Southern Californ PI ug- n Electric Readiness

~~ I~usE~in School of Public Affairs.,~ IIII -I -~rr «' it Southern Californ PI ug- n Electric Readiness

Southern California Plug-in Electric Vehicle Readiness Plan About this Document This document was prepared for the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) by the UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation. It constitutes Deliverable 10 of SCAG contract 12-021-C1 to support regional planning for plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) adoption. SCAG is coordinating amulti-stakeholder group of government agencies, utilities, and university researchers to prepare multi-faceted and interdisciplinary regional PEV readiness plans. Among other purposes, these plans will help illuminate and guide strategic infrastructure investment, PEV-related economic development, and supportive policy design in Southern California. Disclaimer This report was prepared as a result of work sponsored, paid for, in whole or in part, by a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Award to the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD). The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of AQMD or the DOE. The AQMD and DOE, their officers, employees, contractors, and subcontractors make no warranty, expressed or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report. The AQMD and DOE have not approved or disapproved this report, nor have the AQMD or DOE passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information contained herein. This document was prepared as a result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission. It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees, or the State of California. The Commission, the State of California, its employees, contractors, and subcontractors make no warranty, express or implied, and assume no legal liability far the information in this document; nor does any party represent that the use of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. Acknowledgements We thank the Southern California Association of Governments, the South Coast Air Quality Management District, U.S. Department of Energy, and the California Energy Commission for support of this project. In particular, we thank Marco Anderson of SCAG, Patricia Kwon of SCAQMD and the other governmental and utility members of the SoCal PEV Coordinating Council for their guidance and assistance. We also thank the University of California Office of the President Multicampus Research Programs and Initiatives for its support. For More Information Contact J.R. DeShazo, Director, UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation, deshazo@ucla.edu; luskin.ucla.edu/ev ~~~.~ Luskin School of Public Affairs Luskin Center

~ r. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR 1.R. DeShazo, Ph.D. PROJECT MANAGER Ayala Ben-Yehuda SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND CARTOGRAPHY Norman Wong DESIGN AND LAYOUT Susan Woodward COVER DESIGN Will Sherwood CONTRIBUTORS Vicky Hsu Patricia Kwon Benjamin Nguyen ton Overman Tamar Sarkisian Michael Sin Alex Turek Brett Williams, MPhil (cantab), Ph.D. Christian Zarate

~ ~.. - r- fi +~ _ F. ~ ~s ~ s ~ it... -,,. fi.~.~,~- ~ ~ z f Contents 1 Introduction... ------- --- ---...- - -- ---...1 1.1 How to use this Plan... 2 1.2 The Southern California Plug-in Electric Vehicle Atlas...3 1.3 Utility PEV growth projections...4 2 The PEV Ecosystem...5 2.1 Introduction...5 2.2 Shopping for a PEV...5 2.3 Refueling atsingle-family homes...6 2.4 Refueling at multi-unit dwellings...7 2.5 Refueling at workplaces, retail, and public places...8 2.6 The role of government...9 3 PEVs and Charging Basics...11 3.1 Introduction...11 3.2 Emerging PEV trends... 11 3.2.1 Battery electric vehicles...13 3.2.2 Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles...13 3.3 Charge levels... 14 3.3.1 Level 1... 15 3.3.2 Level 2... 15 3.3.3 DC fast charging... 16 3.3.4 Multi-armed chargers... 16 3.4 Charging environments... 17 3.5 Finding charge stations... 17 3.6 References...19 4 Evaluating Land Use Opportunities and Existing Charge Stations...20 4.1 Introduction...20 4.2 Identifying local land use priorities for PEV readiness...20 4.2.1 Steps and assumptions in land use/parking analysis...21 4.3 Conventional wisdom on charging sites vs. municipal land use priorities... 22 4.4 State, regional, and local land use planning metrics...23 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

