The PEV Market and Utility Charging Infrastructure Barbara Tyran Director, Washington & State Relations May 15, 2015
Integrated Grid Timeline Phase I Integrated Grid (IG) Paper Feb 2014 Phase 2 Benefit-Cost Assessment Feb 2015 Phase 3 IG Pilots 2015-16 Extensive Stakeholder Coordination in All Phases 2
The Integrated Grid is about Enabling the Customer The integrated grid allows Local Energy Optimization to become part of Global Energy Optimization. 3
Putting IG Framework to the Test Demonstration Pilots Utility Scale Solar Utility Scale Solar with Energy Storage Distributed Energy Storage Microgrids Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Customer-Side Technologies 4
Dec-10 Feb-11 Apr-11 Jun-11 Aug-11 Oct-11 Dec-11 Feb-12 Apr-12 Jun-12 Aug-12 Oct-12 Dec-12 Feb-13 Apr-13 Jun-13 Aug-13 Oct-13 Dec-13 Feb-14 Apr-14 Jun-14 Aug-14 Oct-14 Dec-14 Feb-15 Total Sales State of the PEV Industry: US cumulative sales (3/31/2015) 320,000 300,000 280,000 260,000 240,000 220,000 200,000 180,000 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 - Nissan GM Tesla Toyota Ford Other BMW PHEV/EREV BEV 5
State of the PEV Industry: new arrivals Make Model Type Body Style Battery (kwh) AER (miles) Launch BMW i3 BEV; REx 5 door hatchback 22 84/72 Q2 2014 Mercedes B-Class BEV 5 door hatchback 36 104 Q3 2014 BMW i8 PHEV Sports car 7.1 15 Q3 2014 KIA Soul BEV 5 door hatchback 27 95 Q4 2014 Porsche Cayenne PHEV SUV 10.8 22 Q4 2014 VW egolf BEV 5 door hatchback 24 83 Q4 2014 6
State of the PEV Industry a few thoughts Most Tesla Model S owners will be happy with 240V charging at home. Plug it in at night, sleep, and wake to a car ready for another 200-mile day. Beats pumping gas. Tesla Model S P85D. Car and Driver, Feb 2015: 52. Print. Audi, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Porsche are about to invest a combined $7.5B in new high-end electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids due out between 2018 and 2021. Their target: the American upstart from Silicon Valley. Kacher, Georg. Germany s Plan to Shock Tesla. Automobile, Feb 2015: 52. Print. 7
State of the PEV Industry Plug-in electric cars are here Tesla, Chevy Volt, and Nissan LEAF all have extremely high customer satisfaction ratings Long-distance travel is possible today What role do utilities play in high-power PEV charging? Impact of Tesla s sales Tesla s Model S is penetrating the Mercedes S-Class, the BMW 7- Series, Audi A8, etc. markets 8
State of the PEV Industry: the future Make Model Type Body Style Battery AER Launch Hyundai Sonata PHEV Sedan 9.8 22 Q1 2015 Mercedes S550e PHEV Luxury sedan 8.8 20 Q2 2015 Chevrolet Volt PHEV Hatchback 18.4 50 Q3 2015 BMW X5 PHEV SUV 9 20 Q3 2015 Mercedes GLE550e PHEV SUV 8.8 18 Q3 2015 Audi A3 etron PHEV Wagon 8.8 30 Q3 2015 Mercedes C350e PHEV Luxury sedan 6.2 20 Q4 2015 Tesla Model X BEV Crossover TBD 250 Q4 2015 Volvo XC90 T8 PHEV SUV 9.2 20 Q4 2015 Cadillac CT6 PHEV Luxury sedan TBD TBD Q1 2016 BMW 328e PHEV Luxury sedan TBD 22 Q1 2016 Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV Crossover TBD TBD Q2 2016 Audi Q7 etron PHEV SUV 17.3 25 Q4 2016 Chrysler Town & Ctry PHEV Minivan TBD TBD Q4 2016 Volvo V60 PHEV Wagon TBD TBD Q4 2016 Nissan Leaf BEV Hatchback TBD TBD Q4 2016 Chevrolet Bolt BEV Hatchback TBD 200 Q4 2017 VW CrossCoupe PHEV SUV 14.1 20 Q4 2017 Subaru Crosstek XV PHEV Crossover TBD TBD Q2 2018 Porsche Pajun BEV Luxury sedan TBD 220 Q4 2018 Jaguar F-Pace BEV Crossover TBD 300 Q2 2019 9
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure Background and Justification Why do utilities propose to own and/or operate PEV charging infrastructure? Hindsight 2010-2012 public investment (~$98M taxpayer): mixed results 2 big bankruptcies (Better Place and EcoTality) Remaining charging network is fragmented, often unreliable Broader stakeholder consideration for utility role in PEV charging Business goals Support PEV drivers Make sure charging stations are easy to use and reliable Better site and locate charging infrastructure to maximize utilization Reduce costs through scale Open up closed networks Mixture of environmental goals, economic goals, and development goals ZEV mandate and GHG reduction (California) Economic goals (Georgia) Develop PEV market (Kansas) 10
