INDEX. 1. Introduction. 2. The electrical vehicle and the system s operation. 3. The electrical vehicle as a system to integrate wind energy

INDEX 1. Introduction 2. The electrical vehicle and the system s operation 3. The electrical vehicle as a system to integrate wind energy 4. Essential elements to develop the system 5. REVE project 6. REVE project s website www.evwind.org 2

ÍNDICE 1. Introduction 2. The electrical vehicle and the system s operation 3. The electrical vehicle as a system to integrate wind energy 4. Essential elements to develop the system 5. REVE project 6. REVE project s website www.evwind.org 3

INTRODUCTION These days, the total installed wind power in Spain is of almost 17 GW. The objetive for 2020 is for 44 GW installed wind power MW EVOLUCIÓN ANUAL DE LA POTENCIA EÓLICA INSTALADA Y PREVISIÓN SEGÚN EL PLAN DE ENERGÍAS RENOVABLES 2005-2010 42000 40.000 37000 32000 Potencia eólica instalada Previsión evolución según objetivos PER 27000 22000 20.155 17000 15.145,1 12000 7000 2000 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Fuente: PER 2005-2010 y AEE AÑOS 4

INTRODUCTION Once the installed wind power becomes higher than 25 GW, it will be necessary a storage system to help the system s operator to flatten the demand curve, and to integrate the maximum renewable energy in the electrical system. Otherwise, this energy will be lost during the valley period The introduction of the electrical vehicle in the energy system could solve these two problems increasing the demand in the valley period 5

EV 6

SYSTEM S OPERATION. LOAD AND STORAGE MANAGEMENT The primary renewable resource has difficulties to storage and management. But a storage system is important so demand loads can be introduced to improve the management of the electrical system, flattening the demand curve 8

SYSTEM S OPERATION. LOAD AND STORAGE MANAGEMENT Electrical vehicles could help to flatten the demand curve, increasing the electrical demand during some hours of the night The consumption of an electric car is of about 12 kwh per 100 km. 7 kwh can be recharged during the night in a conventional plug. This would be enough to cover 60 km, which is the typical distance for a vehicle during the day. The impact of the hypothetic implementation of 2 million electric cars means an energy demand increase of 3,500 GWh per year 9

SYSTEM S OPERATION. LOAD AND STORAGE MANAGEMENT In Spain, if those hypothetic 2 million electric cars recharge their 7 kwh batteries during the 7 hours with less demand of the night, the demand increase would be of 2,000 MW per hour THIS FIGURE SHOWS THE CASE 10

SYSTEM S OPERATION. LOAD AND STORAGE MANAGEMENT If the cars recharged the batteries with a smart grid controlling the general demand system s evolution, it would be possible to increase de demand by 4,000 MW during the critical period flattening more the demand curve THIS FIGURE SHOW THE CASE 11

SYSTEM S OPERATION. VOLTAGE CONTROL AND REGULATION SYSTEM It is important to know the effect of the electric cars in the voltage control or regulation system. To have some recharge and generation systems next to distributions points, means an opportunity to optimize the voltage control in the distribution grids where the electrical vehicles are connected. The loads in the electrical cars could help the third regulation. 12

WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION As the number of wind MW installed is increasing, the possibilities to suffer production reduction are higher during the night in the valley hours. During the night, the demand hardly reaches 25,000 MW. The nuclear energy cannot stop and it is necessary some levels of secondary and third reserve. That means that we need about fixed 10,000 to 12,000 MW, so with 25.000 wind MW installed, there will be production reductions in the periods with a lot of wind resource. 14

WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION This figure shows the problem for a 50 % wind production in the 25.000 MW wind power installed scenario. There will be excess production between 3 and 7 hours. DEMANDA S.E.P (MW) GENERACIÓN EÓLICA (MWh) GENERACIÓN NUCLERA + RESERVAS (MWh) 15

WIND ENERGY INTEGRATION In the case of the 2 million electric cars recharging their 7 kwh batteries, a demand increase would be possible to integrate the wind energy production excess in valley period 45000 40000 35000 30000 25000 20000 15000 10000 RECORTE POR EXCESO GENERACIÓN EÓLICA DEMANDA CON V.E (MW) DEMANDA SIN V.E (MW) GENERACIÓN EÓLICA (MWh) GENERACIÓN NUCLERA + RESERVAS (MWh) 5000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 16

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS Electrical vehicle Storage and load management The electric network for conection (G2V and V2G) An attractive and profitable economic model 18

THE ELECTRICAL VEHICLE Every company is developing new commercial models. General Motors, Mitsubishi, Renault and Toyota have the electrical and hybrid models ready to be commercialised 19

STORAGE AND LOAD MANAGEMENT The news regarding the research on batteries and capacitors show a technology revolution in the upcoming years 20

ELECTRIC NETWORK FOR CONECTION (G2V Y V2G) Israel, Denmark, Australia, France and USA have projects about smart grids to connect the electrical vehicles In Spain some companies are working on project like MOVELE coordinated by IDAE or REVE by AEE 21

ECONOMIC MODEL This economic model has to be profitable and attractive for the consumers. For the buyers the most important thing is the cost of the electric vehicle The battery price is a big problem. The Better Place project in Israel rents or charges a monthly fee for the battery or the vehicle, a system similar to mobile phones. 22

ECONOMIC MODEL The acquisition of the vehicle without the battery reduces a large extend the final price that can be distributed in the totally life of the vehicle. As electricity is cheaper than kilometer is similar or even lower. conventional fuel, the cost per 23

PROJECT DESCRIPTION The REVE PROJECT coordinated by Spanish Wind Energy Association (AEE) and the Spanish Wind Energy Technological Platform (REOLTEC) studies the EFFECT OF THE INTRODUCION OF ELECTRICAL VEHICLES IN WIND ENERGY, evaluating: Different scenarios, with and without storage systems LV grid model and the connection of the electric cars. Technical requirements for the connection of electrical cars to the distribution network 25

CALENDAR The project lasts for 18 months, finishing on the second half of 2010 FASE MESES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Coordinación: AEE Redacción final del proyecto: AEE Creación página web: AEE Contenido página web: GAIA Estudio técnico de baterías y vehículo eléctrico: GAIA Repercusión del vehículo eléctrico en el sistema energético: CENER Modelo equivalente de red apto para la conexión de vehículos eléctricos y estudio de estabilidad de red: CIRCE Requisitos técnicos básicos para la conexión de vehículos eléctricos a la red de distribución: ENDESA 26

ORGANISATION OF THE PROJECT COMITÉ DE SEGUIMIENTO: ACCIONA REE BANCO SABADELL IDAE FUNDACIÓN FITSA INGETEAM 27

CENER TASK Electric cars impact in the electric system Project impact in the energy system and the electric generation annual distribution by technologies Electric demand curve stabilization Electric production redistribution Environment impact 28

CENER TASK Project economic repercussion in the Spanish energy system Results comparison in different scenarios The study will be elaborated by the TIMES programme 29

CIRCE TASK Grid model to connect the electric vehicles and grid stability studies LV model Grid stability 30

CIRCE TASK LV model and grid connection Supply capacity to grid in LV and HV. Grid characterization in consumption and generation To analyze the grid behaviour Control requirements definition 31

ENDESA TASK Technical requirements to connect the electrical cars to the distribution network. Including protection definitions and the requirement parameters to the integration in the control centres. New operation procedures of the Spanish System Operator will be based on these studies. 32

ENDESA TASK The challenges are the new regulations to connect to grid:. Protection optimization Voltage control services Control centres integration 33

www.evwind.org 35

REVE PROJECT www.evwind.org 36