ABB LTD. ABB Ltd. was originally a JVC between the Vietnamese Transformers Manufacture CTBT and the International Electromechanical group ABB Company was established 1st Sep. 1994 Distribution Transformers Factory ABB Power Distribution ABB
ABB Ltd. FACTORY IN HANOI
ABB Power Distribution ISO 9001 Certificate
Oil Type Small Distribution Transformers (31.5-250 kva) Construction features Description ABB Distribution Transformers manufactures three phase oil type small distribution transformers within the range up to 250 kva and 36kV. The transformers are adaptable for pole mounting or assembly in substations. Standard features Hermetically sealed transformers completely filled with oil: -Corrugating tanks -High and low voltage bushings in accordance with DIN 42531 and DIN 42530 -Off-circuit tap changer in five positions -Lifting lugs -Earthing terminals Pressure relief valve. -Thermometer pocket in accordance with DIN 42554 (standard form 50 kva) -Filling pipe. -Drain cock -Rating plate -Uninhibited oil Oil level indicator. Transformers can also be manufactured with conservators. Other product types with different dimensions and technical specifications can be designed and manufactured on request. ABB Power Distribution
Core The magnetic circuit is of the three-column type with mitred joints. It is manufactured with firstrate, grain oriented silicon iron sheets insulated with carlite. The mounted core is clamped down in order to reduce vibrations and minimize noise levels. Windings The windings are either made of copper or aluminum; they are insulated with either pure cellulose or double enamel. Furthermore, the complete columns are manufactured to withstand short circuit stresses. Off-circuit tap changer The tapping (±2 x 2.5%) of the HV winding, are connected to the off-circuit tap changer located horizontally between the yoke and the tank cover. The handle is located on the cover and should be operated when the transformer is deactivated. The design prevents setting the off-circuit tap changer to intermediate positions. The mechanism can also be padlocked during normal transformer operation. Insulating oil The mineral oil with its electrical and chemical characteristics is in compliance with the IEC Standards and is P.C.B. and P.C.T. free. Tank and cover The sides of the tank are made of corrugated cooling surfaces. The bottom plate, side and frames are of welded construction. The welds are tested for oil tightness. The thermometer pockets, bushings, tap switch drive and lifting lugs are fitted on the tank cover. The cover is bolted to the tank frame. The undercarriage is welded the bottom plate and the rollers are suitable for either longitudinal or transverse movements. Painting and surface treatment Transformers are either hot-dip galvanized or painted. The metal parts are carefully sandblasted. The painting system is a powder coated. The topcoat is RAL 7033 or customized. The hot-dip galvanizing is 70 um minimum. ABB Power Distribution
Options and accessories -Plug-in bushings on HV -Max thermometer -Dial type thermometer with two contacts. -Off-circuit tap changer with 3 or 7 positions -Skid base -Bi-directional rollers Sparking gaps. -Pressure relief device with contacts. -Cable boxes -Integrated pole brackets on tank. Total enclosure on cover over HV and LV bushings. Testing The transformers are manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001. At the end of the manufacturing process the transformers are individually tested in accordance with the IEC Standards. The routine tests are: a) Measurement of the winding resistance b) Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of the vector group c) Measurement of the impedance voltage and measurement of load losses d) Measurement of no load losses and no local current e) Dielectric tests Upon request, witnessed type/special tests can be carried out. ABB Power Distribution
KVA HV1 (V) HV2 (V) LV (V) Vector Group Impedance (%) NLLooss (W) LLooss (W) Noise level (db) Total weight (kg) Oil weight (kg) Length (mm) L Width (mm) W Heigth (mm) H Ween base (mm) D 50 10000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1150 520 50 15000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1225 520 50 22000 400 YynO 4.0 200 1,250 50 410 140 880 730 1225 520 50 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 105 900 48 450 140 880 680 1210 520 50 35000 400 YynO 4.5 240 1,250 50 480 180 910 740 1380 520 50 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 200 1,250 50 430 160 880 730 1265 520 50 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 200 1,250 50 450 180 880 730 1350 520 50 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 200 1,250 50 450 180 880 730 1350 520 100 10000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 170 900 730 1180 520 100 15000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520 100 20000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520 100 22000 400 YynO 4.0 320 2050 52 560 164 900 730 1255 520 100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 285 1720 52 600 180 980 735 1280 520 100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 170 1450 49 680 180 960 730 1280 520 100 22000 6000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 320 2050 52 590 200 900 730 1420 520 100 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 328 1800 50 615 175 960 740 1150 520 100 35000 400 YynO 4.5 360 2050 52 710 240 1010 750 1455 520 100 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 360 2050 52 720 260 1010 750 1530 520 100 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 230 900 730 1250 520 100 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520 100 22000 11000 400 Dyn11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520 100 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 320 2050 52 610 220 900 730 1350 520 160 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1240 520 160 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1315 520 160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 2950 52 820 230 1280 790 1315 520 160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 260 1980 52 850 210 990 780 1350 520 160 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 462 2545 52 765 195 1020 740 1235 520 160 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 2950 52 945 305 1160 765 1510 520 160 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 530 2950 52 970 330 1160 765 1575 520 160 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 220 1280 790 1450 520 160 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 260 1280 790 1450 520 160 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 500 2950 52 850 260 1280 790 1450 520 ABB Power Distribution
