Biogas in Scandinavia Skandinavisk Biogaskonference, Skive, 7. november 217, Knud Boesgaard, FREMSYN
Setting the right perspective Gedsermøllen (1957) 24 m wingspan Tvindmøllen (1975) 54 m wingspan Vestas V164 (217) 164 m wingspan Nature Energy Korskro (218) 71. tonnes of biomass
Biogas status in Scandinavia Number of biogas plants Number of upgrading plants Production Nm3 Production TWh Denmark Sweden Norway Finland 165 282 4 84 12 61 9 1 333,, Nm3 3,3 TWh 22,, NM3 2,1TWh 8,,,8 TWh 8,, Nm3,8 TWh 5% Sweden Flare Denmark 1% % Sweden Norway Finland 3% 9% 15% 26% Direct to heat and power Grid injection, other Grid injection to transport 54% 46% 5% 9% 15% 26% 2% 2% 2% 4% 9% 11% 76%
Biogas incentives Taxes Denmark Sweden Norway Finland Full energy and CO2 tax on biomethane 4% company tax reduction for using NGVs Biomethane exempt from fuel taxes CO2 tax exemption for biogas Biomethane exempt from fuel taxes Subsidies Feed-in-premium: biomethane to power biomethane to grid Fund for climate projects (163,5 million in 219-22) 1,65 / m3 manure Investment grant for biomethane plants Feed-in-premium: biomethane to power Other measures Biotickets Minimum of,9% advanced biofuels in 22 Target of 75% environmentally friendly vehicles in public sector Free parking Pump law: large tank stations (more than 1m3 capacity must sell one alternative fuel) Investment subsidy Construction subsidy
Status of NGV deployment NGV cars NGV buses NGV vans and trucks Total NGV s Filling stations # % # % # % # % # Denmark 93,% 73,54% 197,5% 363,1% 15 Norway 126,% 624 3,84% 522,1% 1.282,4% 18 Sweden 42.675,9% 2.357 16,97% 8.79 1,31% 54.439 1,1% 218 Finland 2,375 29
mio. Nm3 Biogas for transport in Denmark Gas stations in Denmark Existing and planned gas stations January 216 9 8 7 6 Development of gas consumption for transport in Denmark 5 4 3 2 1 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 Bionaturgas Naturgas FREMSYN estimates Trends Transition to bio nature gas Sales of CBG almost exclusively runned by local offers in the municipalities
Interessefællesskabet for biogas til transport *Interest community for biogas in transport Investigation of opportunities barriers for biogas in heavy transport Report series Send an e-mail to: knud@fremsyn.net Lots of potential Cleaner than the alternatives... And it s cheaper
Potentielt årligt gasforbrug [mio. m 3 ] Andel af dansk brændstofforbrug Danish biogas potential in transport 8 7 6 Højt scenarie City-transport Renovation Busser ENS fremskrivning af biogas i naturgasnettet 5 15% 4 3 1% 2 1 5% - 217 218 219 22 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 23 Calculations for busses are based on numbers from The Danish Transport, Construction and Housing Authority Numbers City-transport og renovation are based The Danish Energy Agency s Rammevilkår for gas til tung transport
Tons CO2-eq / 1. km kg NOx / 1. km kg partikler / 1. km Emissions from biogas for transport 2, Greenhouse gas emissions 6, 5, NOx emissions 6,5 6 5,5 Particle emissions Euro VI grænse, diesel Euro VI grænse, gas 15, 4, 5 4,5 1, 5, - -5, -1, Fossil Diesel Biodiesel, RME Bionaturgas El 3, 2, 1, - Euro VI grænse, diesel Fossil Diesel Biodiesel, RME Euro VI grænse, gas Bionaturgas El 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1,5 Fossil Diesel Biodiesel, RMEBionaturgas El Kørselsemissioner Opstrømsemissioner Kørselsemissioner Opstrømsemissioner Kørselsemissioner Opstrømsemissioner Modelkørsler Kørselsemissioner fra leverandøroplysninger
m3 Biofuels in Denmark 25 2 15 1 5 213 214 215 216 213 214 215 216 Biodiesel Ethanol Palmeolie (1G) Rapsolie (1G) Canola (1G) Korn (1G) Sukker (1G ) Andet Animalsk fedt (2G)
