ERDF Smart Solutions for RES Integration Laurent KARSENTI, ERDF Session 05: Grid Dynamics and Avoidance of Large Disturbances Wednesday 4 th November 2015 European Utility Week, Vienna, Austria
Challenges of RES int egrat ion in t he French cont ext 2 88% of PV plants and wind farms are connected to the distribution network managed by ERDF The power of these installations is continuously growing In August 2015 8,8 GW of wind farms 5,1 GW of PV plants RES integration is therefore a key challenge for ERDF In order to facilitate RES integration onto transmission and distribution networks and plan associated works, Regional Plans for the connection of RES («Schémas Régionaux de Raccordement au Réseau des Énergies Renouvelables» or SRRRER) are being implemented. 19 SRRRER have been approved and published 2 SRRRER have been elaborated and are being examined Capareseau.fr a website to consult the queue for grid connection requests ERDF has elaborated a Roadmap for the industrialisation of Smart Grid solutions by 2018, with the facilitation of RES integration onto the distribution network as one of its major objectives
Manage high volt age sit uat ions t o optimise host ing capacit y Impact of RES on voltage profile 3 INITIAL STATE HIGH VOLTAGE SITUATIONS SOLUTIONS MV net work volt age Ten years ago, voltage was decreasing along the MV feeders and current was flowing in one direction, from generation to consumers In case of production, voltage may exceed contractual limits To manage these events, it is necessary to calculate the voltage profile (state estimation) and use control voltage functions: Local regulation Centralised regulation
Manage high voltage situations to optimise hosting capacity Local Voltage Regulation Solution 4 Local voltage regulation law Q=f(U) Overview First results V PDL MV PRODUCER Q = f(u) regulation law Q REF MV net work CP Volt age measurement Production machine Q Increase of the hosting capacity A Q=f(U) law with a dead band zone for MV producers connected to non-dedicated feeders, which is simple to implement Positive feedbacks from experiments (PV plants and wind farms) Optimised solicitation of DG s reactive power Possibility to increase the Qmin threshold while controlling network losses
Manage high volt age sit uat ions t o optimise host ing capacit y Centralised Voltage Regulation Solution 5 Network automation functions Overview Smart MV/ LV Secondary Substations MV and LV high-precision sensors Smart fault indicators Telecommunication system Increased observability V, I sensors V, I sensors V, I sensors Data collection Control Room SCADA Bus Other functions State estimation Voltage regulation MV PRODUCER Q = f(u) regulation law P, Q, V, I sensors DER Interface HV/ MV PRIMARY SUBSTATION P, Q sensors HV/MV Transformer with OLTC Substation control & monitoring system Optimal voltage set point order Coordination between local and centralised regulation functions
Anticipate net work constraints in coordination with ot her act ors to maximise RES generat ion Operational Planning Solution 6 ERDF s work programmes RTE s work programmes Production and consumption forecasts Forecasts from Year-1 to Day-1 at the Primary Substation level (based on historical, weather, network operations data) Consumptions Distributed Renewable Energy Sources Producers work programmes Flexibility Offers Operat ional Planning Works Programming of Annual Works Short-term Programming and Preparation of Works Network Operations Detection of Network Constraints Identification of optimisation levers for Network Operations Maximise generation from DRES Manage works on the grid Modernise and improve coordination with producers Manage: - the use of flexibilities in an optimal way - their impact on the grid
Propose alternat ive grid connect ion offers t o reduce connect ion cost s and t ime for Producers MV network connection solution with temporary power limitation 7 Some grid connection requests from MV producers may lead to important works on the network Alternative solutions could be proposed to Producers (provided that the regulatory framework would evolve) Objective Transit Constraints HV/MV Transformer Control Room Forecasts / Constraints Simulation Existing Transformer HV/ MV PRIMARY SUBSTATION Voltage constraints on the feeder Alternative grid connection offer: existing feeder New Transformer Reference grid connection offer : dedicated feeder MV PRODUCER DER Interface Reduce connection costs and time for the producer, by contracting the possibility to limit power in case of network constraints Transmission of power limitation orders based on simulated constraints Solution tested in
Tests preparing Smart Grid industrialisation and other perspectives Overview of tested technical solutions designed to facilitate RES integration 8 Boulogne-sur-Mer Solutions tested on the field To be industrialised by 2018 MV Voltage Regulation Operational Planning for work programmes Nantes Chartres Vendeuvre-sur-Barse Barjols Aix-en-Provence Nice Alternative grid connection offers (with temporary power limitation) Perspectives beyond 2018: Short-term Operational Planning and Storage solutions Short-term Operational Planning: merit-order In case of network constraint, simulation of the activation of optimisation levers to determine the most efficient options according to a technical and economic optimum (network reconfiguration, power limitation orders to MV Producers ) Storage Solicitation of storage capacities connected to the distribution network in order to: facilitate the integration of PV plants onto LV networks (NiceGrid) Implement a multi-services multi-actors approach to facilitate the integration of wind farms onto MV networks (Venteea)