and severity weighted applicable violations Number of time weighted relevant inspections Terms applicable violation and time weighted are defined the same for every BASIC Relevant inspection refers to any Driver Inspection Level 1, 2, 3, or 6, or any inspection which cites an applicable violation Severity weights in these BASICs reflect the relative crash risk point Severity weights in these BASICs reflect the relative crash risk point level, AND for each OOS violation a weight of 2 is added; the total severity weight score for any single inspection is capped at 30
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Percentile Rank = A. Remove drivers with < 3 relevant inspections or no inspections citing an applicable violation. With remainder, group by number of relevant inspections according to chart below. B. Drivers are then ranked within their peer group by their cumulative BASIC score 0 to 100 (0 = lowest value) and a percentile assigned to each driver. Peer Group Category Number of Relevant Inspections 1 3 2 4 6 3 7 or more
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 3. Fatigued Driving Section 395.3(a) 395.3(a) Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Requiring or permitting driver to Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) drive more than 11 hours Hours 7 Y Requiring or permitting driver to drive more than 14 hours Hours 7 Y 395.3(b) 60/70 hour rule violation Hours 7 Y 395.3(c) 34 hour restart violation Hours 7 Y 395.8(a) No driver s record of duty status Incomplete/ Wrong log 5 Y 395.8 Log violation (general form and Manner) Other Log/Form and Manner 2 Y 395.8(e) False report of driver s record of duty status False Log 7 Y
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 4. Driver Fitness Section 383.21 383.23(a) 383.31(a) 383.31(b) Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Operating a CMV with more than Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) one driver s license Multiple license 10 Y Endorsements and Operating a CMV without a CDL Vehicle Group 3 Y Failure to notify licensing jurisdiction of traffic conviction Driver Qualification 6 Y Failure to notify carrier of conviction within 30 days Driver Qualification 6 Y 391.11 Driver Qualification Driver Qualification 6 Y 391.45 False entry on medical examiner s certificate Medical certificate 1 Y 391.45(a) Using a driver not medically examined and certified Medical certificate 1 Y
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System Vehicle Maintenance, Improper Loading/Cargo Securement Vehicle maintenance = operation of CMVs without inspecting and repairing equipment defects, failing to report and ensure required repairs on items found in pre- or post-trip inspections Improper Loading/Cargo Securement = operation of CMVs without protecting against load shifts, spilled or dropped cargo, improperly p handled hazardous materials As with Fatigued Driving and Driver Fitness, these measures emphasize patterns of violation as demonstrated over a number of inspections
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Measure = Total of time and severity weighted applicable violations Number of time weighted relevant inspections Terms applicable violation and time weighted are defined the same for every BASIC Relevant inspection refers to any Vehicle Inspection Level 1, 2, or 6, or any inspection which cites an applicable violation Severity weights in these BASICs reflect the relative crash risk point Severity weights in these BASICs reflect the relative crash risk point level, AND for each OOS violation a weight of 2 is added; the total severity weight score for any single inspection is capped at 30
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Percentile Rank = A. Remove drivers with < 3 relevant inspections or no inspections citing an applicable violation. With remainder, group by number of relevant inspections according to chart below. B. Drivers are then ranked within their peer group by their cumulative BASIC score 0 to 100 (0 = lowest value) with a percentile assigned. Peer Group Category Number of Relevant Inspections 1 3 2 4 6 3 7 or more
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 5. Vehicle Maintenance Section Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) 392.7 No pre trip inspection Inspection reports 4 Y 393.9(a) Inoperative headlamps (393.9H) Lighting 6 Y 393.9(a) Inoperative turn signal (393.9TS) Lighting 6 Y 393.9(a) Inoperative tail lamp (393.9T) Lighting 6 Y 393.9(a) Inoperative lamp (393.9) Clearance Identification Lamp 2 Y 393.11(b) No retroflective sheeting/reflex reflectors on rear or side Reflective sheeting 3 Y 393.25(f) Stop lamp violations Lighting 6 Y
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 5. Vehicle Maintenance Section 393.41 393.43(a) 393.45(b) 393.45(a) Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection No or df defective parking brake Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) system on CMV Brakes, All Others 4 Y No/improper tractor protection valve Brakes, All Others 4 Y Brake hose/tubing chaffing and/or kinking Brakes, All Others 4 Y Emergency glad hand has audible air leak Brakes, All Others 4 Y 393.60 Windshield condition Windshield/Glass 1 Y 393.75 Tire flat and/or audible air leak Tires 8 Y Vehicle Jumping 396.9(c) Operating an OOS vehicle OOS 10 Y
