Proposed revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.23-2010 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC LOCKS SPONSOR BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. Revision O 5/12/2016 Revision P 7/7/2016 Revision Q 9/13/2016 Formatted: Font: Not Bold
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard is permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards receive current information on all standards by calling or writing The American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York, 10017 Copyright 2016 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduced without specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was developed by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. It was approved by ANSI under the canvass method. BHMA was accredited on 21 March 1983 as a sponsor using the Canvass Method. 2
FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/BHMA A156.23) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectional classification system has been established. Electromagnetic locks is one such section and this Standard is the result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture these products. The total product standards effort is therefore, a collection of sections, each covering a specific category of items. Strength, cycle, operational tests and where it has been necessary, material and dimensional requirements have been established to insure safety and stability to which the public is entitled. There are no restrictions on design except for those dimensional requirements imposed for the reasons given above. This Standard is not intended to obstruct but rather to encourage the development of improved products, methods and materials. The BHMA recognizes that errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products and methods will be developed. With this in mind the Association plans to update, correct and revise these Standards on a regular basis. It shall also be the responsibility of manufacturers to request such appropriate revisions. The BHMA numbers which indicate functions of electromagnetic locks do not identify size or design and are not intended to be used without necessary supplementary information. Individual manufacturer's catalogs should be consulted. 3
TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1. SCOPE... 5 2. DEFINITIONS... 5 3. GENERAL... 6 4. TEST METHODS... 6 5. STRENGTH TESTS... 9 6. ELECTRICAL TESTS... 10 7. CYCLE TEST... 11 8. FINISH TESTS... 14 9. EXPLANATION OF IDENTIFYING NUMBERS... 15 10. TYPICAL ILLUSTRATIONS, AND TYPE NUMBER DESCRIPTIONS... 16 APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF ANSI/BHMA A156.23)... 19 4
1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard establishes requirements for electromagnetic locks and includes cyclical, dynamic, operational, strength and finish tests. This product is used for access control. 1.2 Tests described in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage, results vary because of installation, maintenance, and environmental conditions. 1.3 No lock can provide complete security by itself. Locks may be defeated by forcible or technical means, or evaded by entry elsewhere on the property. No lock can substitute for caution, awareness of your environment, and common sense. Builders hardware is available in multiple performance grades to suit the application. In order to enhance security and reduce risk, consult a qualified locksmith or other security professional. 1.4 Grade Qualifications Two classifications of tests are described in this Standard, Operational and Security. Manufacturers shall indicate the Grade level. A Grade 1 product shall meet all Grade 1 criteria, a Grade 2 product shall meet all Grade 2 criteria, and a Grade 3 product shall meet all Grade 3 criteria in each classification. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Electromagnetic Lock. An electrically powered lock. It locks or unlocks a door by the activation or deactivation of an electromagnet coupled to an armature. 2.1.1 Direct Pull The mounting arrangement of an electromagnetic door lock whereby an opening force applied to the face of the door is directly opposed by the attraction of the magnet and armature along an axis perpendicular to the face of the door, which is obtained when the contact plane between magnet and armature is parallel to the door face. 2.1.2 Shear Lock The mounting arrangement of an electromagnetic door lock whereby the attraction between electromagnet and armature moves one or the other (usually the smaller armature) not only into contact with each other but also into a position of mechanical restraint by a third member which prevents sliding separation (shear) of the magnet and armature along their contact plane. To unlock, the moving member is then retracted into its original resting position by mechanical, magnetic, gravitational, or other force. 2.2 Armature A plate attracted by the energized electromagnet component of the lock and when in contact with the magnet, resistant to being separated from the magnet. Also called a strike. 2.3 Indoor-Only Electromagnetic locks which are not suitable for continuous exposure to an outdoor environment. 2.4 Rated Voltage The voltage in which the electromagnetic lock is to be used and the same voltage in which the electromagnetic lock is tested under section 5.1 Strength Test. 5
