Side Impact Protection
Agenda Improved Concepts for Side Impact Protection Traffic Accidents and Side Crashes General Characteristics of Side Crashes Typical Injuries in Side Crashes Protection Strategy Protection Devices 2
Examples Side Impact: deformation or impact direction is directed against the side of the car 3
Accidentology Accidentology (German Federal Statistical Office) Deaths in Germany in 2003 Disease of it coronary of it lung cancer Traffic Accidents Europe 2001 Others Traffic Accidents in Germany Household Accidents Violence Industrial Accident Sports- & Leisure Accident 853.946 92.673 58.000 42.000 6.759 6.684 6.240 2.541 551 187-10.000 20.000 30.000 40.000 50.000 60.000 70.000 80.000 90.000 100.000 Traffic accidents seized by the police in 2003: 2,259,567 Of it with injured people: 354,534 of it with material damage: 1,905,033 Deaths in frontal crash (Europe): 11,760 lateral crash: 10,500 4
Accidentology, (, (Most Common Side Impact Scenarios) Side Impact: the side of one of the colliding partners is deformed Pole Impact Incorrect Turning Intersection Accident Motorcycle Accident 5
Side Impact, MBS simulation (FMVSS 214) 6
Injuries Sequence of contact between structure and occupant (common scenario) 1 st contact: door trim to thorax and or pelvis 2 nd contact: door trim to legs 3 rd contact: head itself hits top roll region of door, or head hits B (C pillar), or goes through window and hits front of striking vehicle Injuries Head Neck, serious injuries are not frequent Thorax Abdomen Pelvis Lower limbs, lateral bending of femur is frequently observed Head, very frequent and severest injuries (skull fracture) due to direct contact Thorax, consequences of rib fractures are a common cause of severest injuries Abdomen, injuries of organs due to localised loading (liver, splenic laceration) Pelvis, very commonly injured, mostly fractured (pubic ring, iliac wing fractures) 7
Protection Strategy Demands for Side Impact Protection Head Protection Soften Impact of Head Energy Absorbing Device e.g. Curtain Airbag Motorcycle Accident protect motorcyclist Protection of Occupant s Body Manage energy transferred at contact Accelerate occupant and soften impact Implement energy absorbing devices Press on seat at the earliest stage possible Provide best contact between occupant and seat Provide stiff coupling of seat and floor Provide lateral stiffness of seat Limit intrusion of hitting structure (no squeeze) Limit relative movement of door Stiffen up door itself Improve stiffness of pillars and rockers 8
Protection Devices, Crash Pads Wood Fiber Crash Pad Injection Molded Crash Cones MBS simulation determines properties of parts in an early development stage Pelvis pad Thorax pad 10000 5000 9000 8000 4000 Force [N] 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 Force [N] 3000 2000 1000 0 0,00 0,05 0,10 0,15 0,20 0,25 Deformation [m] 0 0 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 Deformation [m] 9
Protection Devices, Head Airbag in Door Trim Side Impact Head Airbag: lid opens outboard to window 10
Protection Devices, Ripping Behaviour of Foils Impactor 40,0 mm Sample with laserweakening 60,0 mm 18 16 only substrate A0 (V35, 36, 37, 38) 14 12 A4 (V8, 7, 4, 3, 1) Velocity km/h 10 8 6 only Foil,B. oblack PE 014 (V41, 45) only Foil, B. CrossF 04 (V 8,7,4,3) 4 2 0 0,000 0,002 0,004 0,006 0,008 0,010 0,012 0,014 Time Seconds 11