Green Energy Bus Stop Heating System

Green Energy Bus Stop Heating System Project Proposal Kapadia- Khabiboulline- Yifei (Sam) Teng TA: Samantha Knoll ECE 445: Senior Design Laboratory September 17, 2014 1

1.0 INTRODUCTION Table of Contents 1.1 Statement of Purpose...3 1.2 Objectives...3 1.2.1 Goals...3 1.2.2 Functions...3 1.2.3 Benefits...3 1.2.4 Features...4 2.0 DESIGN 2.1 Block Diagrams... 4-5 2.2 Block Descriptions...5 2.2.1 Visual System Module Block Descriptions... 5-6 2.2.2 Power System Module Descriptions...6-7 2.2.3 Heating System Module Descriptions...8 2.3 Performance Requirements...9 3.0 VERIFICATION 3.1 Testing Procedures...9-10 3.2 Tolerance Analysis...11 4.0 COST AND SCHEDULE 4.1.0 CostAnalysis...11 4.1.1 Labor... 11 4.1.2 Parts...11 4.1.3 Grand Total... 12 4.2.0 Schedule...12-13 2

1.0 Introduction 1.1 Statement of Purpose The winters in Urbana-Champaign can get very cold at times as a result this can affect are bodies most notably our feet and hands. We have decided to tackle this problem via our Green Energy Bus Stop Heating System. The main idea behind our project is to have a convenient usercontrolled heating system via insoles/shoes and have that working simultaneously with an induction heated platform at the bus stop. The bus stop will be powered mainly with solar power with an additional outside electrical source. The main purpose of this project is an energy budget system in which we can make the bus stops comforting and energy saving. 1.2 Objectives 1.2.1 Goals Create a functional solar power source Have the external power source(power line) working simultaneously with the solar power source to provide required amount of thermal energy to the users Develop insoles that will use the induction heating and will not harm the user Establish a payment system that will ask the user to pay a certain amount per usage Have the system provide equal heating for multiple user (3-6 people) 1.2.2 Functions Using the application/external display to control the heating from the induction system Providing power to the bus stop mainly via solar panels Having a backup power option to the solar panels( power line, battery) 1.2.3 Benefits Power is supplied by using renewable resources (solar power) to power the bus stop. Cost-effective way of providing heat to the user via induction heating Inexpensive way of synchronizing all power sources. Provides the user with data and payment methods via an application(app) Visual system that demonstrates to the user the temperature of the system 3

1.2.4 Features 2.0 Design Power system- using solar power, a battery, and an external power source(power line) working simultaneously to power the bus stop Induction Heating- system that provides heat to the insoles of the user which is produced from the bus stop platform via the heating system Insoles- safe and secure insoles that prevent the user from harming himself due to high temperatures Payment System- a program/app that allows the user to pay and keep track of the temperature that is provided to their insoles 2.1 Block Diagram Visual System (Display) Power System Module Heating System Figure 1. Top Level System Online Database Application (App) External Display (Bus stop) Payment System Power System Module Figure 2. Visual System Module block from Figure 1. 4

Battery Storage Solar Power Source External Power Source (Power Line) Power Control Module Figure 3. Power System Module block from Figure 1. Shoes Insoles Bus Platform Excess Energy (Solar Energy) 2.2 Block Diagram Figure 2. Power System Module Figure 4. Heating System Module block from Figure 1. 2.2.1 Visual System Module Block Descriptions Overall Summary: Total Heating System The visual system module will provide the user with a way to pay for using this product as well as provide the display of the temperature of the insoles. It will consist of an online database which can be accessed via an application (app) or external display at the bus stop. The application will be a program that will be accessible via smartphone or PC (external display) to monitor the payment system and the temperature of the insole. Overall, the visual system module controls the power system which turns on the induction heating and allows for the insoles to heat up. 5

Online Database: The online database is used in the visual system module. This database will store the personal information of the user, payment information of the users, the temperature the user is currently at when using the insoles/platform, as well as provide a log-in for the user. To create an online database we made an estimate of having roughly 50 people with roughly 8 different information slots for each user being credit card number, permanent address, username, full name, passwords, email address, temperature, and payment information. Application: The application is used in the visual system module. This encompasses most of the user information in a user-friendly manner. The application will be available on any smartphone and PC. The user will be able to access all of the information that can be found on the online database. External Display: The external display is used in the visual system module. We will use a display that will be a LCD/LED monitor roughly 22-23 wide with 1080p resolution for the bus stop. This allows for the users to essentially see all of the information provided on the application. A primary reason why an external display is in this system is because if a user forgets his or her smartphone he may be able to use the external display to pay or control the temperature. Payment System: The payment system is used in the visual system module. This system will provide for the user to pay for the Green Energy Bus Stop Heating System. As mentioned above there are two ways to pay for usage, using an application or external display. The user will have to pay a full ($50/year), a monthly payment of $10/month, or daily usage of $0.50/hr. It can be accessed via our application or our online database. 2.2.2 Power System Module Overall Summary: The power system module provides power via three different sources. Battery storage, solar power source, and external power source. Solar power source will come from the sun. The external power source will come from a power line. The battery storage will contain excess energy from the first two sources and will act as an additional power source. Overall, all of these three power systems provide power to bus platform and other miscellaneous parts of the bus stop. 6

