03 DP01 DESIGN AND UNDERSTANDING TECHNOLOGY FOR FLUID MACHINES HYDRAULICS STATIC AND DYNAMICS MECHANICAL SEALS FOR MECHANICS TRAINING
The proposal of DP Drawing and Design teaching aids is intended to suit students with basic technical knowledge with the aim to give them the basic technological capacity and instructions relevant to daily used technical apparatus. There is now wide agreement that the central mission of schooling is to develop lifelong learner - individuals who are motivated to continue learning and who have the basic skills to do so. To encourage lifelong learning, the continued learning skills curriculum domain includes such standard plans as instructions in reading, listening, viewing, understanding, thinking about and speaking using various information - retrieval systems including those made possible by analizing real technical components such as machines or parts of them, automatism and instruments, selecting alternatives, trying out ideas, and other problem solving skills. Prodit has designed various teaching aids which have a great instructional validity such as particularly interesting versions of technological components and assemblable mechanical units suitable to upgrade the basic skills in mechanical and science technology. STATIC AND DYNAMICS MECHANICAL SEALS FOR MECHANICS TRAINING To prevent leakage of a liquid between two moving parts where there is friction and consequent wear by means of a form of seal is a standard recurring problem to an engineer, whatever of these fields he is dealing with: automotive, hydraulics, pneumatics, mechanics, etc. Yet, every day specifications for modern machines demand more power, greater speed, long running life, higher pressure and all of which, in turn, present a mandate for new materials, improved design and better methods of sealing. Prodit presents different kind of seals, mainly divided in static seals (where sealing takes place between surfaces which do not move relative to one another) and dynamic seals (where sealing take place between surfaces which have relative movement). These teaching aids help the student to gain confidence in choosing the best sealing for a given application and about their correct assembling. 70
LIP RING SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT FOR LOW AND MEDIUM PRESSURE Static and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training The set essentially shows the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/100/001A Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for low pressure b) DP01UN/100/001B Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for medium pressure The mechanics teaching aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned to show correct assembling. Lip ring seals are suitable for mineral and hydraulic oil, lubricating oil for transmission, lubricating grease and one usually used for bearings. One seal is used for low pressure (0.1 0.2 bar max) and the other for medium pressure (7 bar max). An explanatory plate is supplied to underline typical uses, specifications and technical drawing. The correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts is clearly shown. DP01UN/100/001 SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT AND ROTATING SURFACE Static and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/100/002A Lip ring seal on rotating shaft for installation in dirty places b) DP01UN/100/002B Seal on rotating surface with frontal seal The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned for didactical purposes. The lip ring seal on rotating shaft suitable for mineral lubricating oil, is projected for installation in dusty places and is kept automatically clean by a small leakage: its working pressure is 0.1bar max. The seal on rotating surfaces with frontal seal, suitable for water or clean lubricant, is suitable for centrifugal pumps and for a working pressure 0.5 bar max. The unit is complete with an explanatory plate that includes typical uses, drawing and assembling notes of the relevant mechanical parts. DP01UN/100/002 71
LABYRINTH AND PACKED GLAND SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT Static and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training This teaching aid clearly demonstrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/100/003A Labyrinth seal on rotating shaft b) DP01UN/100/003B Packed gland seal on rotating shaft The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be disassembled and assembled by students while the other is sectioned to allow students to understand correct assembling. The labyrinth seal is suitable for lubricating oil in that field of applications where high speed shafts are required. The packed gland seal is used in water pumps at a working pressure of 15 bar max. Unit is complete with an explanatory plate including field of applications, technical specifications, drawings and assembling notes. DP01UN/100/003 SEALS ON ROTATING SHAFT WITH FRONT SLIDING SURFACE Static and dynamics mechanical seals for mechanics training This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/100/004A Seal on rotating shaft with front sliding surface and o-ring static seals b) DP01UN/100/004B Seal on rotating shaft with front sliding surface and static seals with forced bushing The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned to show correct assembling. The seals are suitable for mineral lubricating oil, oil for hydraulic controls and lubricating grease and are usually used for bearings. The seal with front sliding surface and o-ring static seal can be used up to 0.1 0.2 bar while the seal with front sliding surface and static seals with forced bushing can be used up to 7 bar. An explanatory plate is supplied to highlight typical uses, specifications and technical drawing showing in particular seals correct assembling on the shaft. 72 DP01UN/100/004
