AMCA International s Opening Session

AMCA International s Opening Session

AMCA International 59 th Annual Meeting Redux Opening Session

Geoff Sheard 2013-14 AMCA President

Call to Order

What to Expect

AMCA Air System Industry Update Moderator Michael Ivanovich, AMCA International Fan Regulation Update and Fan Efficiency Ratio Metric Tim Mathson, Greenheck Fan Wade Smith, AMCA International Specifying AMCA Licensed Ratings Joe Brooks, AMCA International Tim Woerner, ARCOM MasterSpec

AMCA International has met the standards and requirements of the Registered Continuing Education Program. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to RCEP at RCEP.net. A certificate of completion will be issued to each participant. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the RCEP.

COPYRIGHT MATERIALS This educational activity is protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the educational activity without written permission of the presenter is prohibited. AMCA International 2015

Purpose and Learning Objectives This introduces a new efficiency metric for fans, the Fan Efficiency Ratio, and provides a status report on the U.S. Dept. of Energy regulatory initiative for commercial and industrial fans. It also summarizes the AMCA Certified Ratings Program and provides guidance on how to properly specify AMCA-licensed products. At the end of this presentation you will be able to: 1. Calculate Fan Efficiency Ratios 2. Understand AMCA s position on of the DOE regulatory discussions 3. Specify AMCA-certified products

Fan RegulationUpdate Fan Efficiency Ratio Metric Tim Mathson & Wade Smith 1/29/2015 10

Fan Efficiency DOE Rule Fans consume 35% of commercial HVAC energy DOE initiates Fan efficiency regulation 6-28-11 AMCA has been negotiating ever since To develop a consensus among fan manufacturers (done) To convince Efficiency Advocates & DOE To sell consensus to others (AHRI, engineers, contractors, owners) 1/29/2015 11

Potential for Air System Savings Fan Efficiency Drive Efficiency System Effects & System Leakage Fan Selection System Design

Exhibit 4: Product Selection Operating Performance 80,000 CFM 3.0" SP Data from Cookware v6.0 (Loren Cook Company) Total Operating Budget Operating Model FEG Efficiency Power (HP) Price Cost/Yr Weight 365CADWDI 85 56% 114 $21,100 $37,797 2330 402CADWDI 85 62% 90 $16,100 $29,939 2850 445CADWDI 85 68% 74 $16,900 $24,402 3570 490CADWDI 85 77% 60 $17,600 $19,926 4170 540CADWDI 85 78% 56 $20,300 $18,401 5200 600CADWDI 85 81% 51 $23,800 $16,976 6310 660CADWDI 85 81% 50 $27,400 $16,478 7490 Operating cost based on 16 hrs/day, 250 days/year and $0.10/kw-hr All sizes are FEG85 (represents the energy efficiency potential) Actual efficiency at the operating point varies greatly (larger sizes are operating close to peak efficiency) This illustrates the impact proper selection has on energy efficiency 1/29/2015 13

Data Base 22 manufacturers 46% of the American market 1.3 million fans (one line per fan, 18 columns) 4.4 million horsepower (85% > 1 motor hp) in 2012 Flow, Press. Power, Efficiency, Price, Size, Type 1/29/2015 14

Initial Consensus of AMCA ASHRAE 90.1 FEG 67, select within 15 pts of peak What are the savings? (Hard to determine) How do you select a fan at 0 pressure? (Not possible) Will the market respond w adverse selections? 1/29/2015 15

Fan efficiency varies widely with selection 3000 2500 2000 Centrifugal Roof Vents, Total Efficiency @ selection point 1500 1000 500 0 1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76 79 82 85 Total Efficiency at Fan Design Point Based on AMCA data base of 1.3 million fan selections, 45% of USA market 1/29/2015 16

New Metric: Fan Efficiency Ratio Fan Efficiency Ratio(FER) = Fan Efficiency Baseline Efficiency Varies along the fan curve Independent of fan type Two test configurations: ducted and non-ducted Think of the Baseline Efficiency as a minimum allowable fan efficiency (FER 1.0 is compliant) 1/29/2015 17

Fan Efficiency Ratio (FER) FER varies along the fan curve Pressure Pressure Power Efficiency Fan Input Power Airflow 1/29/2015 18

Fan Efficiency Ratio (FER) FER varies along the fan curve Pressure 2.0 Pressure FER 1.0 Fan Efficiency Ratio - FER 0 Airflow 1/29/2015 19