3. GENERAL 3.1 An electromagnetic lock shall be listed or labeled by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory, and be subject to a periodic in-plant follow-up inspection service. 3.2 Tolerances. Where only minus tolerances are given, the dimensions are permitted to be exceeded at the option of the manufacturer. 3.3 Reference to other Standards. ANSI Standards are available from the American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036 or www.buildershardware.com. 3.4 Values. Required values in this Standard are given in US units. The SI (metric) equivalents are approximate. 3.5 Codes. Electromagnetic locks are not permitted on some doors within a means of egress. Consult applicable building codes and ANSI/NFPA 101 Life Safety Code. 3.6 Options. When specified, electromagnetic locks shall be equipped with one or more options (consult individual manufacturer's catalogs). These shall consist of switches, special electronic circuits, or a combination of both that are utilized to monitor and indicate locked, unlocked or open door, and magnetic holding force. When supplied they shall be subject to tests as required in 5. 3.7 Use on Fire Doors. Electromagnetic locks used on labeled fire door assemblies shall be listed or labeled for fire doors by a nationally recognized independent testing laboratory, and be subject to a periodic in-plant follow-up inspection service. 3.8 Power Requirements. Electromagnetic locks shall be operated by direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current. Locks requiring power in excess of 30 VAC RMS (volts alternating current root mean square) or 42.5 VDC RMS shall be supplied with a junction box in accordance with the National Electric Code ANSI/NFPA 70-2008. 4. TEST METHODS 4.1 Test Specimens. Locks for testing shall be selected at random from the manufacturer's finished stock. Use separate samples for each test, four total. Additional parts are also required for the Appearance Finish tests as described. No sample is required for indoor-only products in the Operational Salt Spray Test, 4.2.5. 4.2 Failure Criteria 4.2.1 Cycle and Operational Tests. One lock shall be tested for all cycle and operational tests and failure of any one test constitutes failure of all tests in this category. 4.2.2 Dynamic Test. One lock shall be tested for the dynamic test and separation of the armature and the lock constitutes failure of this test. 4.2.3 Strength Test. One lock shall be tested for the strength test and separation constitutes failure of this test. 4.2.4 Appearance Finish Tests. One armature and one outside lock body shall be tested for each finish being tested. Failure of any part shall constitute a failure of that finish. 6
4.2.5 Operational Salt Spray Test. One lock shall be tested and failure constitutes failure of the test. This test is not applicable to locks designated for indoor-only usage. 4.3 Test Equipment 4.3.1 The Operational Tests and the Cycle Tests shall be performed on 3 ft x 7 ft x 1 3/4 in (915 x 2130 x 45 mm) solid wood core or steel doors and 16 gauge (.053 min) steel frames. The doors and frames shall be rigid enough to hold the lock firmly and to withstand the tests outlined. Doors shall be hung on heavy duty ball bearing hinges or pivots and shall be equipped with a size 3 hydraulic door closer. 4.3.2 The Strength Test 5.1, shall be conducted using a tension loading device where the load is applied directly and at a rate not slower than a 10 lbf (44 N) per second nor faster than a 20 lbf (90 N) per second. Locks shall be installed in accordance with Figure 2 of this Standard and using the mounting hardware supplied by the manufacturer. 4.3.3 Measuring equipment shall consist of commercial torque meters, force meters and load dynamometers and tension loading devices capable of a combined calibration and reading accuracy within 5% to obtain test data as specified in the applicable performance tests. A linear measuring gauge accurate to reading within ±0.005 in. (0.13 mm) to obtain test data as specified. 4.3.4 Required values in this Standard are given in US units. The SI (metric) equivalents are approximate. All values which do not carry specific tolerances or are not marked maximum or minimum shall have the following tolerances: Linear dimensions shall be ± 1/16 in (1.6 mm). Pounds or pound force shall be ± 5%. Angular measurements shall be ± 4 degrees. Voltage measurements shall be ± 5 percent. Temperature measurements shall be ± 4 degrees F (± 2 degrees C). Relative humidity shall be ± 5 percent. 4.3.5 The Residual Magnetism Test (6.1) shall be performed using the door set-up specified in 4.3.1 and the Figure below. A power supply capable of generating 12 or 24 VDC shall be used to provide power to the test lock and the continuity circuit. A switch assembly shall be provided for interruption of the power to the lock circuit without disruption of power to the continuity circuit. An oscilloscope shall be connected to both circuits for the purpose of monitoring the voltage level at each circuit. The oscilloscope should be set to produce waveforms of the voltage to the lock and continuity circuit simultaneously. Measurements on the oscilloscope should be taken from the trailing edge of the drop in voltage on the lock circuit waveform to the trailing edge of the drop in voltage to the continuity circuit waveform. 7