FELT TYPE SEAL ON ROTATING SHAFT Static and dynamic mechanical seals for mechanics training The didactical aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled by students while the other is sectioned to show correct assembling. The felt type seal on rotating shaft is suitable for mineral grease in absence of fluid pressure. Complete with explanatory plate to underline working conditions, technical drawings and correct assembling. DP01UN/100/005 SEALS ON DOUBLE-ACTING CYLINDER ROD WITH A TWO LIPS GASKET Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals This set clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/101/001A Seal on double-acting cylinder with a two-lips gasket b) DP01UN/101/001B Seal on cylinder rod with a two-lips gasket complete with scraper ring The mechanics teaching aid is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled while the other is sectioned for didactical purposes. The seals on double-acting cylinder, suitable for filtered and lubricated air and for oleodynamic drives, are generally used in hydraulics and pneumatics fields. They can work up to a pressure of 100 bar. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to underline working conditions, technical drawing and correct seals assembling on the shaft. DP01UN/101/001 73
SEAL ON SINGLE-ACTING CYLINDER AND CYLINDER ROD WITH A SIMPLE LIP GASKET Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals This teaching aid clearly shows the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/101/002A Seal on single-acting cylinder with a simple lip gasket b) DP01UN/101/002B Seal on cylinder rod with a lip gasket complete with scraper ring The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled while the other is sectioned to allow students to understand correct assembling. The seals on single acting cylinder, suitable for filtered and lubricated air and for oleodynamic drives, are generally used in hydraulics and pneumatics field. The working pressure is up to 70 bar. The didactical unit is complete with an explanatory plate including typical uses, specifications and assembling drawings. DP01UN/101/002 SEALS ON DOUBLE-ACTING CYLINDER AND CYLINDER ROD WITH LIP GASKETS FOR LOW PRESSURE Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/101/003A Seal on double-acting cylinder with a lip gasket for low pressure b) DP01UN/101/003B Seal on cylinder rod with a lip gasket for low pressure The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for didactical purposes. The seals, suitable for filtered and lubricated air, are generally used in pneumatics field. The seal on double-acting cylinder can reach a working pressure of 35 bar; the seal on cylinder rod can reach a working pressure of 25 bar. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to highlight typical uses, drawings and correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. 74 DP01UN/101/003
CYLINDER ROD CLEANER RINGS Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals This educational unit clearly shows the following two kinds of seals. a) DP01UN/101/004A Cylinder rod cleaner rings. Forced fixing b) DP01UN/101/004B Cylinder rod cleaner rings in a hollow seat The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for didactic purposes. The cylinder rod cleaners, suitable for dry working, are generally used in hydraulics and pneumatics fields: they work in absence of pressure. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, working conditions and seals correct assembling. DP01UN/101/004 SEAL ON DOUBLE ACTING CYLINDER WITH GASKETS AND PRESSURE RING Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned to allow students to understand correct assembling. The seal on double-acting cylinder with gaskets and pressure ring, suitable for oleodynamic drives oil, is used for hydraulic cylinders that work in heavy conditions. The working pressure reaches 350 bar max. The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that highlights typical uses, working conditions and assembling drawings. DP01UN/101/005 75
SEAL ON LONG-STROKE CYLINDER ROD Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The seal on long-stroke cylinder, suitable for lubricated compressed air and oil for oleodynamic drives, is used in pneumatic cylinders and in low pressure hydraulic cylinders. The working pressure is up to 100 bar max. The didactic unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, drawings and correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. DP01UN/101/006 SEAL ON CYLINDER ROD WITH GASKET IN A HOLLOW SET Set of mechanical axial sliding dynamic seals The didactical unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The seal on cylinder rod with gasket in a hollow seat, suitable for lubricated compressed air and for oleodynamic drives oil, is generally used in pneumatics and hydraulics fileds. The working pressure reaches 200 bar max. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, working conditions and correct seal assembling. DP01UN/101/007 76
O-RING SEALS ON SHAFT AND CYLINDER Set of mechanical static seals This set clearly demonstrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/102/001A O-ring seals on shaft and cylinder for low and medium pressures b) DP01UN/102/001B O-ring seals on shaft and cylinder for high pressure The unit is actually composed by a double-unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The o-ring seals are suitable for mineral lubricating oil, lubricating grease, air and water: the one projected for high pressure is not limited at 300 bar max as the one for medium pressure. The didactical unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, working conditions and seals correct assembling. DP01UN/102/001 O-RING SEALS ON FLAT FLANGE Set of mechanical static seals This educational unit clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/102/002A O-ring seals on flat flange in a hollow seat b) DP01UN/102/002B O-ring on flat flange in a conical seat The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled while the other is sectioned for didactic purposes. The o- ring seals, suitable for mineral lubricant, mineral grease, air and water, are not limited by a particular working pressure value. The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that includes typical uses, drawings and assembling notes of the relevant mechanical parts. DP01UN/102/002 77