Static vs. Total Efficiency Ducted fans can use both static and velocity pressure to overcome system pressure losses. Ducted fans should be selected using total pressure and total efficiency is the correct measure of fan efficiency. With non-ducted fans, any velocity pressure at the fan discharge is immediately dissipated, making it unusable for any further work. Ducted fans must be selected and compared using static pressure, so static efficiency is the appropriate measure. 1/29/2015 20

Baseline Efficiency Increasing System Pressure and Fan Complexity Increasing Fan Size 1/29/2015 21

Baseline Efficiency Efficiency above the surface exceeds the baseline (FER>1) 1/29/2015 22

Fan Efficiency Ratio In terms of efficiency: Fan Efficiency Ratio = Fan Efficiency Baseline Efficiency In terms of power: Fan Efficiency Ratio = Baseline Power Fan Input Power 1/29/2015 23

Baseline Efficiency Equations For fans tested with a ducted outlet: η t,baseline = η t,target Q Q+Q 0 P t P t +P 0 For fans tested with a non-ducted outlet: η s,baseline = η s,target Q Q+Q 0 P s P s +P 0 1/29/2015 24

Baseline Power Equations For fans tested with a ducted outlet: H baseline = Q + Q 0 P t + P 0 6343 η t,target For fans tested with a non-ducted outlet: H baseline = Q + Q 0 P s + P 0 6343 η s,target parameters in blue are constants, 6343 is for I-P only 1/29/2015 25

Baseline Power Equations For fans tested with a ducted outlet: H baseline = Q + 250 P t + 0.4 6343 η t,target For fans tested with a non-ducted outlet: H baseline = Q + 250 P s + 0.4 6343 η s,target parameters in blue are constants, 6343 is for I-P only 1/29/2015 26

FER Baseline Constants P 0 impacts this curvature. P 0 was established at 0.40 (100 Pa) to match range of products available. Target efficiencies, η s,target and η t,target determine the overall level of the entire surface. Q 0 impacts this curvature. Q 0 was established at 250 cfm (0.12 m 3 /s) to match diameter effect of FEG curves. 1/29/2015 27

If this is what the metric looks like, what will the regulation look like? Pressure 2.0 Pressure FER 1.0 Fan Efficiency Ratio - FER Airflow 0 1/29/2015 28

FAN EFFICIENCY RATIO - SIMPLE How could FER be used? Body Federal Regulation ASHRAE 90.1 FER Requirement FER 1.0 at Peak & Design Point FER 1.0 at Design Point ASHRAE 189.1 FER 1.1 at Design Point Rebates FER = Savings over Baseline FER = 1.10 means 10% energy savings over baseline 29

What does this mean to System Design Professionals & Fan Manufacturers? XX% of fan selections in 2012 do not meet the regulation target XX --- subject to negotiation (5% to 55%) Database reveals the relationship between Target efficiency Non-compliance rate Reduction in connected load (energy savings) Price impact on customer Non-compliant selections can become compliant With a larger fan diameter, or With a different, more aerodynamic fan 1/29/2015 30

AMCA s Advocacy Stand Alone Fans Question what efficiency target? FER Formula Total 2012 Efficiency Non-compliance Fan Category Target Rate Ducted Fans Airfoil Centrifugal 62% Total 3.0% Backward Inclined Centrifugal 62% Total 7.2% Forward Curved Centrifugal 62% Total 36.9% Radial Bladed Centrifugal 62% Total 14.9% In-line Centrifugal 62% Total 40.8% Mixed Flow Fan 62% Total 5.9% Vane Axial 62% Total 7.0% Tube Axial 62% Total 13.2% Unducted Fans Unhoused BI or AF Centrifugal 56% Static 4.6% Centrifugal Roof Ventilator 56% Static 26.6% Axial Roof Ventilator 56% Static 39.0% Propeller Panel Fan 56% Static 15.2% FER < 1.0 is not compliant. FER Baseline uses 0.4 as the pressure constant and 250 as the cfm constant, with target efficiencies shown. For fan bhp 1 to 200. 1/29/2015 31

AMCA s Advocacy Driven by manufacturers List of Fan Categories which require more time (12-18 months) to deliberate. 1. Safety Fans dedicated and dual purpose 2. Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (corrosion resistant) 3. Fans in a box (air handler, large unitary, etc.) - 4. Circulating Fans 5. High Temp fans 6. Open Radial Fans (unshrouded impellers) 7. Air Curtains 8. Evaporative Coolers 9. Induced Flow Fans 10. Axial Impellers embedded in non-fan products - 11. Energy and Heat Recovery Ventilators 12. Panel fans that are currently certified under the BESS program 13. Jet Fans 1/29/2015 32

