BIPV Training - B&C meeting Giacomo Gallizia 20 September 2012
HOW DOES A GRID CONNECT PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WORK? 2 Solar modules convert sunlight into DC 1 Sunlight hits solar modules. 3 4 All unused energy can be fed back into the grid. Your meter will record how much energy you produced per day. Solar inverter converts DC into 220V AC power household electricity No. 1
WHAT DO I NEED TO SET UP MY SOLAR SYSTEM? Sunny (non shady space) Lexan BIPV Panel Inverter Monitoring No. 2
HOW DOES A STAND ALONE PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM WORK? A stand alone system doesn t have a connection with the grid. Normally they are used in applications where the electrical grid is not available. They are usually composed of different devices: modules, charge controller, battery and loads. In some case it is possible to add to the system an inverter that converts DC in AC and that can be used for AC-load. The energy management is done by the charge controller that avoids battery damage by excessive charging and discharging and optimizes the electricity production of the modules using a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). The battery is used to store the produced power.. No. 3
WHAT S SOLAR ENERGY? The sun delivers 100-320W/m² to earth Global Energy consumption~132,000twh The sun delivers 100x the global energy consumption Some area s have more intense sun than others The sun is there EVERY day, without exception! Some areas have more hours of sun than others Some days have more sun than others No. 4
WHAT S SOLAR ENERGY? Location/Solar irradiation at the site Depending on the location of the PV site the solar radiation can be different. Typically in the South of Europe the solar radiation measured in Kwatth/year will be higher than in the North of Europe. Orientation The orientation of the PV modules plays a really important role in order to try to maximize the power production. To produce the maximum power the panels must be as much as possible South oriented. Tilt The best inclination from the horizontal of the panel in order to produce more energy depends on the location. For example in Italy on average it is about 30. Temperature The performance of PV modules decreases with increasing temperature Shading Buildings, trees, shelters, or other things that eventually can shadow part of the PV panel, can result in a poor performance in terms of output. The produced energy can fall dramatically up to 50% of the original value No. 5
WHAT S SOLAR ENERGY? Example 1: Rome Italy Photovoltaic system power: 1kW Location: Rome Estimated losses of cables, inverter : 14% Estimated losses due to temperature: 14.8% Estimated loss due to the reflection of the light: 2.7% Inclination from the horizontal of the panel: 33 Estimation of the energy produced in one year: 1190 kwh Example 2: Palermo Italy Photovoltaic system power: 1kW Location: Palermo Estimated losses of cables, inverter, : 14% Estimated losses due to temperature: 15.4% Estimated loss due to the reflection of the light: 2.6% Inclination from the horizontal of the panel: 32 Estimation of the energy produced in one year: 1320 kwh Example 3: Paris France Photovoltaic system power: 1kW Location: Paris Estimated losses of cables, inverter, : 14% Estimated losses due to temperature: 13.8% Estimated loss due to the reflection of the light: 3.0% Inclination from the horizontal of the panel: 33 Estimation of the energy produced in one year: 901 kwh Example 4: Stockholm Sweden Photovoltaic system power: 1kW Location: Stockholm Estimated losses of cables, inverter, : 14% Estimated losses due to temperature: 11.9% Estimated loss due to the reflection of the light: 2.9% Inclination from the horizontal of the panel: 40 Estimation of the energy produced in one year: 829 kwh Esempio 5: Sevilla Spain Photovoltaic system power: 1kW Location: Sevilla Estimated losses of cables, inverter, : 14% Estimated losses due to temperature: 17.4% Estimated loss due to the reflection of the light: 2.6% Inclination from the horizontal of the panel: 33 Estimation of the energy produced in one year: 1330 kwh http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvgis/ No. 6
LEXAN* BIPV PANELS Lexan* Buiding Integrated Photovoltaic panel. High insulation, light management, flexibility and energy production. The new Lexan* BIPV Panel is an all-inone solution. Bringing the best out of two worlds together the Lexan* BIPV Panel combines Lexan Thermoclear* sheet with solar power panels. Known for its excellent thermal insulation properties, now Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet can produce renewable energy No. 7
HOW DOES IT WORK? Lexan* BIPV panel combines the characteristics of Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet with the production of electrical energy. Flexible Photovoltaic panel Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet No. 8
WHAT ARE THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF LEXAN* THERMOCLEAR* SHEET? Very good thermal insulation Ease of installation on site with conventional tools, saving time and cost Light weight Proprietary UV resistance surface best-in-class warranty for the lowest delta YI and delta LT values with 10-15 year limited written warranty option. Aesthetics broad portfolio in variety of colors, structures and coatings Fire resistant complies with EU fire standard EN 13501-1 and ASTM D-635 CC1 and ASTM E-84 Class A No. 9
WHAT ARE THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF FLEXIBLE PV PANEL? Flexibility Thickness 1.5mm Transparency Light weight 1m 2 about 2.5Kg IEC Certification Energy Production No. 10
LEXAN* BIPV PANELS Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet + Flexible Photovoltaic panel Lexan* BIPV Panel No. 11
WHY LEXAN* BIPV PANEL? Easy Installation saving installation time and cost Light Weight it is much lighter than standard photovoltaic panel High Thermal Insulation U value can reach a value lower than 1 Watt/m2K Flexibility It can be bended without problems Transparency It is transparent or semitransparent Building Integration It is not just a PV panel it can be also a cover or a wall cladding or a window Energy Production The efficiency is similar to the efficiency of a standard PV panel 1 No. 12
WHAT CAN BE THE APPLICATION? Shelters Stadia Carports Windows Roof covers Wall Cladding No. 13
HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT MATERIAL? STEP 1: Choose the Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet. Consider the desired U value, weight and loading performances. Product @ Gauge Weight Uvalue # LT [mm] [Kg/m2] [W/m2K] [%LT] LT2UV105RS 10 1.75 2.39 65 LT2UV163TS 16 2.7 2.27 74 LT2UV169X 16 2.5 1.77 54 LT2UV209X 20 2.8 1.59 53 LT2UV259X 25 3.0 1.40 51 LT2UV509X 40 4.8 0.99 50 @ These property values have been derived from Lexan* resin data for the material used to produce this sheet product # U-values based on Sabic calculated values according ISO 10077 (EN673) LT (Light Transmission) measurements according ISO 9050 (EN 410) on 600x600 mm samples No. 14
HOW TO SELECT THE RIGHT MATERIAL? STEP 2: Choose the solar power panel. Consider your energy needs. Higher power means optimized shading management. Characteristics CV70 CV80 CV140 CV160 Peak power [W] 70 80 140 160 Module efficiency [%] 14 14 14.2 14.2 N Solar cells 18 20 36 40 Max Bending 25% 25% 25% 25% Width [mm] 380 670 745 1300 Height [mm] 1560 880 1560 880 Weight [Kg] 1.5 1.7 3.0 3.3 No. 15
FLEXIBLE PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL CV70 Dimensions: 380x1560mm Thickness: 1.5mm Weight: 1.5Kg Power: 70 Watt I max: 7.6A V max: 9.5V Cells N : 18 CV140 Dimensions: 745x1560mm Thickenss: 1.5mm Weight: 3Kg Power: 140 Watt I max: 7.6A V max: 19V Cells N : 36 No. 16
FLEXIBLE PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL CV80 Dimensions: 670x880mm Thickness: 1.5mm Weight: 1.7Kg Power: 80 Watt I max: 7.5A V max: 12.6V Cells N : 20 CV160 Dimensions: 1300x880mm Thickness: 1.5mm Weight: 3.3Kg Power: 160 Watt I max: 7.5A V max: 25.1V Cells N : 40 No. 17
JUNCTION BOX The Junction Box is not applied on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. It is applied on the thickness of the MWS. In this way the profiles protect juction box and cables from snow, rain, storm, sun No. 18
1 ESAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV140 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 710 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visible on the outside structure LT of the part of panel with the cells will be about 20% LT of the part of panel without the cells will be about 74% On average the LT will be about 53% No. 19
2 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV70 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 350 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visible on the outside structure LT of the part of panel with the cells will be about 48% LT of the part of panel without the cells will be about 74% On average the LT will be about 64% No. 20
3 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 1600 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visible on the outside structure The LT of panels with the cells will be about 15% The LT of panels without the cells will be about 74% No. 21
4 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 1200 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visibleon the outside structure The LT of panels with the cells will be about 15% The LT of panels without the cells will be about 74% No. 22
5 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 2000 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visible on the outside structure The LT of panels with the cells will be about 15% No. 23
6 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 1200 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visible on the outside structure LT of the part of panel with the cells will be about 15% LT of the part of panel without the cells will be about 74% On average the LT will be about 39% No. 24
7 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 Roof dimensions: 3x4m.. Sheet dimensions: 1500x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. The PV panel will be laminated on the right or on the left of the mws. It cannot be applied in the middle. The reason it is that, for an aesthetic point of view the cables cannot be visible. If the PV panel was laminated in the middle of each mws, cables and junction box couldn t be hided. No. 25
7 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV80 For the same reason it will not be able to laminate the PV panels one on top of the other. Infact cables and junction boxes would be visible and this wouldn t be ok from an aesthetic point of view. For the same reason if we decide to use the Lexan Thermoclick sheet the only possible solutions would be the examples n 1 and 2. Infact with the Lexan Thermoclick sheet we don t have profile where we can hide the cables. No. 26
8 EXAMPLE: LEXAN THERMOCLEAR + CV140 Roof dimensions: 5x4m. Multiwall sheet: Lexan Thermoclear 16mm 3RS 112. Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm. Constraints: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides. Power: 1420 Watt All the junction boxes and cables will be covered by the profiles and will not be visibleon the outside structure The LT of panels with the cells will be about 20% The LT of panels without the cells will be about 74% No. 27
THERMAL DILATATION It is a tipical junction box used in the bulding integrated photovoltaic panels. It is not applied on the surface of the photovoltaic panel but it is applied on the side of it Due to the thermal expansion and the movement of the sheet inside the profiles it could happen that the junction box and the flexible PV panel come in contact with the profile. To prevent this problem, that could cause the breakage of the junction box or the delamination of the flexible photovoltaic panel from the Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet, a spacer must be introduced inside the profile. This spacer have to be glued in the profile and must have a thickness lower than the gauge of the Lexan* Thermoclear* sheet and a width longer than 12mm. No. 28
CURVED APPLICATIONS The lexan BIPV panel cannot always be curved Example 1: - Flexible PV panels: CV70 - Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm - Constraint: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides - The JB is placed on the short side of the MWS. - The lexan BIPV panel can be curved. No. 29
CURVED APPLICATIONS The lexan BIPV panel cannot always be curved Example 2: - Flexible PV panels: CV70 - Sheet dimensions: 1000x4000mm - Constraint: Aluminum profiles on the 4 sides - The JB is placed on the long side of the MWS. - The JB is rigid (It is not flexible) - The Lexan BIPV panel cannot be curved. No. 30
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