KVA HV1 (V) HV2 (V) LV (V) Vector Group Impedance (%) NLLooss (W) LLooss (W) Noise level (db) Total weight (kg) Oil weight (kg) Length (mm) L Width (mm) W Heigth (mm) H Ween base (mm) D 180 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 530 3150 52 830 220 1280 790 1240 520 180 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 530 3150 52 830 220 1280 790 1315 520 180 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 580 3150 52 970 300 1160 765 1510 520 180 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 580 3150 52 985 300 1160 765 1575 520 180 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 245 1280 790 1360 520 180 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 250 1280 790 1450 520 180 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 530 3150 52 870 250 1280 790 1450 520 200 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1265 520 200 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1340 520 200 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 550 3450 52 895 240 1310 810 1340 520 200 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 600 3450 52 1065 320 1395 850 1540 520 200 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 600 3450 52 1080 330 1395 850 1610 520 200 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 550 3450 52 900 250 1310 810 1370 520 200 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 550 3450 52 930 280 1310 810 1450 520 250 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 4100 54 1050 275 1390 840 1305 520 250 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 4100 54 1050 275 1390 840 1380 520 250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 640 3000 54 1050 275 1390 840 1380 520 250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 360 3565 50 1100 270 1080 770 1440 520 250 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 610 4100 53 1000 225 1300 770 1280 520 250 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 680 4100 53 1170 340 1450 880 1565 520 250 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 680 4100 53 1180 350 1450 880 1630 520 250 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1405 520 250 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1485 520 250 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 640 4100 54 1070 280 1390 840 1485 520 ABB Power Distribution
Oil Type Medium Distribution Transformers (250-1300 kva) Construction features Description MDT transformers are used to step down three phase high voltage to low voltage for power distribution, mainly in metropolitan areas and for industrial applications. The transformers in standard version are designed for use in moderate climates and can be installed both outdoors and indoors: The loading is in accordance with IEC 354. MDT transformers are hermetically sealed (the tank is completely filled with oil) or equipped with oil conservator. Both types are equipped with flexible corrugated tank walls enabling sufficient cooling of the transformers. They also compensate for the changes in the oil volume during operation. An advantage of the hermetically sealed transformers is that the oil is never in contact with the atmosphere thus avoiding periodic oil analysis. Standard features Hermetically sealed. - Oil filling pipe on the cover. - Oil-level indicator. - The two filling lugs on the cover are made for lifting the transformer or its removable part. - Corrugated tank. - Undercarriage with bidirectional rollers. - Pressure relief vales. - Oil drain valve. - Off-circuit tap changer handle. - Earthing terminals. - Rating plate. Additionally, for transformer (Rated power >= 1000 kva) - Max thermometer. - Buchholz relay. Core The cores of the transformers are made of grain oriented magnetic, cold-rolled silicon steel laminations with low losses. Windings The windings of the transformers are made of the high grade electrolytic copper or aluminum. The High Voltage windings are wound either with round, enamel insulated, or shaped, paper insulated wire. The low voltage windings are wound with shaped, paper insulated wire of foil. The winding construction is characterized by high dielectric strength with high resistance to atmospheric surges and to the effects of short-circuits. Neutral points of the Low Voltage windings are brought to the tank cover. Off-circuit tap changer The off-circuit tap changer is of a 5 position type connected on the High Voltage side with handle located on the cover. The tap changer should be operated only when the transformer is deactivated. ABB Power Distribution
