Welcome to Breckenridge T&D Research Stem Meeting Tuesday August 11, 2009 1:00 5:00 pm 1
The plan 1:00 A road map for the meeting today Simon and Jerry Speakers: Simon Chiang, Doug McLaughlin, Janos Toth 1:10 Five minute definitions of the term smart grid 1:30 Review of our list of ideas (not prioritized, not inclusive) for research in this stem 2:00 Five minute presentations by N attendees ~2:30 Break out into four groups: TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION RENEWABLES 4:00 Report back 5:00 Conclude move on to informal proposal development groups Choose a spokesperson, develop ideas, comment on impact of success questions shall be assigned 10 minute reports by spokesperson 2
The first step in the new project selection process Discuss project areas today About 170K available for new T&D projects in 2010 Perhaps 2 new projects several project areas span one or both of the other research stems and there is a possibility of a joint project Discuss projects and form project teams today projects must be proposed by 2 or more university researchers Any new areas that we do not identify today can be sent to Jerry at heydt@asu.edu PSerc RFP issued shortly Proposals due Sept 21, 2009. 3
The following ideas were submitted as potential areas for proposals for the 2009 PSerc solicitation. The list is not exhaustive and no ranking of ideas was done. The list is offered only as ideas of proposal areas. 4
D 1. Impact of climatological and ambient temperature changes: fast increase in load growth, impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles, increase in extreme weather (e.g., violent weather), increase in aging due to higher ambient temperature, reassessment of transformer thermal models to accommodate higher ambient temperatures. 2. Microgrid structure and direct DC delivery: microgrids with distributed resources, DC-DC conversion and the use of DC distribution systems in the medium voltage class (e.g., up to about 15 kv), service of DC directly to loads. Integration of DC into distribution systems. The use of DC in commercial buildings. 3. Plug-in hybrid vehicles vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services: beyond ancillary services such as regulation and spinning reserve to the services including avoidance of load shedding during emergencies and demand side management. Integration of EVs to the grid. EV infrastructure and battery storage. 4. The compounded impact of increases in ambient temperature and operating temperature (due to high proliferation of power electronics interfaced loads and sources, CFLs, and general load growth). 5. Feasibility study for application of power electronics for voltage transformation. Study the feasibility of applying a power electronics device as a substitute for the traditional transformer (i.e., a solid state transformer). Improved versatility over traditional transformers. Potential benefits to power industry. 5
D 6. Distribution system loss minimization. 7. Nanotechnologies in distribution engineering, new materials, new insulation materials. 8. Low cost residential energy management system requirements and design. Also, demand response models - how do customers respond to DR signals (e.g., price, alerts). 9. Thermal expansion and stress model of distribution cutouts (FEA). 10. The development of a semiconductor based fuse that can be adjusted (i.e., the time current characteristic is adjustable). 11. An assessment of the impact of Google s power meter. What are the potential benefits and threats of such a device. 6
Communications and information 12. SCADA by satellite: delay times, protocols, use and advancement of recent NRECA work in this area, distribution system SCADA, use of satellite communications for controls, protocol compatibilities and conversions. 13. Future communications techniques: SCADA over IP, intranet, evaluation of new requirements, broadband connections, broadband communications by power lines. 14. Common communication protocols for Smart Grid applications (AMI, sensors, controls, G2V, V2G). Utilization of the various existing data standards for all Smart Grid needs (home / buildings, distribution substations, back office, ISO / RTO). System to evaluate various communications hardware methods (e.g., wi-fi, wi-mix, cell, satellite) for Smart Grid applications. 15. Data management in distribution engineering, data modeling. Data acquisition for distribution engineering, including state estimation. 16. The Data to Information to Knowledge to Wisdom process. 7