What does this mean to the Fan Manufacturers? American Department of Energy will Require Manufacturer to certify compliant range Require catalog data to identify compliant range Require Distributors/Reps to Inform Buyers Check Test Fans that are not third party certified 1/29/2015 33

What does this mean to Fan Selections? 1 in. wg 2 in. wg 3 in. wg 4 in. wg 5 in. wg 6 in. wg CFM RPM BHP FER RPM BHP FER RPM BHP FER RPM BHP FER RPM BHP FER RPM BHP FER 6000 830 1.39 1.47 1051 2.79 1.33 7000 900 1.72 1.38 1092 3.18 1.35 1267 4.83 1.28 8000 979 2.14 1.26 1142 3.64 1.34 1306 5.41 1.30 1458 7.34 1.25 9000 1064 2.66 1.14 1209 4.28 1.28 1358 6.13 1.29 1499 8.15 1.27 1633 10.3 1.23 10000 1152 3.28 1.03 1280 4.95 1.22 1411 6.86 1.28 1550 9.11 1.26 1674 11.3 1.25 1798 13.8 1.22 11000 1242 3.98 0.93 1359 5.79 1.15 1479 7.84 1.22 1597 10.0 1.26 1722 12.5 1.24 1835 14.9 1.24 12000 1336 4.82 0.84 1441 6.73 1.08 1549 8.82 1.19 1660 11.1 1.23 1770 13.6 1.25 1883 16.3 1.23 13000 1431 5.80 0.75 1528 7.86 1.00 1627 10.1 1.13 1728 12.4 1.19 1828 14.9 1.23 1932 17.6 1.23 14000 1527 6.94 0.67 1617 9.09 0.93 1707 11.3 1.07 1799 13.8 1.15 1897 16.6 1.18 1987 19.1 1.22 15000 1625 8.23 0.61 1706 10.4 0.86 1791 12.8 1.01 1878 15.5 1.10 1964 18.1 1.16 2054 21.1 1.19 16000 1724 9.68 0.55 1798 12.0 0.80 1879 14.6 0.95 1957 17.2 1.06 2038 20.0 1.12 17000 1823 11.3 0.50 1892 13.7 0.75 1967 16.4 0.90 2041 19.1 1.01 18000 1923 13.1 0.46 1986 15.6 0.69 2056 18.4 0.85 1/29/2015 34

What does this mean to Fan Selections? Electronic Fan Selection Software based on Total Pressure Design Point 10,000 CFM at 3.0 Pt Fan Size (in.) Fan Speed (rpm) Fan Power (bhp) Actual Total Efficiency Baseline Power (bhp) Baseline Total Efficiency FER H 18 3238 11.8 40.1% 7.96 59.4% 0.67 20 2561 9.56 49.5% 7.96 59.4% 0.83 22 1983 8.02 59.0% 7.96 59.4% 0.99 24 1579 6.84 69.1% 7.96 59.4% 1.16 27 1289 6.24 75.8% 7.96 59.4% 1.28 30 1033 5.73 82.5% 7.96 59.4% 1.39 33 887 5.67 83.4% 7.96 59.4% 1.40 36 778 6.01 78.7% 7.96 59.4% 1.32 1/29/2015 35

What does this mean to Fan Selections? Multiple Speed Fan Performance Curves Relatively High Efficiency Fan Large selection area Peak Efficiency Static Pressure FER 1.2 FER 1.1 FER 1.0 FER 0.9 Airflow 1/29/2015 36

What does this mean to Fan Selections? Multiple Speed Fan Performance Curves Relatively Low Efficiency Fan Small selection area Peak Efficiency Static Pressure FER 1.0 FER 0.9 FER 0.8 FER 0.7 Airflow 1/29/2015 37

What does this mean to Fan Selections? Constant Speed Adjustable Pitch Axial Fan Performance Total Pressure FER 1.1 FER 1.0 FER 0.9 25 30 35 20 15 5 10 Airflow 1/29/2015 38

What does this mean to Fan Selections? Multiple Speed Fan Performance Curves Relatively Low Efficiency Fan Small selection area Peak Efficiency Static Pressure Maximum speed in which FER 1.0 at Best Efficiency Point FER 1.0 FER 0.9 FER 0.8 Regulation FER must be 1.0 or greater at the Best Efficiency Point at the Maximum RPM. FER 0.7 Airflow 1/29/2015 39