Insulating oil The mineral oil with its electrical and chemical characteristics is in compliance with the IEC Standards and is P.C.B. and P.C.T. free. Tank and cover The cover is bolted to the tank frame. The transformer undercarriage is provided with bi-directional rollers turntable by π/2 rad (90 o ) to allow longitudinal and transverse movement on flat surface. Painting and surface treatment All metal parts are carefully sandblasted. External surfaces are painted immediately after pretreatment with an anti-prime coat. The finishing coat would be powder coated at 50 µm. If requested a hot-dip galvanized corrugated steel tank can be provided. transformers are individually tested in accordance with the IEC Standards. The routine tests are: a) Measurement of the winding resistance b) Measurement of the voltage ratio and check of the vector group c) Measurement of the impedance voltage and measurement of load losses d) Measurement of no load losses and no local current e) Dielectric tests Upon request, witnessed type/special tests can be carried out. Conservator transformer type Options and accessories - Plug-in - Sparking gaps - Pressure relief device with contacts - Cable boxes - Integrated pole brackets on tank - Skid base - Bi-directional rollers - Total enclosure on cover over HV and LV bushings. Testing The transformers are manufactured in accordance with ISO 9001. At the end of the manufacturing process the KVA HV1(V) HV2 (V) LV(V) Vector Group Impedance (%) No-Load Loss (W) Load Loss (W) Noise level (db) Total weight (kg) Oil weight Length (mm) L Width (mm) W Height (mm) H Wheel base (mm) D 315 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1340 670 315 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1415 670 315 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 720 4850 54 1210 305 1400 890 1415 670 315 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 800 4850 54 1410 395 1485 900 1615 670 315 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 800 4850 54 1450 410 1485 900 1685 670 315 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 720 4850 54 1250 315 1400 890 1410 670 315 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 720 4850 54 1270 330 1400 890 1490 670 315 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 720 4850 54 1270 330 1400 890 1490 670 400 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1380 670 400 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1455 670 400 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 880 5750 54 1400 335 1490 880 1455 670 400 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 500 3700 51 1650 335 1200 770 1450 670 400 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 980 5750 54 1600 415 1540 925 1630 670 ABB Power Distribution
KVA HV1(V) HV2 (V) LV(V) Vector Group Impedance (%) No-Load Loss (W) Load Loss (W) Noise level (db) Total weight (kg) Oil weight Length (mm) L Width (mm) W Height (mm) H Wheel base (mm) D 400 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 980 5750 54 1680 400 1540 925 1710 670 400 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 880 5750 54 1450 350 1490 880 1470 670 400 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 880 5750 54 1490 380 1490 880 1550 670 400 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 880 5750 54 1490 380 1490 880 1550 670 500 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1480 670 500 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1555 670 500 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 950 7000 54 1700 400 1550 930 1555 670 500 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7000 54 1840 480 1610 930 1735 670 500 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1000 7000 54 1890 500 1610 980 1790 670 500 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 950 7000 54 1690 400 1550 930 1545 670 500 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 950 7000 54 1710 420 1550 930 1625 670 500 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 950 7000 54 1710 420 1550 930 1625 670 560 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1000 7500 54 1660 390 1530 940 1450 670 560 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1000 7500 54 1660 390 1530 940 1530 670 560 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1100 7500 54 1900 500 1640 1020 1720 670 560 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1100 7500 54 1980 550 1460 1020 1740 670 560 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1790 440 1530 940 1620 670 560 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1820 460 1530 940 1700 670 560 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1000 7500 54 1820 460 1530 940 1700 670 630 10000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1485 670 630 15000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1560 670 630 22000 400 Dyn11 4.0 1200 8200 55 1980 440 1585 955 1560 670 630 35000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1300 8200 55 2230 560 1640 960 1760 670 630 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 705 5100 54 2200 450 1600 920 1480 670 630 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1300 8200 55 2250 580 1640 960 1830 670 630 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1590 670 630 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670 630 22000 11000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670 630 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 4.5 1200 8200 55 1980 480 1585 955 1670 670 750 10000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1505 670 750 15000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1580 670 750 22000 400 Dyn11 4.5 1400 10000 56 2260 510 1730 1035 1580 670 750 35000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1520 10000 56 2390 610 1720 1000 1505 670 750 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 5.0 1520 10000 56 2500 660 1720 1000 1505 670 750 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2350 560 1730 1035 1850 670 750 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670 750 22000 10500 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670 750 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.0 1400 10000 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670 800 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1505 670 800 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1580 670 800 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1400 10500 56 2300 510 1730 1035 1580 670 ABB Power Distribution