Excerpt from Appendix A, SMS Table 6. Improper Loading/Cargo Securement Section Violation Description Shown on Report Given to CMV Driver after Roadside Inspection Violation Group Description Violation Severity Weight Driver Responsible (Y/N) 171.2(a) Failure to comply with HM regs HM Other 1 Y 172.504(a) Vehicle not placarded as required Markings (HM) 1 Y 392.2 Size and weight (392.2W) Other Cargo 7 Y 393.100 No or improper load securement Load Securement 10 Y No/improper securement of 393.134 roll/hook container Load Securement 10 Y 397.1(a) Driver/carrier must obey Part 397 HM Other 1 Y Vehicle Jumping 396.9(c) Operating an OOS vehicle OOS 10 Y
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System Crash Indicator This BASIC assesses patterns of frequency and severity with DOT reportable accidents submitted on state t crash reports While the other BASICs are targeting behaviors and conduct, this one addresses the ultimate t consequence of an unsafe act As with Unsafe Driving, this BASIC focuses simply on the number of occurrences
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Measure = Total of time and severity weighted applicable crashes Applicable crash refers basically to any DOT reportable accident within the past 36 months (disabling damage, injury, fatality) Time weight: w/in 12 mos. = 3; between 12 and 24 mos. = 2; > 24 mos. = 1 The crash severity weight places more weight on accidents resulting in injury or fatality, or hazmat cargo is released as indicated in following table Crash Type Crash Severity Weight Involves tow away only 1 Involves injury or fatality 2 Involves hazmat release (+ 1) added to above
DSMS Driver Safety Measurement System BASIC Percentile Rank Identify all drivers with at least one applicable crash Ranks each driver s cumulative BASIC score 0 to 100 (0 = lowest value) and assigns a percentile to each driver
ADDITIONAL IMPLICATIONS FOR DRIVERS Beyond enforcement, additional implications for drivers include: Standing with current employer Standing with prospective employer Current employers will not have access to the driver measure score, but they will certainly be able to track their drivers performance while in their employ Meaning what? Prospective employers will have access to driver s roadside history through the PSP process
PSP Pre-employment Screening Program PSP is a screening tool that allows prospective employers and drivers to inquire about a driver s driving record with FMCSA Records will be available for purchase from a DOT contractor directly online or through an authorized third-party provider. The information contained in the Driver Information Record (DIR) reflects a driver s 5-year crash history and 3 years of roadside inspection results.
PSP Pre-employment Screening Program Prospective employers can order a DIR for preemployment screening purposes only after obtaining written permission from the driver candidate Drivers can order their own DIR anytime for a fee; if they believe their record contains erroneous information they can file a DataQ challenge Once PSP goes live later this spring, it will report the Once PSP goes live later this spring, it will report the existing 3 and 5 year data on file for the selected driver
Training Implications with CSA 2010 Be Prepared Drivers need to be informed about CSA 2010, PSP, DSMS Drivers and employers alike need to recognize that the only thing they control under this program is the present and future With time-weighting, the only way to turn around a questionable record is with clean inspections Drivers as well as current and prospective employers must recognize the implications of their actions reflected in the results of roadside inspections, involvement in crashes
Training Implications with CSA 2010 Take responsibility as a professional driver you must know: The rules that govern your job [refer to the BASICs] The operating features of your equipment affecting safe operation Complete a thorough pre-trip inspection Follow through on your post-trip report of defects, concerns Ensure the equipment you put in/keep in operation is safe and compliant Your record Keep copies your roadside inspections Run your DIR Review the results recorded in both and make necessary adjustments Your employer s record What issues are impacting the fleet overall Are your inspection results, crash history a positive or negative contributor
Cultural/Retention Implications with CSA 2010 The impact this has on a company s safety culture will be reflected in the degree to which: A partnership is formed between carrier and driver Management and drivers expand their dialogue, adding focus to all levels of inspection and the implications associated with all write-ups Adjustments are made in policy and program initiatives relating to safety, compliance, corrective action, awards and recognition Carriers who use this opportunity to create an atmosphere of collaboration and mutual reliance with their drivers may see a benefit to retention.
USEFUL LINKS FOR CSA 2010 INFORMATION http://csa2010.fmcsa.dot.gov/ http://csa2010.fmcsa.dot.gov/datareview http://csa2010.fmcsa.dot.gov/documents/csa2010_cmvdrivers.ppt http://csa2010.fmcsa.dot.gov/documents/sms_factsheet.pdf http://www.psp.fmcsa.dot.gov/pages/default.aspx