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure: utility actions Washington State: bill would allow utilities to earn 2% return while depreciating. Gift charging station to host IPL: $12M filing. Approved for $3M for distribution upgrades in public interest PG&E: $654M pilot filing. Rate base installation, ownership and operation of 25k stations at MuD, public, and workplaces. Provide market education SCE: $355M pilot filing. Rate base construction of up to 30k stubs in long dwell locations, provide rebates on stations and market education SDG&E: $103M pilot filing. Rate base 5.5k stations at MuDs and workplaces. Provide market education. Real time pricing for drivers plus delayed grid investment for all KCP&L: $20M shareholder funds. Own, operate, and maintain 1000 charging stations. No cost to host for installation or drivers for electricity for two years. Asking for cost recovery in parallel. Georgia Power: $12M to own, operate, and maintain 60 charging station islands. Provide $250 home charging rebate and $500 commercial charging station rebate as well as market education 11
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure: current pilot proposals Pacific Gas & Electric Co. Southern California Edison San Diego Gas & Electric Georgia Power Kansas City Power & Light Pilot Investment $654 M $355 M $103 M $12 M $20 M Charging Stations 25,000 stations, 100 DC Fast Up to 30,000 stations 5,500 stations 60 DC Fast 1,000 stations, 15 DC Fast Market Target Segment(s) Nonresidential Nonresidential long-dwell time locations Workplace and Multi-unit dwellings Company locations, public and workplace Public and workplace Rate Recovery Approach EV balancing account that annually gets rolled into distribution rates EV balancing account that annually gets rolled into distribution rates Rate Base TBD Shareholders until cost recovery is approved in rates Bill Impact 70 cents per month per customer 30 cents on $100 bill 12 Source: Eversource Energy
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure: how much should utility own? California Utility EV Service Connection EV Supply Infrastructure EV Charger Equipment Electricity Pacific Gas & Electric New service - utility owned Utility owned Utility owned and contracted to 3 rd party 3 rd party pays PG&E / drivers pay 3 rd party Southern Calif. Edison San Diego Gas & Electric New service - utility owned New service - utility owned Utility owned Site host owned Site host pays electric bill Utility owned Utility owned SDG&E real-time price to EV drivers 13 Source: PG&E / Eversource Energy
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure: shifting utility role Company State Action Status Georgia Power Georgia $12M Get Current Drive Electric PEV charging program. Installing 60 public charging islands (10 on GP property and 50 at partner sites) with DC FC and 2 Level 2 charging stations. Offering $250 rebate for L2 home installation and $500 rebate for commercial EVSE installation. Also has educational / awareness campaign. Kansas City Power and Light Kansas $20M to install 1,000 public and workplace L2 charging stations plus 15 DC fast chargers. Installed, owned, operated, and branded by utility. No cost to site host for installation or to customers for electricity for first two years. Each site will have 2 5 stations (4 to 10 plugs). Partnering with BMW, Ford, GM, Nissan, and Tesla. Basically KCP&L will own all charging infrastructure in metropolitan area. Initially paid for by utility shareholder funds, rates, and