SEAL ON FLAT FLANGE AND PACKED SEAL ON SHAFT Set of mechanical static seals This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of seals: a) DP01UN/102/003A Seal on flat flange with a flat seal b) DP01UN/102/003B Seal on shaft or rods with packing gland The unit is actually composed by a double unit: one can be assembled-disassembled and the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The seals can be used with different materials (it depends on the kind of materials the seal is made of). The seal on flat flange with a flat seal is not limited by a particular working pressure while the seal on shaft or rods with packing gland is suitable for 10 bar max in order to preserve the rod functionality. The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing the correct seals assembling. DP01UN/102/003 78
03 DP02 DESIGN AND UNDERSTANDING TECHNOLOGY FOR FLUID MACHINES HYDRAULICS ROLLING AND SLIDING BEARING FOR MECHANICS TRAINING
The proposal of DP Drawing and Design teaching aids is intended to suit students with basic technical knowledge with the aim to give them the basic technological capacity and instructions relevant to daily used technical apparatus. There is now wide agreement that the central mission of schooling is to develop lifelong learner - individuals who are motivated to continue learning and who have the basic skills to do so. To encourage lifelong learning, the continued learning skills curriculum domain includes such standard plans as instructions in reading, listening, viewing, understanding, thinking about and speaking using various information - retrieval systems including those made possible by analizing real technical components such as machines or parts of them, automatism and instruments, selecting alternatives, trying out ideas, and other problem solving skills. Prodit has designed various teaching aids which have a great instructional validity such as particularly interesting versions of technological components and assemblable mechanical units suitable to upgrade the basic skills in mechanical and science technology. ROLLING AND SLIDING BEARING FOR MECHANICS TRAINING Bearings and supports are the basical parts of machineries, equipments and apparates. The problem of friction (and the efforts to reduce it) is particularly important in mechanical transmissions that imply couplings between rotating shafts and their relevant supports. Driving shafts, gear shafts, chuck shafts in tool machinery and, in general, all transmission shafts usually rotate at high sped being subjected to strong stresses. Without devices, useful to reduce friction between shafts and relevant supports, we would have not only strong energy losses scattered as heat but the mechanism functioning itself would be damaged due to fast wear of coupled parts. Prodit presents a wide range of sliding and rolling bearings, useful to allow the students to gain the necessary basic technical knowledge in the field of friction reduction, so fundamental for modern industry. Moreover Prodit teaching aids help the student to gain confidence in choosing the best connections for a given application and about their correct assembling. 80
SUPPORTING UNITS WITH RADIAL BALL BEARING, OPEN, SHIELDED, AND WATERTIGHT TYPE Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training This educational unit clearly shows the following three kinds of bearings: a) DP02UN/100/001A - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing open type b) DP02UN/100/001B - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing shielded type c) DP02UN/100/001C - Supporting units with radial ball bearing. One row ball bearing watertight type Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned for training purposes. The radial one row ball bearing (open type) has a simple design and it is suitable for both low and high speed applications to be used generally on rotating shaft. The radial one row ball bearing with sliding water proof seals is wear resistant thanks to its sheet-steel reinforcement. The radial one row ball bearing with shields is used in applications that require high revolution speed. The didactical unit is complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing the correct seals assembling on the shaft. DP02UN/100/001 SUPPORTING UNITS WITH RADIAL ROLLING CYLINDRICAL BEARING WITH INNER AND OUTER SLIDING RING Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training This teaching aid clearly illustrates the following two kinds of bearings: a) DP02UN/100/002A Supporting unit with radial rolling bearing. One row of cylindrical rollers with an outer sliding ring b) DP02UN/100/002B Supporting unit with radial rolling bearing. One row of cylindrical rollers with an inner sliding ring Each real bearing belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled and the other is sectioned for training purposes. The radial rolling bearing, due to its profile, is able to achieve optimum stress distribution: thanks to this characteristic the radial rolling bearing is suitable for high speed applications with high radial loads involved. The radial rolling bearing with inner sliding ring is used to axially constrain the shaft in both directions by means of a shoulder. The unit is complete with an explanatory plate underlining typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing the correct seals assembling. DP02UN/100/002 81
SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ROLLING AXIAL BALL-BEARING, SINGLE-ACTING UNIT Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned for training purposes. The axial ball bearing, easy to be assembled, is able to withstand axial loads acting toward one direction only and it is generally used in the field of rotating shafts. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate including uses, specifications and correct assembling drawings. DP02UN/100/003 SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ROLLING AXIAL BALL-BEARING, OBLIQUE CONTACTS AND DOUBLE ACTING UNIT Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned to allow students to understand correct assembling. The oblique contacts axial ball bearing is generally used for high speed rotating shaft in machines that require high precision. The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings that show correct seals assembling on the shaft. DP02UN/100/004 82
SUPPORTING UNIT WITH ADJUSTABLE ROLLER AXIAL ROLLING BEARING Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The adjustable roller axial rolling bearing is able to withstand both axial and radial loads and, thanks to its steer ability, it can withstand maladjustment between shaft and slot. The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate that underlines typical uses, technical specifications and drawings that show correct seal assembling. DP02UN/100/005 SUPPORTING UNIT WITH NEEDLE AXIAL ROLLING BEARING Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training. Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The needle axial rolling bearings are generally used with rotating shafts, whenever compact solutions are required. The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate that highlights typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing correct seals assembling. DP02UN/100/006 83
ROLLING OBLIQUE BEARING SUPPORTING UNIT. ONE AND TWO BALL ROW Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembling/assembled and the other is sectioned for didactical purposes. Double-row ball oblique bearings are generally used in high speed rotating shaft applications where high loads have to be substained. It is also used in heavy industry, tool machines and wheel hubs. The didactic unit is equipped with an explanatory plate including typical uses, technical drawings and assembling notes relevant to mechanical parts involved. DP02UN/100/007 TAPER ROLLER ROLLING BEARINGS SUPPORT UNIT Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel is realized with a double unit: one can be disassembled/assembled while the other is sectioned for didactic purposes. The taper roller rolling bearings are used on rotating shafts whenever compact solutions are required. The unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including typical use, technical specifications and drawings, showing the correct seals assembling. DP02UN/100/008 84
ADJUSTABLE ROLLING BEARING UNIT. DOUBLE BALL ROWS AND DOUBLE ROLLER ROWS Rolling and sliding bearing for mechanics training Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled and disassembled, the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The adjustable double-row ball bearings are generally used in every application where assembling errors or shaft deflections may produce maladjustments. The unit is supplied complete with an explanatory plate underling typical uses, technical specifications and drawings showing correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. DP02UN/100/009 SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH HALF BEARING OF ANTIFRICTION MATERIAL Set of rotating sliding bearings Each unit, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled while the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The unit shows clearly the relevant mechanical element: piston rings, piston pin, the connecting rods and the relevant bushings. For lubrication purposes the unit design allows drying up and seizure prevention, and cuts down friction losses; surfaces are very well protected against corrosion due to combustion. The didactic unit includes an explanatory plate to underline typical uses, specifications and technical drawings useful to show correct assembling. DP02UN/101/001 85
SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH SELF-LUBRICANT SINTERED PLAIN BEARING Set of rotating sliding bearings Each real bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled, the other is sectioned for didactic purposes. The shaft supporting unit with self-lubricant sintered plain bearing is very light but realized for long life. The didactic unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including working conditions, technical specification and drawings showing correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. DP02UN/101/003 SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH PLAIN BEARING OF ANTIFRICTION MATERIAL Set of rotating sliding bearings Each real bearing, belonging to the didactic panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled and the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. This shaft supporting unit is widely used in those industrial applications where no maintenance or lubrication are required such as automotive, railway industry, pumps and valves, textile industry, household appliances and machine tools. It can withstand high load and is made for long life without maintenance. The unit is supplied with an explanatory plate including typical uses, working conditions and technical drawings showing correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. 86 DP02UN/101/002
SHAFT SUPPORTING UNIT WITH PLAIN BEARING IN SELF-LUBRICANT PLASTIC MATERIAL Set of rotating sliding bearings Each bearing, belonging to the didactical panel, is realized with a double unit: one can be assembled/disassembled, the other is sectioned for teaching purposes. The shaft supporting unit with plain bearing in self-lubricant plastic material is highly recommended in applications that don t require lubrication or for mechanical components that are to withstand high loads even at low temperatures (seals, rings, joints, bushes, piston rings, etc.) The didactic unit is complete with an explanatory plate that includes working conditions, technical specifications and drawings, showing correct assembling of the relevant mechanical parts. DP02UN/101/004 87