4.4.1 Estimates of parking space counts by land use...23 4.4.2 Estimating shares of parking spaces by land use...24 4.4.3 Spatial density of parking spaces by land use... 24 4.5 The base of the pyramid: assessing residential potential...24 4.5.1 Single-family homes in Los Angeles County...25 4.5.2 Multi-unit dwellings... 26 4.6 Workplace charging in the parking/land use assessment...28 4.7 Publicly-accessible charging opportunities... 29 4.7.1 Council of government charge station maps...29 4.7.2 A regional overview of publicly-accessible charge stations...31 4.7.3 Types of charging site owners...31 4.7.4 Types of charging sites... 31 4.8 Charging locations for long-distance travel... 33 4.9 Recommendations... 33 4.10 References...33 5 Demand-driven PEV Planning and Single-Family Residential Charging...34 5.1 Introduction... 34 5.2 Assessing the single-family home charging opportunity...35 5.3 Where will PEVs be parked overnight?...35 5.4 Where will PEVs be parked during the day?...38 5.5 How significant a land use are single-family homes in my jurisdiction?...39 5.5.1 Ranking cities bysingle-family residential counts... 39 5.5.2 Ranking cities by single-family vs. other uses...40 5.6 The single-family charging installation process...42 5.7 PEV planning reduces the cost of electric driving...43 5.8 References...46 6 Planning for Charging in Multi-Unit Dwellings...47 6.1 Introduction...47 6.2 Planning metrics for MUD charging...47 6.2.1 Ranking cities by MUD counts...48 6.2.2 Ranking cities by MUDS vs. other uses...49 6.2.3 Measuring MUD charging potential within cities...51 6.3 Mapping MUD charging potential at the COG level...52 6.4 The PEV Charging Installation Process in MUDS...54 6.5 Barriers to charging in MUDs...55 6.5.1 Insfitutional and physical barriers to PEV charging...55 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

6.5.2 MUD cost recovery rules...56 6.6 Financial viability of multi-unit dwelling charging...56 6.6.1 How much resident demand will there be for PEV charging?...57 6.6.2 How should the MUD owner price PEV charging?...58 6.6.3 How much charging capacity should the MUD owner provide?...58 6.6.4 Financial viability scenarios...58 6.6.5 Recovering costs of charging the first PEV...59 6.6.6 Recovering the costs of charging several PEVs...63 6.6.7 Selecting Pricing Policies for MUD Charging...64 6.7 State-level policies for MUDs...64 6.7.1 "EV rights" in MUDs...64 6.8 Recommendations for facilitating MUD charging...65 6.8.1 Utility policies...65 6.8.2 Regional planners...66 6.8.3 Local planners...66 6.9 References...67 7 Planning for Workplace Charging...69 7.1 Introduction...69 7.2 Assessing the workplace charging opportunity...70 7.2.1 How many employees and workplaces are there in absolute numbers withineach city?... 70 7.2.2 How significant are workplaces compared to other types of parcels?...71 7.2.3 What are the largest employers and where are they located?...72 7.2.4 Which employers have the highest numbers ofwhite-collar and high-tech workers?...73 7.2.5 Which employers are located in neighborhoods where current PEV owners drive on weekday mornings?... 75 7.3 The workplace PEV charging installation process...77 7.4 Planning for workplace charging...78 7.4.1 Typical workplace charging considerations...79 7.4.2 Pre-planning...79 7.4.3 Installation...79 7.4.4 Economic considerations...79 7.5 Financial viability of workplace charging... 80 7.5.1 How much employee demand will there be for PEV charging?... 80 7.5.2 How should the employer price PEV charging?... 81 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