Battery Storage Module The battery storage is used in the power system module. The primary function of the battery storage module is to store the excess energy that is created from the solar power source and store that energy or disperse that energy into different areas of the system that require power. Our battery capacity is 16.6 Amp-hour which is equal to.2 kilowatt-hour with the battery having a voltage of 12 Volts. If there is excess energy from the solar power, we will have it store power in the battery. If during the day, the solar power is not enough to charge the battery, then during night time we want to charge the battery via the power line since the cost of electricity will be lower. The battery is going to be utilized when there is not enough energy from the solar panels to power the bus stop platform. Solar Power Source Module The solar power source is used in the power system module. The primary function of this module is to provide power to the bus stop, LEDs, Concrete, etc. There will be a total of 1 solar panel with a power of 265 watts. Our solar cell efficiency will be depended on the time of day, hour, or any given time of the year. The dimensions of the solar panel will be 6 inches by 10 inches. External Power Source Module (Power Line) The external power source (power line) is used in the power system module. The primary function of this module is to provide power to the bus stop, LEDs, Concrete, if the solar power does not output enough power. However, the external power source will be our last option of powering our heating system. If during the day, the solar power and battery power is not sufficient, then the power line will provide energy for the heating system. If during the night, the battery power is not sufficient, then the power line will provide energy for the heating system as well as charging the battery. The power line will provide the system with a voltage of 110 volts AC. Power Control Module The power control module is used in the power system module and is the way of controlling which power source is being used. If during the day solar power is sufficient then then solar panel powers the bus stop platform. Additionally, if the solar energy is more than satisfactory, then we will use the excess energy to charge the battery and heat the concrete. If the solar energy is not sufficient then the control system will make sure if the battery is full. Whenever the battery is full, it will power the bus stop system. In case the battery is not full, the control module will select the power line to power the bus stop system. During night time, solar energy will not be an efficient source. Provided the battery source is charged, it will be the primary source of power for the bus stop system. If the battery does not provide enough power then the control module will use the power line as a source of power. On average after 9:00 PM to 5:00 AM the price of electricity drops. Thus, the control system module will charge the battery at this time interval. 7

2.2.3 Heating System Module Overall Summary: The heating system module is the process of heating an electrically conducting object by electromagnetic induction. This system provides heating to the user via induction heating. The bus platform receives its energy from a combination of the 3 power sources which provide energy for the platform. We have the insoles and platform interact with one another to create induction heating. Any excess energy that is not utilized via induction heating will be dispersed by several resistors around the platform. Bus Platform Module The bus platform module is used in the heating system module. The bus platform s primary function is to interact with the shoe insoles and to generate heat for the user via the heating system. The power for the bus platform module will come from the power system module. With an applied voltage of 15 volts and a current of 5 amps, we have determined that the bus platform module uses a maximum of 150 watts of power which will provide heating to 3-6 users. Each induction heating tile will have dimensions of 30 inches by 30 inches. The platform itself will have a total dimension of 114 inches by 30 inches. There will be a spacing of 12 inches in between each tile to achieve this result. Shoe Insoles Module The shoe insoles module is used in the heating system module. Primary function of the insoles is to interact with the bus platform and to generate heat to the user via the heating system. The shoes insoles will be insert-able into any shoe size. Copper pipes will be interconnected within the insoles, and it will interact with the induction heating pad. Excess Energy (Solar Energy) The excess energy module is created from the power that is provided from the excess solar power. If the battery from the power system module is not fully charged, then the excess energy will be used to charge the battery. However, if the battery is charged, excess energy will be turned into heat via resistors. The resistors will be positioned around the platform. This will heat the concrete around the bus stop platform. 8