Case Study: Square Inline Fan Ducted inlet, ducted outlet Inexpensive Easy to install Easy to maintain Low efficiency Fan shown without side for viewing internal components 1/29/2015 40

Square Inline Fan Size 30 (30 wheel) Entire Selection Range Max RPM Min RPM 1/29/2015 41

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Best Efficiency Point Max RPM Best Efficiency Point (BEP) Min RPM 1/29/2015 42

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Range of Fan Total Efficiency Max RPM Best Efficiency Point (BEP) Min RPM 1/29/2015 43

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Actual Fan Selections from 2012 295 Fans with Motors 1 hp 1/29/2015 44

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Proposed Regulation: FER 1 Approximately 40% of fan selections met the requirement 1/29/2015 45

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Selections covered by size 36 Approximately 70% of fan selections met by size 30 and 36 1/29/2015 46

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Selections covered by size 42 Approximately 90% of fan selections met by sizes 30, 36, and 42 15,000 CFM at 0.5 Pt 1/29/2015 47

Fan Model Product Substitution Design Point: 15,000 CFM at 0.5 Pt Design BHP FER Oper Cost ($/year) Weight (lbs) Housing Width Budget Cost Payback (years) Sq Inline 30 5.33 0.62 $1363 571 46 $3300 - Sq Inline 42 2.92 1.12 $758 735 58 $4050 1.22 Mixed Flow 27 2.77 1.18 $719 611 41 $6700 5.28 New Square Inline Fan with Improved Efficiency!!! 30 Sq Inline 42 Sq Inline 27 Mixed Flow New Lower Cost Mixed Flow Fan!!!

Allowable Selection Range: FER 1 at the Design Point of Operation 1/29/2015 49

Allowable Speed Range: FER 1 at the BEP at the Max RPM 1/29/2015 50

Square Inline Fan Size 30 Actual Fan Selections from 2012 Reduced max RPM eliminates 8% of fan selections and 15% of connected load 1/29/2015 51

Extended Products (wire-to-air) Electrical Power (kw) AMCA 207 Shaft Power (BHP) 1/29/2015 52

What does this mean to the Industry? EVERY Fan is compliant in some range EVERY Fan has a compliance window that limits it market EVERY Fan is a candidate for design improvement To increase its compliant selection range To expand market access Better Motor and Drive Efficiency Expands Compliant Range More so if motor enhances aerodynamics of fan 1/29/2015 53

What does this mean to Engineers? Ducted fans will be judged on total efficiency should be selected on total pressure Non-compliant selections resolved with larger diameter fan or a more aerodynamic shape, or more efficient drive Impact will be greater on less efficient fan categories Most efficient fans will also be lowest cost (smaller diameter) FER will reveal efficiency level at the design point 1/29/2015 54

What is the impact? (Depends on DOE min.) Example below FER Formula Total 2012 # of Fan Size* Increase Required for Compliance Requires Efficiency Non-compliance 1 2 3 4 new shape Fan Category Target Rate FER.87 to 1 FER.77 to.87 FER.69 to.77 FER <.67 (reqmt. > peak) Ducted Fans Airfoil Centrifugal 62% Total 3.0% 1.5% 0.9% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% Backward Inclined Centrifugal 62% Total 7.2% 3.6% 1.6% 0.9% 0.4% 0.7% Forward Curved Centrifugal 62% Total 36.9% 12.0% 12.6% 5.6% 5.0% 1.8% Radial Bladed Centrifugal 62% Total 14.9% 7.4% 4.6% 1.4% 0.2% 1.2% In-line Centrifugal 62% Total 40.8% 18.5% 8.8% 5.4% 4.7% 3.4% Mixed Flow Fan 62% Total 5.9% 3.5% 1.5% 0.4% 0.5% 0.0% Vane Axial 62% Total 7.0% 3.5% 1.1% 0.9% 0.0% 1.5% Tube Axial 62% Total 13.2% 6.3% 2.5% 2.1% 0.0% 2.3% Unducted Fans Unhoused BI or AF Centrifugal 56% Static 4.6% 1.9% 0.6% 0.3% 1.8% 0.0% Centrifugal Roof Ventilator 56% Static 26.6% 8.9% 6.1% 4.0% 7.3% 0.4% Axial Roof Ventilator 56% Static 39.0% 15.3% 8.9% 8.4% 6.1% 0.3% Propeller Panel Fan 56% Static 15.2% 7.2% 4.3% 1.6% 1.7% 0.4% * Actually, fans are available in nearly any diameter, but commonly purchased in sizes that are standardized with 12-15% efficiency gain for each larger size fan. These sizes are -- 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 24, 27, 30, 36, 40, 44, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 81 inch diameter impellers 1/29/2015 55