7.5.3 How much charging capacity should the employer provide?... 81 7.5.4 Financial viability scenarios...81 7.5.5 Recovering costs of charging the first PEV...82 7.5.6 Recovering the costs of charging several PEVs...86 7.5.7 Selecting Pricing Policies for Workplace Charging...87 7.5.8 Institutional and physical barriers to PEV charging...87 7.6 Recommendations for facilitating workplace charging...88 7.6.1 Utility policies...88 7.6.2 Regional planners...89 7.6.3 Local planners...89 7.7 References...89 8 Planning for Retail and Public Sector Charging...90 8.1 Introduction...90 8.2 Evaluative criteria for the selection of public-sector and retail charging sites...90 8.2.1 Sites and areas with high potential demand for charging...91 8.2.2 Criteria for selecting cost-effective charge sites...92 8.2.3 Retail site characterisfics that affect benefits...93 8.2.4 Types of publicly-owned and retail sites...93 8.3 Siting of retail charging stations...94 8.4 Siting public-sector charging sites...98 8.5 Pricing, utilization and the financial viability of retail charging...99 8.5.1 How much customer demand will there be for PEV charging?...99 8.5.2 How should the retailer price PEV charging?...99 8.5.3 How much charging capacity should the retailer provide?...99 8.5.4 Financial viability scenarios for retailers...100 8.6 References...102 9 Pricing Policies for PEV Infrastructure...103 9.1 Introduction... 103 9.2 The benefits of well-designed pricing policies...104 9.3 Types of pricing policies... 105 9.3.1 Monthly flat fees... 106 9.3.2 Hourly rates... 106 9.3.3 Markup on costs... 106 9.3.4 Combination rates...107 9.4 Evaluative criteria...107 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

9.5 Why pricing policies mean different things to different PEV drivers...107 9.5.1 Monthly flat fees... 108 9.5.2 Hourly rates... 109 9.5.3 Markup on costs... 110 9.5.4 The costs of alternatives to workplace, commercial retail, and MUD charging...110 9.6 Choosing pricing policies for different charge environments...111 9.7 References...112 10 Zoning Policies for PEV Readiness... 113 10.1 Introduction...113 10.2 Charging as an allowed use...114 10.2.1 San Jacinto (proposed)...115 10.2.2 Lancaster...115 10.3 Development incentives...116 10.3.1 San Jacinto (proposed)...117 10.3.2 San Clemente...117 10.3.3 Hawaii...118 10.4 Recommendations...118 10.5 Addifional resources...119 10.6 References...119 11 Building Codes for PEV Readiness... 121 11.1 Introduction...121 11.2 CALGreen... 122 11.3 Local ordinances in the South Coast region...124 11.3.1 Panel capacity and outlets...124 11.3.2 Conduits and meters...125 11.3.3 Charging units...125 11.3.4 Beverly Hills...126 11.3.5 Lancaster... 126 11.3.6 City of Los Angeles... 128 11.3.7 Rolling Hills Estates...128 11.3.8 Temecula... 129 11.3.9 Torrance (proposed)...129 11.4 Conclusion...129 11.5 Recommendations... 130 11.6 Additional resources... 130 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

11.7 References...131 12 Permits and Inspections for PEV Readiness...134 12.1 Introduction...134 12.2 The Installation Process...135 12.3 Right-sizing permits and inspections... 136 12.4 Assessing opportunities to streamline...137 12.5 Recommendations...138 12.6 References...140 13 Parking Guidelines for PEV Readiness...142 13.1 Introduction...142 13.2 Location and number of charging spaces...143 13.3 Designing ADA-compliant PEV charging spaces...143 13.3.1 Division of the State Architect Interim Disabled Access Guidelines for Electrical Vehicle Charging Stations... 144 13.3.2 California PEV Collaborative Accessibility Guidelines...146 13.4 Managing access to charging spaces... 149 13.4.1 Santa Monica (2012)...149 13.5 Pricing PEV parking...149 13.6 Signage...150 13.6.1 Other sign considerations...152 13.7 PEV parking in different environments...152 13.8 Recommendations... 152 13.9 Additional resources... 153 13.10 References... 154 14 Utility Policies...155 14.1 Introduction...155 14.2 Current and future PEV ownership across utilities within the region...155 14.3 Streamlining permits and site inspections...158 14.4 PEV time-of-use rates...158 14.4.1 Single-family residential policies...158 14.4.2 Multi-unit residential policies...159 14.4.3 Commercial TOU Policies...159 14.5 Incentives...160 14.5.1 Second meter incentives...160 14.5.2 Equipment rebates...160 14.5.3 Other types of rebates...160 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