T 17. Satellite images for tree trimming prioritization: extension and implementation (commercialization). This might be an extension to a completed PSerc project. 18. Power transformer life assessment, health monitoring, historical performance of a fleet of transformers, failure analysis. The value: can we improve maintenance scheduling? Implementation of strategies for life extension. The idea also applies to circuit breakers. 19. Impact on transmission by resources behind the meter. All load and generation resources, including EVs. Impact on transmission planning, no planning criteria exist, can these resources meet load / generation balancing requirements? 20. Designing, operation, and control of long transmission lines (AC and DC, multiple circuits on common right of way). Safety, live line maintenance, mutual coupling, environmental performance, EMF, reactive compensation, building in parallel to an existing circuit, impact on railroads, pipelines, telephone. 21. HSIL and compact designs, optimal use of right of way, dynamic and static reactive requirements. 22. Alternatives for solving problems of apparent lack of rights of way for transmission (e.g., high temperature, low sag conductors; cables; submarine circuits; new conductor types; HVDC). 8
T 23. Generation and load balancing for systems with high penetration of renewable resources. 24. Revisions to existing technology on setting basic impulse level (BIL). 25. Alternatives to SF6 for insulating material. 26. Material for transmission structures (e.g., towers). For example: Fiberglas, carbon fiber. A cost / benefit analysis, literature review, and summary of findings. Implication of pollutants on such structures. 27. Transmission system insulating oils (in transformers) are there alternatives, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives. Is heat dissipation possible with alternative oils. 28. Bundle configuration in HVAC transmission (e.g., non-square fourbundles, six-bundles). Implications on surge impedance, series impedance, shunt admittance. 29. Semiconductor replacements of high voltage circuit breakers. Why would this be done, and what are the advantages and benefits. 9
Renewables, innovative ideas, other 30. Bridging the gap between centralized and decentralized resources. 31. Defining the Smart Grid. 32. Embedded sensors. 33. Hardware-in-the loop for protective system testing. 34. Use of satellite images for improving fault location / downed conductor visualization. 35. Optimized use of intermittent sources (PV, wind). Identification of voltage levels to which connection should be made for wind and solar resources. 36. Safety issues: impact effect when a person is saved by a fall arrest device ; smart communicating sensors for a distribution central nervous system - reflexive and reasoned responses. 10
Renewables, innovative ideas, other 37. Provide the expected range or maximum current and power factor requirements for various types of drives (e.g. reduced voltage, variable frequency) over a range of motor sizes. Rules-of-thumb or tables that list information for motor starts. Voltage flicker analysis. 38. Impact of inverter based generation in either transmission or distribution systems (including power quality, harmonics, cases in which the distributed source is greater than the local load, distribution transformer sizing, feeder sizing). Failure mode analysis for these inverters. 39. Energy storage at various levels in the system, and their impact on the system. Summarize possible problems. This might be in commercial or residential settings, and includes PHEVs. 40. Impact of massive additions of residential level PV systems. Research ideas within this topic include: ability to meet RPS mandate; provision of ancillary services (looking beyond IEEE 1547); associated enhancements to substations. 11
Some other thoughts received From Don Russell at TAMU Improved fault location using distributed DFA technology Main idea: sensitivity and intelligent data analysis, a protection concept that can locate faults that can not be detected by conventional methods 12
Some other thoughts received From Lisa Beard at TVA Main concept: integrated power monitoring, a unified data gathering and analysis umbrella for transmission and perhaps distribution data. Integrate with other grid-wide tools 13
The program 1:00 A road map for the meeting today Simon and Jerry 1:10 Five minute definitions of the term smart grid 1:30 Review of our list of ideas (not prioritized, not inclusive) for research in this stem 2:00 Five minute presentations by N attendees ~2:30 Break out into four groups: TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATION RENEWABLES 4:00 Report back 5:00 Conclude move on to informal proposal development groups 14
Common questions for the break out groups What balance of long range / short range impact is optimal in new 2010 T&D projects Should new T&D projects address topical areas that credibly fall under the Smart Grid umbrella What are the three main grand challenges in T&D engineering 15
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