What s going on with European Specifications? Jean-Pascal PLANCHE - Total Sept. 15-16, 2003, Las Vegas eurobitume
Outline Process of European standardization Current specifications Need for changes CEN/TC336 Update on test methods Selected test methods Current Round robins Transition framework Validation project
European Bitumen Specifications 1961 : Creation of CEN based in Brussels 1962 : TC 19 Petroleum Products 1986 : WG Bitumen in TC 19 1991 : SC1 Bitumens with 5 WG s 2000 : TC 336 Bituminous Binders
CEN Bitumen Family Bituminous Binders TC 336 Paving Applications Industrial Applications Paving Grades EN 12591 PMB's pren 14023 Cutback & Fluxed Bitumens pren xxxxx in prep n. Cationic Emulsion pren 13808 Oxidized Bitumens pren 13304 Hard Industrial Bitumens pren 13305 Hard Paving Grades pren 13924
European Bitumen Specifications : why to change? European Harmonization : no barrier to trade Increasing Performance Requirements and new contract types New Binder types : - e.g. modified binders characterization
Current Standards versus Performance Related Standards 1st generation : harmonization of national existing standards 1990 2000 for paving grades => EN12591 2nd generation : development of P-R standards New project started in 2000
Purpose of the new European specification system to ensure that: the binders can be evaluated on a fair and comparable basis, the appropriate binder can easily be selected for an application the binder can be used with confidence. Ideally, the system should be suitable throughout Europe, for all types of climatic and traffic conditions, for a large variety of pavement applications, applicable to all categories of binders: conventional, special and modified bitumens.! Second Generation Specifications will be more market driven
CEN TC336 Process 1) INPUT 2) TRANSITION WS 99 BiTSpec Stakeholder Synthesis TG 5 List of Characteristics 2003 TG 5 List of Test Methods 2004/5 Transition Framework TG1, TG2, TG3 WG1 Recommendations for Validation VALIDATION PROJECT (FEHRL) Data Collection & Validation 3) FRAMEWORK 2005/6 Framework Agreed ( Classes / Values )
Steps to a new specification Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Identify binder properties linked to asphalt pavement performance Select and standardise appropriate test methods to measure these properties Collect data and ensure field validation Review the grading system according to the new specifications
Binder Properties & Characteristics IDENTIFICATION PROPERTIES - Consistency (physical property) - Perceptible properties - Solubility - Volatility PERFORMANCE-RELATED RELATED - Stiffness at various temperatures - elevated service temp. - intermediate temp. - low service temp. (or fracture?) - Fatigue (later?) SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS depends on application, eg - Cohesion/Adhesion/Fuel resistance - Etc DURABILITY - Ageing behaviour - short-term - long-term HSE - Flammability - Classification - Recyclability OTHER INFORMATION - Density - Storage stability - Pumpability / handling Derived from Luxemburg 99 Workshop
Potential Tests EN Bitumen Test Methods WG1 (Paving Bitumen) : 13 methods WG4 (PMB) : 9 methods New WG1 Test methods o Draft Prepared DSR Dynamic Shear Rheometer (Complex Modulus) BBR Bending Beam Rheometer (Low Temp Performance) PAV Pressure Ageing Vessel (Long-term ageing) o Under Review ZSV (x2) Zero Shear Viscosity (2 methods) DTT Direct Tension Test RCAT Rotating Cylinder Ageing Test LTRFT Long-term Rotating Flask Test o Further Consideration Suggested Adhesion Fatigue Recycling/Leaching/Weathering Target date -> EN-methods available in 2005
Collect data 3 Mini Round-Robin Tests during 1H 2003 CEN/TG3 Binder Ageing RRT with RCAT (Rotating Cylinder Ageing Test) RRT with LTRFT (Long Term Rotating Flask Test) CEN/TG1 High Temp. Properties RRT with ZSV 1 (Zero Shear Viscosity by oscillation) RRT with ZSV 2 (Zero Shear Viscosity by creep)