14.6 Customer Education...160 14.7 Utility recommendations... 162 14.8 Additional resources...162 14.9 References...163 15 Developing PEV Outreach Campaigns...164 15.1 Introduction... 164 15.1.1 Local marketing and outreach efforts to date...165 15.2 Single-family residential charging...166 15.2.1 What stakeholders should be the target of outreach efforts?...166 15.2.2 How should stakeholders be engaged?...166 15.3 Multi-unit dwelling charging...167 15.3.1 What stakeholders should be the target of outreach efforts?...167 15.3.2 How should stakeholders be engaged?...168 15.4 Workplace charging... 169 15.4.1 What stakeholders should be the target of outreach efforts?...169 15.4.2 How should stakeholders be engaged?...169 15.5 Retail charging... 170 15.5.1 What stakeholders should be the target of outreach efforts?...171 15.5.2 How should stakeholders be engaged?...171 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

Tables Table 3.1: PEV models: current and planned for U.S. release through 2013...14 Table 3.2: Variations in charge times and electric miles per hour of charge by charging leveland PEV type... 16 Table 3.3. Typical dwell times for charging environments...17 Table 4.1: Los Angeles County cities by numbers of single-family homes...25 Table 4.2: Los Angeles County cities bysingle-family share compared to other in-city land uses... 26 Table 4.3: Los Angeles County cities by counts of MUD units compared to other in-city uses... 27 Table 4.4: Los Angeles County cities by MUD share of in-city parking opportunities...27 Table 4.5: Los Angeles County cities by employee counts compared to other in-city uses.... 28 Table 4.6: Los Angeles County cities by employee share compared to other in-city uses 29 Table 4.7: Charging site ownership in the SCAG region, summer/fall 2012... 31 Table 4.8: Charging site types in the SCAG region, summer/fall 2012... 32 Table 5.1: PEV growth by SCAG subregion... 36 Table 5.2: Los Angeles County cities by single-family dwelling count... 40 Table 5.3: Los Angeles County cities by residential share of combined single-family units and individual MUD units... 41 Table 5.4: Los Angeles County cities by single-family share compared to other in-city land uses... 42 Table 5.5: Charge station cost elements... 44 Table 5.6: Incentives and permit streamlining efficiencies reduce the cost of e-driving.. 44 Table 6.1: Los Angeles County cities by MUD unit count... 49 Table 6.2: Los Angeles County cities by MUD share of residential units in-city...50 Table 6.3: Los Angeles County cities by share of MUD units, single-family units, and employees... 51 Table 6.4: SCAG Multi-Unit Residential Density Designations... 52 Table 6.5: Benchmarks for electricity and gasoline costs... 59 Table 6.6: Present value of multi-unit dwelling charging to site owner over 10 years (monthly flat rate)... 60 Table 6.8: Present value of multi-unit dwelling charging to site owner over 10 years... 62 Table 6.9: Present value of multi-unit dwelling charging to site owner over 10 years... 62 Table 6.10: Present value of multi-unit dwelling charging to site owner with markup, by UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