Potential for Air System Savings Fan Efficiency Drive Efficiency System Effects & System Leakage Fan Selection System Design

This Presenation can be found on AMCA.org web site 1/29/2015 57

Thank you. Questions? 1/29/2015 58

Specifying AMCA Certified Ratings Joe Brooks

Definitions Specification: an explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by the product. Requirement: singular documented physical and functional performance needs that must be met

Why specify a certified rating? To provide assurance of reliable and accurate published performance ratings testing information other pertinent information

AMCA Certified Ratings Program What: A program designed to provide performance assurances Why: To get the performance needed to meet design requirements How: Performance is based on standardized laboratory testing, publicized performance is independently checked, periodically verified, and is subject to challenges.

How to specify a product with an AMCA International Certified Rating Specify: the defining AMCA publication (e.g., AMCA 211, 311, 511, etc.), the test method (e.g., AMCA 210, ISO 5801, AMCA 500-L, etc.) the pertinent rating basis (e.g., testing in Installation Type B- free inlet, ducted outlet). Don t forget the performance desired (e.g., Beginning point of water penetration at XX ft/s per AMCA 500-L)

Please note: Is quoted performance certified need an APPROVED CATALOG APPROVED CATALOG Directory of Licensed Products Consider requiring an Approved Catalog to be included with all submittals/quotes/cut sheet

Please note:

Please note: Tested in accordance with AMCA Standard 210

Suggested wording for a fan spec.: Fans(s) shall be licensed to bear the AMCA-certified ratings seal for air performance and sound performance in accordance with AMCA 11, AMCA 211 and AMCA 311. Or The fan(s) shall be licensed to bear the AMCA Certified Ratings Seal. The fans shall be tested for air performance flow, rate, fan pressure, power, fan efficiency, air density, speed of rotation, and fan efficiency in accordance with AMCA 210/ASHRAE 51. Fan sound ratings shall be tested in accordance with AMCA 300 and shall comply with AMCA 301.

Suggested wording for a damper/ louver spec.: Damper(s) shall be licensed to bear the AMCA-certified ratings seal for air performance, air leakage, and efficiency in accordance with AMCA 11 and AMCA 511. Or Louver(s) shall be licensed to bear the AMCA-certified ratings seal for air performance, wind-driven rain, and water penetration in accordance with AMCA 11 and AMCA 511.

Specifying AMCA Certification Using the MasterSpec system Timothy E. Woerner, P.E., LEED AP, Certified Construciton Specifier

Specifying AMCA Certification Using the MasterSpec system Presented by: Timothy E. Woerner, P.E., LEED AP, Certified Construction Specifier ARCOM Engineering Specification Writer

MasterSpec Exclusively published by ARCOM Preeminent master guide specification system for use on building projects. Product of The American Institute of Architects (AIA)

Evaluations MasterSpec Cover Section Text Specification Coordination Drawing Coordination

MasterSpec Section Text Part of Contract Documents Concise Statements Instructions to specifiers Specifying assistance MasterWorks add-in Hyperlink to SpecAgent database Evaluations Explanations of Section Content References Sample drawing schedules

Standards and References Use of third party standards and references Specifications built around objective criteria Examples of other references NFPA, AHRI UL ASHRAE Standards 90.1, 62.1, 189.1

Performance Requirements In Section Text

Referenced Standards In Evaluations

Manufacturers In Section Text

SpecAgent Manufacturers hyperlinked from database into Section Text Convenient access to contact information www.specagent.com

SpecAgent Evaluation Shelf Select manufacturers for project Links to Corporate website Call Chat Representative (where available) References

Offerings to Manufacturers Open BPM No charge basic listing in SpecAgent Product MasterSpec Customized section text for manufacturer's products Makes editing for a specific product easier SpecBuilder Cloud-based web tool for manufacturer s website Other Enhancements

Offerings to Manufacturers Contact: ARCOM s Manufacturer Support Services Mfrs@arcomnet.com Call 800-424-5080

THANK YOU SEE ME FOR QUESTIONS.

Thank you for your time! This concludes the educational content of this activity www.amca.org

Closing Remarks and Announcements

Reception!

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