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5. STRENGTH TESTS 5.1 Strength Test Prepare the test specimen in accordance with 4.3.2. Energize the lock for 15 minutes at room temperature at its rated voltage + 2%. Test multiple voltage rated products at both the minimum and maximum voltage. At a rate between 10 lbf (44 N) and 20 lbf (90 N) per second, apply tension until 20 lbf (90 N) is reached, maintain for 30 seconds, then record voltage and current. Continue increasing tension at a rate between 10 lbf (44 N) and 20 lbf (90 N) per second until the intended holding force grade is reached and record voltage and current after 30 seconds. The specimen passes if there is no separation. 5.2 Preloaded Door Test (Warped Door) Energize the test specimen at 125% rated voltage per 4.3.1. Place a 50 lbf (222 N) load perpendicular to the door at a point 1 in. (25.4 mm) from the lock edge of the door and on the center line of the normal latch bolt location, in the direction of opening. De-energize the test specimen. The door shall swing open within one second when de-energized. 5.3 Dynamic Test. Prepare the test specimen in accordance with 4.3.1. Energize the lock at its rated voltage + 2% and lock the door in the closed position. Test in accordance with 201.1 and 201.2 of ASTM F 476-14. Lock must not separate when subjected to five impacts per the requirements specified in 5.7. See Figure 1. Requirements as specified in 5.7. 5.4 Under Voltage Test. The lock shall operate as intended while energized at 85% of its rated voltage. The holding force shall not be less than that given in requirements as specified in 5.7. 5.5 Operational Salt Spray Test (Does not apply to Indoor-only) This test shall be conducted in accordance with ANSI/BHMA A156.18-2012 for Materials and Finishes. The entire lock assembly shall be tested unlocked and positioned in the normal installation orientation. After 96 Hours exposure, remove the sample, wash under running water, and allow to dry for 24 hours. The lock shall then operate at 85% of its rated holding force as specified in 5.7. 5.6 Ambient Temperature Test. After four hours exposure to the temperatures given below without power applied during the high and low ambient temperature exposure, the lock shall meet the strength test at its ranking at the rated voltage for the tested lock. Remove from the chamber, apply power and test within 10 minutes. The holding force shall not be less than Requirements as specified in 5.7. High - 0 F/C Low - 0 F/C Indoor-Only 120/49 32/0 All others 151/66-31/-35 5.7 Requirements (All Grades) Grade Holding Force lbf. (N) Dynamic Test Joules (5 blows) Under Voltage Operational Salt Spray Ambient Temp Test Cycles 3 500 (2224 N) 45 425 lbf (1890 N) 9 425 lbf 500 1 million
2 1000 (4448 N) 1 1500 (66728897 N) Specify 2000 and grade 1 plus above in suffix 500 lb. increments only Grade 3 2 1 Specify grade 1 plus suffix 5.1 Strength 500 (2224) 1000 (4448 N) 1500 (6672 N) 2000 and above in 500 lb. increments only 68 850 lbf (3780 N) 95 1275lbf (56710 N) Holding Force times.07 Holding Force times.85 Holding Force - lbf (N) 5.4 Under Voltage 425 (1890) 850 (3780) 1275 (5671) Holding force times.85 5.5 Salt Spray 425 (1890) 850 (3780) 1275 (5671) Holding force times.85 850 lbf 1000 1 million 1275lbf 1500 1 million Holding Force times.85 5.6 Ambient Temperature 500 (2224) 1000 (4448 N) 1500 (6672 N) Holding force times 1.0 Holding Force times 1.0 5.3 Dynamic Test (Joules) 1 million 7.1 Cycles 45 1 Million 68 1 Million 95 1 Million Holding force times.07 1 Million 6. ELECTRICAL TESTS 6.1 Residual Magnetism Test. Set-up the test according to 4.3.4 and power the test lock for 24 hours. At the end of the 24 hour period and before power to the magnet is switched off, apply a 4 lbf (18N) weight to the door at 30 in (762 mm) from the pivot center and 40 in (1016 mm) from the bottom of the door providing force perpendicular to the door in the direction of swing to separate the door from the magnet. Once the weight is in place, disconnect the power to the magnet and measure the time difference between the two waveforms on the oscilloscope in order to determine your residual magnetism time. Requirement: Within 0.5 seconds: 4 lbf (18 N) 10
