The energy-saving road Danish Road Directorate Dynatest NIRAS NCC Roads Ole-Jan Nielsen, NCC Roads Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 1
Purpose of the project 1. If possible to reduce energy consumption and therefore CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere by reducing the road pavement s contribution to the rolling resistance between tire and road. 2. Given a positive result under (1.), to influence the granting authorities to realise this gain through better funding for road maintenance. Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 2
Aims of the project 1. State-of-the-art international expertise, supplemented by own studies as required, to identify the road pavement s contribution to the rolling resistance bewteen tire and road. 2. Cost-benefit analysis for replacing the existing wearing course with an energy-saving wearing course. Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 3
Force distribution Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 4
The energy-saving road Rolling resistance: Texture Roughness Rigidity of road pavement Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 5
Texture - MPD ~ Mean Profile Depth The results of the ECRPD project have shown: When the texture of the road increases by 1 mm, rolling resistance increases by: 17% at 50 km/h 30% at 90 km/h ISO 13473-2 Bjarne Schmidt, VI, DK NCC 2012-06-26 7
IRI - International Roughness Index The results of the ECRPD project have shown: When the roughness of the road increases by 1 m per kilometre, rolling resistance increases by: 2% at 50 km/h 6% at 90 km/h Bjarne Schmidt, VI, DK Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 8
Concrete roads save fuel? Fuel consumption will be cut by 1.1% if the road surfacing consists of concrete instead of asphalt. Shown by a study conducted by VTI north of Uppsala in Sweden VTI Sverige Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 9
Kraft, kn Deflektion, my Kraft, kn Energy loss during deformation km 54.29, drop 6 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 Deflektion Kraft 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0-10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Tid, msec 60 50 40 30 20 10 0-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180-10 Deflektion, my Dr. techn. Per Ullidtz, Dynatest DK Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 10
Why focus on MPD and IRI? All other things being equal, more rigid road pavements will have less rolling resistance than less rigid road pavements. Compared to the total driving resistance, the influence on rolling resistance from deformation represents only a small percentage of the overall rolling resistance, and only for heavy vehicles. Dr. techn. Per Ullidtz, Dynatest DK Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 11
Rolling resistance and fuel Equipment for measuring rolling resistance TU Gdansk A 10% reduction in rolling resistance will reduce fuel consumption by 3%. Bjarne Schmidt, VI, DK Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 12
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4 4.4 4.8 5.2 5.6 6 6.4 6.8 mere km vej Km vej Potential fuel saving on the trunk road network in Denmark 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Fordeling MPD (mm) Statsvejsnettet 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 MPD mm Fordeling IRI m/km Statsvejsnettet MPD > 0,6 Reducing MPD to 0.6 and IRI to 0.9 will save: 48 million litres of fuel per year ~ 3.3% 2500 2000 1500 IRI > 0,9 1000 500 0 IRI m/km Connie Nielsen PhD, NIRAS, DK Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 13
Friction Noise-reducing wearing course SRS 1 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 13 stk. R² = 0,0017 0 0 0,5 1 1,5 MPD Danish Road Institute Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 14
Benefits per year Fuel saving: 48 million litres GHG emissions: Reduced by 45,000 tonnes CO 2 equivalents NOx and SO 4 emissions: Reduced by 76 tonnes Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 15
Value of benefits per year Fuel saving: DKK 250 10 DKK 410 24 million CO 2 emissions: DKK 31 million NOx emissions: DKK 28 million Total DKK 309 469 million Calculation standard from The Danish Energy Agency Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 16
Danish Road Directorate s expected budget Road surfacing budget MDKK Total value of savings per year 309 Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 17
The energy-saving road A technical report A socio-economic report Both in Danish and English Download from www.ncc.dk/greenroad Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 18
What do we do now? Have applied for and been granted MDKK 13.8 (17.0) for a four-year project from the Danish Strategic Research Council Sustainable transport and infrastructure Development and modelling of new road surfaces for the sustainable transport solutions of tomorrow Ole-Jan Nielsen ViaNordica 2012 12. juni 2012 19