Conclusions on RRT 2003 RCAT: good R values, very promising test LTRFT:not enough participants to conclude on R values, less promising test ZSV 1: good R values, promising test ZSV 2: lower R values but promising test for rutting correlations
CEN PROCESS CEN TC 336 Standardisation Project BitSpec Project FEHRL LEAD - PROCESS Design of validation Scheme (FEHRL) Assessment of existing data All sources Phase 1: 1 year WERD financing? Developed test methods & draft specifications based on identified binder properties Laboratory Scale Identification of gaps Test Track Field Scale Phases 2&3: 2-3 years financing? Lab 1 Lab 2 Lab n Site 1 Site 2 Site n Requirements for validation Recommendations Finalisation & Implementation of specifications Analysis of Results Recommendations and Reporting Phase 2: Validation of test methods defined by CEN TC 336 Phase 3: R&D and validation for other binder properties POSSIBLE SCHEME FOR FEHRL ROLE IN VALIDATION PROJECT
Specification Framework - Proposal Transitional framework for characterizing paving binders The transition framework is drafted to overlap with current EN 12591 (paving grades), EN 13924 (hard grades) and pren 14023 (polymer modified binders). Duration for this framework should be limited, timing depends on test characterization and validation project Transition Framework should provide support in data gathering, needed to prepare levels of future specifications
Specification Framework - Proposal The characterization framework is intended to provide additional potential performance related binder properties. The list of test methods should be used as a guideline for the characterization of binders in a performance environment. All proposed test methods should be evaluated in a European validation project. The producer need not provide data on all possible characterization methods.
Specification Framework Proposal (example) Part 1 : Information Properties reference producer binder declaration Penetration @ 25 C mm/10 EN 1426 70-100 65-90 Softening Point R&B C EN 1427 43 70-75 Fraass Breaking Point C EN 12593-10 -15 Elastic Recovery @ 25 C % Resistance to hardening EN 12607-1 Change in mass %-wt EN 12607-1 0.8 0.5 Retained Pen @ 25 C % EN 1426 46 54 Increase in R&B C EN 1427 9 or 11 +10 Flash Point C EN 22719 Density at xx C g/cm³ EN ISO 3838 Solubility % EN 12592
Specification Framework Proposal (example) Part 2: Performance Related Properties High temp property Softening point C EN 1427 72 80 - G* @ 60 C and 1.59 Hz kpa pren - x - ZSV-dynamic/creep @60 C, kpa.s pren - - - Capillary viscosity @ 60 C, Pa.s EN 12596 - - - Low temperature property Fraass Breaking Point C EN 12593 - -12 - BBR C pren - - -18 DTT C pren - - -18 Structural strength G* @ 15 C and 10 Hz G* @ 25 C and 10 Hz MPa MPa pren pren Fresh STA LTA Tensile Test eg force ductility at XX C EN 13589 Total energy J x x' - Peak Force Fmax N y y' Strain at Fmax mm z z
BitSpec Project to foster communication
SPECIFICATION SYSTEM FOR BITUMINOUS BINDERS BINDER PRODUCERS POSITION EUROBITUME / IISRP ASPHALT PRODUCERS POSITION EAPA ROAD AUTHORITIES POSITION WERD / FEHRL MARKET NEEDS DEFINITION 1st Q 2002 NATIONAL CONSULTATION NATIONAL SITUATIONS 10 REGIONAL BiTSpec SEMINARS CEN TC 336 DRAFT SPECIFICATION FRAMEWORK 2002 LIAISON WITH CEN TC 227 ASPHALT SPECIFICATIONS DISCUSSION AND CONSENSUS ON SPECIFICATION FRAMEWORK FUTURE STEPS VALIDATION COMPLETION IMPLEMENTATION EUROPEAN BiTSpec SEMINAR June 2003 2004 2006?
Binder specifications in Europe From 1st to 2nd Generation Performance Validation (FEHRL) System development (CEN) Method standardisation (CEN) E&E Congress 2000 EB WS 99 E&E Congress 1996 EB Rheology WS 1995 CEN & EB Task Force Performance Project Industry Consultation BiTSpec Seminars 1st Generation 2nd Generation 1990 1995 1999 2002 2004 2008 Time
3rd Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress Vienna 12-14 May, 2004 www.eecongress.org
Thank you! Questions?