utilizationlevel... 63 Table 7.1: Los Angeles County cities by number of employees and workplaces, 2012... 71 Table 7.2: Los Angeles County cities by share of employees, single-family residential units, andmud units... 72 Table 7.3: Top Los Angeles County employers by number of employees and firm type. 73 Table 7.4: Top Los Angeles County cities and employers, by number ofwhite-collar workers... 74 Table 7.5: Los Angeles County cities by number of high-tech workplaces... 74 Table 7.6: Present value of workplace charging to site owner over 10 years (monthly rate)... 83 Table 7.7: Present value of workplace charging to site owner over 10 years (hourly rate)84 Table 7.8: Present value of workplace charging to site owner over 10 years... 85 Table 7.9: Present value of workplace charging to site owner over 10 years (markup on electricity)... 85 Table 7.10: Present value of workplace charging to site owner with markup, by utilization level... 86 Table 8.1: Retail sites with short dwell times... 94 Table 8.2: Type of retail shopping centers... 95 Table 8.3: Types of stand-alone parking facilities... 97 Table 8.4: Present value of financial returns for one-hour connections (priced at $1 per hour plus a $1 connection fee)... 101 Table 8.5: Present value of financial returns for three-hour connections (priced at $1 per hour plus a $1 connection fee)... 101 Table 9.1: Stakeholder benefits of strategically-priced PEV charging...105 Table 9.2: Differences in electric travel and charging needs...108 Table 9.3: Monthly flat fees and cost equivalents to drivers...109 Table 9.4: Hourly rates, hourly rates with connection fees and cost equivalents to drivers... 110 Table 9.5: Markups on variable costs and cost equivalents to drivers...110 Table 9.6: Benchmarks for residential Level 1 charging and gasoline costs...111 Table A5.106.5.3.1 :... 124 Table 13.1: California PEV Collaborative ADA-Compliant EVSE Installation Guidelines for NewConstruction... 147 Table 13.2: California PEV Collaborative Accessible EVSE Installation Guidelines for ExistingFacilifies...148 Table 14.1: PEV growth in SCAG utility service territories...157 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

Figures/Images Figure 2.1: The PEV ecosystem for single-family homes... 7 Figure 2.2: The Role of Charging in the Daily Commute...:...9 Image 3.1: 2013 Ford Fusion Energi PHEV (O Ford Motor Company)...12 Image 3.2: 2013 Chevrolet Volt (O General Motors)...12 Image 3.3: Mitsubishi Concept PX MiEV-II (O Mitsubishi Motors North America)...12 Figure 4.1: Steps in PEV land use assessment... 22 Figure 4.2: Pyramid of PEV charging priorities...23 Figure 5.1: Projected growth in PEVs, Westside Cities Council of Governments...37 Figure 5.2: Steps for installing single-family residential charging...43 Figure 5.3: Effect of policies on average cost of PEV driving...45 Figure 6.1: Charging installation process for MUDS in Los Angeles...54 Figure 7.1: The workplace PEV charging installation process...78 Figure 12.1: Residential Charger Installation Process...136 Figure 12.2: Charger permitting scenarios and documentation requirements...137 Figure 13.1: Approved General Service Signs for PEV Charging...150 Figure 13.2: PEV Charging Sign with Interim Federal Approval...151 Figure 13.3: Candidate regulatory signs for PEV charging...151 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

Maps Map 3.1: Publicly-accessible PEV charging stations, Westside Cities Council of Governments... 18 Map 4.1: Publicly-accessible charging stations, Westside Cities Council of Governments30 Map 5.1: PEV registrations by travel analysis zone, Westside Cities Council of Governments... 38 Map 6.1: Multi-Unit Residential Density, Westside Cities COG...53 Map 7.1: Employment density, Westside Cities Council of Governments...75 Map 7.2: PEV daytime destinations, Westside Cities Council of Governments... 76 Map ~.3: PEV daytime destinations and workplaces, Westside Cities Council of Governments... 77 Map 8.1: Retail destinations, Westside Cities Council of Governments...96 Map 8.2: PEV mid-day destinations and retail centers, Westside Cities Council of Governments...97 Map 8.3: Stand-alone parking facilities, Westside Cities Council of Governments...98 UCLA Luskin Center, December 2012

Southern Ga i forma Plu -in ElectricVehicleAt~as ~~~.~ T uskin School of I'uhlic 1f~l~iirs r ~ _ ~ ':._`+~ ',.~. L11~k111 ~~~~~~ Center ~~~.:}