2.3 Performance Requirement - The overall efficiency of the power system should be 75% to ensure that we provide enough power to the user(s). - The heating system should meet a max of 120 degrees Fahrenheit of heat so that it does not break a heat threshold and so that it will provide minimal heat damage. - Our system should efficiently implement all 3 sources of power together. - Application and external should work efficiently to provide the user with the required data. 3.0 Verification 3.1 Testing Procedures Visual System Module Online Database: To test the visual system module we can register a number of individuals at one point in time and have them pay for a given amount of usage of our system. We can also calculate our theoretical values for each member separately and compare it to the database values. If they are the same then the system is working fine and if it isn t then it s not working fine. Application: To test out the application we can perform a similar test to what we described in the online database. Additionally, we can test out that the buttons all function correctly on the application along with seeing whether all the necessary values are available for the user to see. Also perform very similar tests implemented in the online database testing. For example, we could perform a stress test where a large number of individual are using the application and whether a problem occurs with the program. External Display: To test the external display, have the user log into the external display(lcd/led monitor) and see if all of the functions are working properly. Payment System: To test the payment system we would see whether when a user pays for our service we see the right amount of money charged and stored in the payment system. 9

Power System Module Battery Storage Module To test the battery storage system we can see whether a sufficient amount of power is stored based on calculations that we perform beforehand. Solar Power Source Module The solar power source can be tested by testing the solar panel and seeing how much sun the solar panel is receiving and how much power output it is receiving. This will determine if this is enough power for the bus platform. We can test if the solar panel will work to the specifications that provided by the manufacturer. External Power Source Module To test the extra power source to turn off the solar power and battery power sources and see if the power line source will provide a required amount of power that we need to run the bus platform system. Power Control Module To test the control module we can see if it performs as stated in the block description. All functions that are working with the three power sources are programmed so that we know which source of power needs to be used and delivered to its proper location. Heating System Module Bus Platform Module To test the bus platform module we can make sure that it is receiving the correct amount of power without breaking the power or temperature thresholds. Shoe Insoles Module To test the shoe insole module we can see if the right amount of heat is being provided to the user and make sure that when the insoles are interacting with the bus platform module there are no altercations. Observe that the shoe insoles are not damaged by high temperatures from induction heating. Excess Energy The excess energy can be mainly tested to see if we are providing energy to the resistors to heat the concrete. We can also test if the excess energy is providing enough power to miscellaneous things in our system such as LEDs, bus stop external display, etc. 10

3.2 Tolerance Analysis The tolerance analysis will be based on the power control module. The goal of the tolerance analysis is to have the three power sources working simultaneously and having the power control system control these sources properly. A component that is operating within this tolerance is temperature. The control system module should work between the temperatures of -4º F to 140 º F. Testing this tolerance we can increase or decrease the temperature of the power control module to determine if it is functioning. 4.0 Cost and Schedule 4.1 Cost Analysis 4.1.1 Labor Name Hourly Rate Total Hours Invested Total = Hourly Rate x 2.5 x Total Hours Invested Kapadia $30.00 150 $11,250.00 Khabiboulline $30.00 150 $11,250.00 Yifei Teng $30.00 150 $11,250.00 Total $90.00 450 $33,750.00 4.1.2 Parts Item Quantity Cost(USD) Solar Panel 6x10 (265W) 1 $288.00 Inverter 110V-36V 1 $10.00 Battery 10 $60.00 LEDs 1 $12.00 Wire N/A $10.00 Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor N/A $30.00 Infrared Sensor 1 $20.00 Arduino Board 1 $50.00 Total N/A $480.00 11

4.1.3 Grand Total Section Total Labor $33,750.00 Parts $480.00 Total $34,230.00 4.2 Schedule Week Task Responsibility Hand in finalized proposal 9/15/14 Perform calculations Look for potential parts Determine data on power 9/2214 sources Mock Design Review Order parts ( Solar Panel, Arduino, etc. ) 9/29/14 Design preliminary solar panel testing Design Review Calculations regarding test procedures 10/6/14 Create area for bus stop Find parts for bus stop Order parts for bus stop 10/13/14 Design Application/program Design induction heating platform Work on induction heating and power implementation 10/20/14 Required information provided in the online database Design induction heating system/insoles Design battery storage 10/27/14 Test application with insoles Begin assembling full system Verify power provided is sufficient 12

11/03/14 Run test cases on each module Full communication with induction heating and insoles Check for power usage (bus stop, induction heating, etc. ) 11/10/14 Mock Up Demo Perform final tests before demo Check tolerances for final demo 11/17/14 Ensure Completion of modules Tolerance Analysis Verify specifications and requirements 11/24/14 Verify results Fix remaining issues Ensure completion of project 12/1/14 Prepare Demo/Paper/Presentation Prepare Demo/Paper/Presentation Prepare Demo/Paper/Presentation 12/8/14 Demo Presentation Final Paper 13