6.2 Over Voltage Test. The lock shall withstand over voltage requirement below continuously for 24 hours without damage to the coil. Requirement: 125% of Rated Voltage 6.3 Inductive Kickback Test. Connect the lock through a switch to a power supply of the rated voltage as shown in Figure 3. If designed to operate at more than one voltage, the test lock shall be configured for the highest operating voltage. Use a storage oscilloscope with a minimum single shot bandwidth of 200 megahertz with a ten mega-ohm probe set to trigger on the falling edge of the supply voltage. Open the switch and record the captured trace. Peak voltage shall not exceed the value below. Requirement: Peak voltage not to exceed 53 volts 6.4 Dielectric Voltage Withstand Test. The product shall meet the requirement below after application of the test voltage. Test voltage is to be applied: (1) Between all live parts and enclosures, and (2) Between live parts of the circuits operating at different potentials or at different frequencies. The electrical connections between circuits shall be disconnected before application of the test potential. The test voltage can be either an AC (40-70Hz) or DC test voltage that corresponds to the products input rating in the table below. The test voltage is to be applied at an increasing rate of approximately 200V per minute from 0V until the test voltage level is reached and is to be held at that voltage for 1 minute. Product input rating AC dielectric test voltage DC dielectric test voltage 0 to 30VAC rms / 42.4VDC or AC peak 500VAC 707VDC 31 to 250VAC rms 1000VAC 1414VDC Greater than 250VAC rms 1000VAC plus 2 times the products rated voltage 1414VDC plus 2.828 times the products rated AC rms voltage Requirement: No Breakdown 6.5 Temperature Rise Test shall be conducted in accordance with UL 1034 Sixth edition, Section 42. Requirement: 70 o F + 5 to 160 o F maximum (21 o C + 2 to 71 o C maximum) at steady state temperature. 6.6 Power consumption rating shall be indicated by wattage at intended holding force load as measured in 5.1. A power index can be used within the Type Number and is calculated using the values measured in 5.1 within the following formula. The power index can only be expressed in 11 Formatted: Font: Bold
the Type Number if the resulting value can be properly rounded to a non-zero natural number. Multiple voltage rated products shall indicate the lowest power index rating as tested in 5.1Power Consumption Rating Shall be indicated by both wattage with a nominal 20 pound holding force applied to door, and wattage at rated holding force load as measured in 5.1, and indicated by a suffix shown in paragraph 9. A power index shall be calculated by the following formula and indicated as shown in paragraph 9: 12
7. CYCLE TEST 7.1 Using the test equipment described in 4.3.1, apply a horizontal 15 lbf (67 N) 30 in (762 mm) from the pivot center and 40 in (1016 mm) from the bottom of the door in the direction of door swing. De-energize the lock and open the door. Allow the door closer to cause the door to close and then re-energize the lock. Repeat this cycle until the number of cycles specified have been completed. Cycles per minute shall not exceed 30, unless an increased rate is agreed to between the manufacturer and laboratory. Cycle Test Requirements: 7.2 At the conclusion of the Cycle Test: All Grades 1,000,000 Cycles 7.2.1 Conduct Electrical Tests 6.1 thru 6.4. 7.2.2 Conduct Strength Tests 5.1, except holding force shall not be less than 85% of the product s grade or listed holding force value 7.2.3 Conduct Preloaded Warped Door Test 5.2. 13
8. FINISH TESTS 8.1 These requirements do not predict the performance life of finishes in actual use but are used as a quality control method to ensure consistent finish quality. Electromagnetic locks shall be tested unlocked with the lock and the armature separated. Finish tests shall be conducted in accordance with ANSI/BHMA A156.18-2012 for Materials and Finishes. 8.2 Salt Spray Test. Requirements: All finishes on the outside case of locks, mounting hardware, and armatures: 8.3 Humidity Test Requirements: Organic coatings on outside case of locks, mounting hardware, and armatures: 24 Hours 48 Hours 14
9. EXPLANATION OF IDENTIFYING NUMBERS 9.1 First letter denotes BHMA Product Section (E). 9.2 First numeral is indoor or outdoor type designation : 0 All except Indoor -only, 1 Indoor Only 9.3 Second numeral identifies the type of product: 8 - Electromagnetic Locks 9.4 Third and fourth numerals are product types based mainly on the mounting location and whether they are direct pull or shear designs: 50 through 99 are reserved for electromagnetic locks in various types. 9.5 Fifth numeral designates the grade of the item: 1 is highest. 9.6 Select the appropriate level of holding force for the applications above 1500 pounds, and specify by a suffix -holding force rating in 500 pound increments, i.e. -2000. 9.7 Power Consumption Rating based on 6.6. 9.8 Power Index based on 6.6. 9.8 Example of identifying number: E18501-2000-36&23-0.9 9.8 Example of identifying number: E18501-2000-P1 E Section (E) 1 Indoor Only 8 Type of Product (Electromagnetic Lock) 50 Type Number as above 1 Grade (Grade 1) -2000 Holding Force Grade (if applicable) -P1 Power Index (7.2 Watt lock with an intended holding force of 2000 lbs) E Section (E) 1 Indoor Only 8 Type of Product (Electromagnetic Lock) 50 Type Number as above 1 Grade (Grade 1) -2000 Holding Force Grade (if applicable) -36&23 Wattage (Holding Force Grade & 20 lbf (90 N) Load rounded to the nearest whole number) - 0.9 Power Index 15