partners, but asking for cost recovery in parallel. State Utilities Washington Offer Washington utilities 2% rate of return on owning charging stations. Utility would install charging station and depreciate it over time. At end, utility would gift station to customer. IPL Indiana Requested $16M to pay for 250 charging stations in Indianapolis. Received $3M to extend power (distribution upgrades) to charging stations If in public interest. Xcel Minnesota Proposed low cost off-peak PEV rates ($0.033/kWh) from 9 PM to 9 AM for separately metered PEVs (full rate $0.06/kWh plus $5 monthly meter charge) Rebates available now. Installations expected by Q2 2015. Installations in process. Goal launch is summer 2015. Proposed in state legislature (HB 1853 - Utility incentive for EV charging infrastructure) Denied by Indiana PUC in Feb 2015 Filed with PUC (2/2015) BMW / VW / Chargepoint USA 100 DC fast charge stations along East Coast and West Coast Announced VW USA $10M in charging infrastructure including the above partnership as well as at VW dealers Announced 14
Utility PEV Charging Infrastructure: shifting utility role Utility Docket and Name $ (M) # of Charging Stations Overview and Key Components Specifics Filed / Estimated Decision PG&E A.15-02-009 PG&E Electric Vehicle Infrastructure and Education Program $654 25,000 (100 DC fast chargers) Rate base service, construction, installation, and operation of charging station network. Utility owned and 3 rd party-operated EVSEs. Utility determines tariff. Also includes market education. No cost to site host. PEV driver separately billed by third party. Focus on MUD, public, and workplaces. No Level 1. 10% dedicated to low-income communities. Will sell to EVSP at current TOU commercial rate. Feb 2015 / Nov 2015 SCE A.14-10-014 SCE Charge Ready and Market Education Program $355 30,000 (up to) Rate base support (service upgrades) and construction of up to 30k charging stubs (make-readies) between 2015 and 2020. Host determines customer price (rate), operations, and maintenance. Also includes market education. Pays for installation and provides varying rebate for EVSEs including Level 1 and Level 2. Focuses on long-dwell sites like workplace, fleet depots, destinations, and airports. $22M pilot with 1,500 stations. 26 charging banks per site. Oct 2014 / Summer 2015 SDG&E A.14-04-014 SDG&E Electric Vehicle-Grid Integration Pilot Program $103 5,500 Objective is using pricing with enabling technology to accomplish grid-integrated charging to provide benefits to all ratepayers by delaying infrastructure investment. The pilot will explore PEV drivers response to an innovative dynamic rate that reflects conditions on both the California ISO system and the local distribution grid. Apr 2014 / Summer 2015 15 Rate base service, construction, installation, and operation of charging station network between 2015 and 2020. Utility owned and third party contracted to build, install, maintain, and operate EVSEs. Utility determines tariff. Also includes market education. Focus on MUD and workplaces. Variable electricity rate for PEV charging based on CAISO dayahead price. Dynamic pricing signal to recover commodity capacity costs. Dynamic pricing signal to recover distribution costs. Includes app and website for customers. 10 charging banks per site.
Closing Thoughts Current Status Sales of PEVs passed 320,000 Low oil/gas prices No new models first half of 2015, but 7 new PEVs coming the latter half of 2015 6 new PEVs more coming in 2016 Infrastructure question More focus on workplace, multi-unit dwellings, and locations with long dwell time Less focus on short-term parking DC fast charging: how much is needed Continue Smart Charging R&D Customer questions What do PEV customers want? Where is mass market? 16
Together Shaping the Future of Electricity For more information contact: Barbara Tyran, btyran@epri.com 17