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR J.R. DeShazo, Ph.D. SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND CARTOGRAPHY Norman Wong PROJECT MANAGER Ayala Ben Yehuda COVER DESIGN AND LAYOUT Susan Woodward CONTRIBUTING RESEARCHERS Vicky Hsu Jon Overman Tamar Sarkisian Brett Williams, MPhil (cantab), Ph.D.

f; ~ ~ r ~ i ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ t About this Document This document was prepared for the Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) by the UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation. It constitutes Deliverable 11 of SCAG contract 12-021-C1 to support regional planning for plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) adoption. SCAG is coordinating a mulfi-stakeholder group of government agencies, utilities, and university researchers to prepare multi-faceted and interdisciplinary regional PEV readiness plans. Among other purposes, these plans will help illuminate and guide strategic infrastructure investment, PEV-related economic development, and supportive policy design in Southern California. Disclaimer This report was prepared as a result of work sponsored, paid for, in whole or in part, by a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Award to the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD). The opinions, findings, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of AQMD or the DOE. The AQMD and DOE, their officers, employees, contractors, and subcontractors make no warranty, expressed or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this report. The AQMD and DOE have not approved or disapproved this report, nor have the AQMD or DOE passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information contained herein. This document was prepared as a result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission. It does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees, or the State of California. The Commission, the State of California, its employees, contractors, and subcontractors make no warranty, express or implied, and assume no legal liability for the information in this document; nor does any party represent that the use of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. Acknowledgements We thank the Southern California Association of Governments, the South Coast Air Quality Management District, U.S. Department of Energy, and the California Energy Commission for support of this project. In particular, we thank Marco Anderson of SCAG, Patricia Kwon of SCAQMD and the other governmental and utility members of the SoCal PEV Coordinating Council for their guidance and assistance. We also thank the University of California Office of the President Multicampus Research Programs and Initiatives for its support. For More Information Contact J.R. DeShazo, Director, UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation, deshazo@ucla.edu; luskin.ucla.edu/ev ISBN 978-1-300-62159-1 O 2013 by the Regents of the University of California, Los Angeles. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ~. Luskin School of Public Affairs Luskin Center :w~ a,....o ~~... SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA associar~oru of GOVERNMENTS

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PLUG-IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE READINESS ATLAS Contents Preface... i Council of government-level maps...i Utility PEV growth projections...iii Councilsof Government...1 PEVGrowth...1 Arroyo Verdugo Subregion...2 PEVGrowth...2 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...3 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...4 Workplacesby Number of Employees...5 PEV Peak Morning Destinations and Workplaces...6 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...7 Multi-Unit Residential...8 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...9 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...10 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...11 Cityof Los Angeles...12 PEVGrowth...12 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...13 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...14 Workplaces by Number of Employees...15 PEV Peak Morning Destinations and Workplaces...16 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...17 Multi-Unit Residential...18 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...19 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...20 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...21 Coachella Valley Association of Governments...22 PEVGrowth...22 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...23 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Desfinations...24 Workplaces by Number of Employees...25 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...26 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...27 Multi-Unit Residential...28 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...29

Table of Contents PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...30 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...31 Gateway Cities Council of Governments...32 PEVGrowth...32 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...33 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...34 Workplaces by Number of Employees...35 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...36 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...37 Multi-Unit Residenfial...38 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...39 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...40 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...41 Imperial County Transportation Commission...42 PEVGrowth...42 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...43 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...44 Workplaces by Number of Employees...45 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...46 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...47 Multi-Unit Residential...48 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...49 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...50 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...51 Las Virgenes Malibu Council of Governments...52 PEVGrowth...52 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...53 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...54 Workplaces by Number of Employees...55 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...56 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...57 Multi-Unit Residential...58 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...59 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...60 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...61 NorthLos Angeles County...62 PEVGrowth...62 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...63 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinafions...64

UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation ~ Southern California PEV Readiness Atlas Workplaces by Number of Employees...65 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...66 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stafions (Summer/Fall 2012)...67 Multi-Unit Residential...68 Commercial (Retail) Destinafions...69 PEV Mid-Day Desfinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...70 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...71 Orange County Council of Governments...72 PEVGrowth...72 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...73 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...74 Workplaces by Number of Employees...75 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...76 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stafions (Summer/Fall 2012)...77 Multi-Unit Residenfial...78 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...79 PEV Mid-Day Destinafions and Commercial (Retail) Locations...80 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...81 San Bernardino Associated Governments...82 PEVGrowth...82 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...83 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...84 Workplaces by Number of Employees...85 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...86 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...87 Multi-Unit Residential...88 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...89 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...90 Stand-Alone Parking Facilities...91 San Fernando Valley Council of Governments...92 PEVGrowth...92 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...93 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...94 Workplaces by Number of Employees...95 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...96 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...97 Multi-Unit Residential...98 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...99 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...100

Table of Contents Stand-alone Parking Facilities...101 San Gabriel Valley Council of Governments...102 PEVGrowth...102 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...103 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...104 Workplaces by Number of Employees...105 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...106 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...107 Multi-Unit Residential...108 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...109 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...110 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...111 South Bay Cities Council of Governments...112 PEVGrowth...112 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrafions...113 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...114 Workplaces by Number of Employees...115 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...116 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...117 Multi-Unit Residential...118 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...119 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...120 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...121 VenturaCouncil of Governments...122 PEVGrowth...122 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...123 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...124 Workplaces by Number of Employees...125 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...126 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...127 Multi-Unit Residential...128 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...129 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...130 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...131 Western Riverside Council of Governments...132 PEVGrowth...132 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...133 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...134 Workplaces by Number of Employees...135

UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation ~ Southern California PEV Readiness Atlas PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...136 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...137 Multi-Unit Residential...138 Commercial (Retail) Destinations...139 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Locations...140 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...141 Westside Cities Council of Governments...142 PEVGrowth...142 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Registrations...143 Plug-in Electric Vehicle Morning Peak Destinations...144 Workplaces by Number of Employees...145 PEV Morning Peak Destinations and Workplaces...146 Publicly-Accessible Charging Stations (Summer/Fall 2012)...147 Multi-Unit Residential...148 Commercial (Retail) Destinafions...149 PEV Mid-Day Destinations and Commercial (Retail) Destinations...150 Stand-alone Parking Facilities...151 Utilities Combined Projecfion...152 AzusaLight and Water...153 Predicted Cumulative Sales...153 Burbank Water and Power...154 Predicted Cumulative Sales...154 CerritosElectric Utility...155 PredictedCumulative Sales...155 Glendale Water and Power...156 Predicted Cumulative Sales...156 Pasadena Water and Power...157 Predicted Cumulative Sales...157 VernonLight and Power...158 Predicted Cumulative Sales...158 Anaheim Public Utilities Department...159 Predicted Cumulative Sales...159 City of Banning Electric Utility...160 PredictedCumulative Sales...160 City of Colton Utilities Services...161 Predicted Cumulative Sales...161 ImperialIrrigation District...162 PredictedCumulative Sales...162 Los Angeles Department of Water and Power...163

Table of Contents Predicted Cumulative Sales...163 Riverside Public Utilities...164 PredictedCumulative Sales...164 SouthernCalifornia Edison...165 Predicted Cumulative Sales...165 Anza Electric Cooperative...166 Predicted Cumulative Sales...166 Moreno Valley Electric Utility...167 Predicted Cumulative Sales...167 Rancho Cucamonga Municipal Utility...168 Predicted Cumulative Sales...168 SanDiego Gas & Electric...169 Predicted Cumulative Sales...169 TechnicalAppendix...170 Council of government-level maps...170 Utilityprojections...175