2GA biofuels in the next RE Directive Existing goal achievement from the ILUC directive New goal achievement from Ren Energi-pakken *Clean Energy regulatory - From 22, Denmark introduces a requirement for advanced biofuels of.5% - The EU Commissioncurrently discuss raising this requirement to 3.5% by 23 - Økonominotatet (the financial note) examines the socioeconomic and state-financial effects of 3 alternatives to fulfillment of the requirement; Bio nature gas, Advanced Bioethanol and Advanced Biodiesel
DKK/GJ DKK/GJ DKK/GJ Biogas Socio-economics in 2GA 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Prisspænd Anvendt pris Socio-economic net present value 217-23 Biogas Bioethanol Biodiesel Fuel gains +953-1.192-1.688 Infrastructure costs -62 Additional costs for gas vehicles -38 Externality gains +834 +64 +372 Cross border trade +435 +36 +118 Tax distortion +136 +92 +8 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 2GA bioethanol 2GA biodiesel Prisspænd Anvendt pris Total socio-economic gains +1448-731 -1189 Total government revenue, present value million. kr. +513 +345 +29 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 Prisspænd Anvendt pris 5
DKK / 1. km tons CO2 / 1. km 1, km in a bus 8. 2 6. 15 4. 1 Moms Brændstofpris 2. 5 NOx afgift CO2 afgift Mineralolieafgiften / Gasafgift CO2-ækv emissioner -2. -5 Infrastructure and vehicle cost estimates -4. Fossil diesel B7 Diesel 1G Biodiesel (RME) Bionaturgas El -1
Scandianvian policy developments Denmark Sweden Norway Finland EV s are heavily favoured over NGV s. Increasing taxes on NGV cars Tax system doesn t differ between natural gas and biomethane No environmental requirements for public transportation No strategy for alternative fuels 1% of gas to transport is biogas due to bioticket system Public fleets are dominantly biomethane when possible Regions Skåne, Halland and Västra Götaland actively promoting biomethane for NGV s. 7% of gas for transport is biogas Oslo has a target of 1% renewable energy in public transport Expects to implement tollroads, where toll is based on CO2 and NOx emissions Green vehicle strategy review in 217 New green vehicle strategy in 218 16% of gas for transport is biogas Focus on double counting towards 2GA in Renewable energy directive Positive attitude towards biogas in heavy transport
Thank you for your time! Knud Boesgaard knud@fremsyn.net +45 6171 8811
Gasforbrug [mio. Nm 3 ] Gasforbrug [mio. Nm 3 ] Potentielle biogasbusser i udbud Potential for biogas in busses 6 Biogas potential in traffic companies supplies 1.6 5 4 3 2 1-217 218 219 22 221 222 223 224 225 226 1.4 1.2 1. 8 6 4 2-18 Movia BAT Fynbus Sydtrafik Midttrafik NT 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 217 218 219 22 221 222 223 224 225 226 Akkumuleret forbrugskurve
Project developing - Development of consortias - Applications - Implementation and reporting Fleet analysis - Consumption Needs - TCO (Total Cost of Ownership) - Assisting and support of implementation Environmental and climate analysis - Climate scenarios - Emission inventories - Socioeconomic calculations
Mio. kr km Technoeconomic parameters 12 1 8 Range 15 1 Socioeconomic gain goal achievement with advanced biofuels 217-23 (DKK million) 6 5 4 Bionaturgas Avanceret bioethanol Avanceret biodiesel 2-5 Elbus Biogasbus Dieselbus -1-15
Biogas in Scandinavia EBA has XX biogas plants Finland: https://wiki.uef.fi/display/biomap /Piia+Ikonen%2C+biogas+in+Finlan d http://www.cbg1.net/news/finn ish-biogas-statistics-215/