10. TYPICAL ILLUSTRATIONS, AND TYPE NUMBER DESCRIPTIONS In all cases, specify holding force and voltage, and whether DC or AC is required. For availability, consult individual manufacturers catalogs. E08501 Lock mounted on header. Armature mounted on push side of door E08511 Double lock mounted on header for pairs of doors. Armatures mounted on push side of doors. E08521 Lock with housing extending across full width of header. Armature mounted on push side of door. One or two locks with full length housing. E08531 Lock mounted on face of header. Armature mounted on pull side of door with an angle bracket. E08541 Lock mounted on header. Armature mounted on push side of glass door with a special mounting bracket. 16
E08551 Lock with housing extending along the full height of lock jamb. Armature mounted on push side of door. One or two locks with full length housing. E08561 Shear lock mounted on face of header. Armature mounted on push or pull side of door as specified with an angle bracket. Lock and armature are in shear (parallel) contact when locked. E08571 Shear lock is mortised in header. Armature recessed in top of door. For out swinging doors. Lock and armature are in shear (parallel) contact when locked. E08581 Shear lock is mortised in header. Armature is mortised in top of door. For center hung single or double acting doors as specified. Lock and armature are in shear (parallel) contact when locked. E08591 Shear lock mortised in lock jamb. Armature mortised in edge of door. Lock and armature are in shear (parallel) contact when locked. Door side Frame side 17
E08601 Shear lock recessed in bottom of door or floor. Armature recessed in floor or bottom of door. Specify whether or not threshold is to be used. Lock and armature are in shear (parallel) contact when locked. 18
APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF ANSI/BHMA A156.23) A-1 Radio frequency interference criteria are not included in this Standard but is of concern to the user. A-2 The Inductive Kick Back Test verifies suppression of peak voltage. Components used in connection with electromagnetic locks should be protected accordingly. A-3 While not covered in this Standard, optional control switching circuits are to be functional under a temperature range of 0 degrees F (-18 C) to 150 degrees F (66 C). A-4 Electromagnetic locks are frequently used in connection with delayed egress locks permitted under certain circumstances and in certain occupancies. Consult local code criteria. A-5 Use of the test method for holding force found in 5.2 is applicable to any electromagnetic lock when a greater or lesser holding force than specified in this Standard is asserted. A-6 Special functions are sometimes available. Consult individual manufacturers catalogs. A-7 Conformance Criteria. Certification that products offered meet the requirements of this Standard and conform to the individual manufacturer's drawings, specifications, standards and quality assurance practices are available and in some circumstances are required. Buyer requirements determine the need for proof of conformance such as first article inspection, test laboratory reports, or listings. Specifiers requiring assertions of conformance utilize statements of conformance by individual manufacturers, or test reports acceptable to the buyer. A-8 Preservation, Packaging and Packing. Unless other arrangements between buyer and seller are made, preservation, packaging and packing should be sufficient to protect containers and their contents under normal shipping and handling conditions from the source of supply to the destination point. A-9 Marking. Unless other arrangements between buyer and seller are made, marking shall be in accordance with the individual manufacturer's standard practice. A-10 Conformance to Other Standards. This Standard, contains requirements for products to be listed by nationally recognized independent testing laboratories. Such laboratories require conformance to other standards including ANSI/UL 1034, Burglary Resistant Electromagnetic Locks, ANSI/UL 10B, Fire Tests of Door Assemblies, or ANSI/UL 10C, Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Door Assemblies in addition to ANSI/BHMA A156.23. A-11 Signals to a central or local panel that indicate locked, unlocked, magnetic holding force, or door open conditions may be provided as options. Smoke and fire detectors, water flow sensors, seismic disturbance indicators, and other signaling devices may be provided to release the lock under emergency conditions. A-12 Status Indicators can sense the locked or unlocked condition of the magnetic locks; magnetic bond sensors are an electromagnet lock status feature that senses the degree of magnetic holding force. 19
Note: Shear application shown for illustration purposes only; mount actual test specimens per manufacturer s instructions. FIGURE 1 Dynamic Strength Test Setup 20
FIGURE 2 Strength or Rated Holding Force Setup FIGURE 3 Inductive Kickback Test Setup 21