KVA HV1(V) HV2 (V) LV(V) Vector Group Impedance (%) No-Load Loss (W) Load Loss (W) Noise level (db) Total weight (kg) Oil weight Length (mm) L Width (mm) W Height (mm) H Wheel base (mm) D 800 22000 400 Dyn11 6.0 965 4840 56 3200 580 1520 970 1485 670 800 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 1520 10500 56 2480 630 1720 1000 1760 670 800 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 1520 10500 56 2550 660 1720 1000 1850 670 800 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2450 580 1730 1035 1575 670 800 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670 800 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.5 1400 10500 56 2500 600 1730 1035 1660 670 1000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1690 820 1000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1740 820 1000 22000 400 Dyn11 5.0 1750 13000 57 2800 640 1725 1025 1740 820 1000 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 1900 13000 57 3100 770 1800 1040 1850 820 1000 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 1900 13000 57 3150 800 1800 1040 1920 820 1000 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1750 13000 57 2850 690 1725 1025 1740 820 1000 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 5.5 1750 13000 57 3000 710 1725 1025 1790 820 1000 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 5.5 1750 13000 57 3000 710 1725 1025 1790 820 1250 10000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1700 820 1250 15000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1750 820 1250 22000 400 Dyn11 6.0 2050 15000 58 3400 770 1980 1185 1750 820 1250 35000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2150 15000 58 3800 900 2020 1240 1885 820 1250 35000 22000 400 YDynO-11 6.5 2050 15000 58 4000 920 2020 1240 1930 820 1250 22000 15000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3550 800 1980 1185 1750 820 1250 22000 10000 400 Dyn11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3600 820 1980 1185 1820 820 1250 22000 6300 400 YDynO-11 6.5 2050 15000 58 3600 820 1980 1185 1820 820 ABB Power Distribution
SPECIFICATION FOR DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER CONTENTS 1.0 Scope 2.0 Codes and Standards 3.0 Quality Assurance 4.0 Transformer Technical Requirement 5.0 Test 6.0 Accessories 7.0 Documentation 8.0 Parts 1.0 SCOPE 1.1 The ABB Distribution transformer design is the basis for this specification. 1.2 This specification together with the applicable Transformer Data Sheet provides the technical requirements for the design, manufacture and test of distribution transformers. 1.3 This specification covers only the general requirements of the transformer. The specific requirements are stated on detailed on the Transformer Data Sheet. 2.0 CODES AND STANDARDS 2.1 All codes and standards referenced in this specification shall be those in effect at the time of Purchase Order award. Deviations from this specification and referenced codes and standards shall be obtained in writing from Buyer. 2.1.1 International Electrical Committee Standards ( IEC) 2.1.2 Vietnamese Standards ( TCVN) 2.1.3 Customized 2.1 It shall be the Seller s responsibility to be, or to become, knowledgeable of the requirements of these Codes and Standards. Any required changes or alterations to the equipment to meet the Codes and Standards requirements shall be at the expense of the Seller. 2.2 Equipment proposed by the Seller that cannot fully meet the requirements of this specification shall have all exceptions clearly stated in the proposal. No exception shall be allowed, unless approved by the Buyer in writing.
3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE 3.1 ABB Transformers Ltd have specialized in the design, manufacture and assembly of distribution transformers for a minimum of 5 years. 3.2 We had a well documented quality assurance program, which includes procedures for all activities in order entry, design, material procurement, manufacturing processes, testing, shipping and post shipment product follow. 3.3 Our test floor had a documented calibration program. All equipment have received regular calibrations. Calibration standards shall be traceable to National Bureau of Standards. Records of all equipment calibration shall be made available to the Buyer upon request. 3.4 ABB Transformers Ltd. is certified to ISO 9001:1994 for design and manufacture of Power Distribution Transformer. A certificate of Compliance to this requirement shall be provided with the proposal. 4.0 TRANSFORMER TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT 4.1 Winding Characteristics 4.1.1 All windings and internal connections shall be copper or aluminum. 4.1.2 The windings shall be tightly wound utilizing tension devices to place the conductor into the coils. 4.1.3 For optimum dielectric and mechanical strength, a minimum of two sheets of epoxy coated insulation shall be placed between each layer in the winding. 4.1.4 Sheet conductor shall be used in secondary winding to minimize vertical short circuit forces. 4.1.5 The transformer shall be designed and constructed to be completely self protected by its ability to withstand the external short-circuits, as defined by IEC standard. 4.1.6 The transformer design shall be capable of operating above rated voltage or below rated frequency in accordance with IEC standard. 4.1.7 The impedance shall be as specified on the Transformer Data Sheet. (IEC tolerance shall apply.) 4.2 Sound Level The distribution transformer shall be designed and constructed to minimize the audible noise generated with the transformer energized at rated voltage in operation. The acceptable noise level shall be in accordance with NEMA standard TR 1. 4.2 Bushings 4.2.1 High voltage and low voltage bushings shall be furnished with the ratings shown on the Transformer Data Sheet. 4.2.2 The bushings shall be cover mounted and suitable for high and low voltage terminations as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet.
4.2.3 Bushing location other than cover will be so documented on the Transformer Data Sheet. 4.3 Core 4.3.1 The core shall be clamped and braced to resist distortion caused by shortcircuit stresses within rating or transportation handling and to prevent the shifting of core laminations. 4.3.2 The core shall be constructed of high-grade, grain oriented, silicon steel laminations, with high magnetic permeability. Core construction shall have proper joints to keep core losses, excitation current and noise level at a minimum. 4.5 De-Energized Tap Changer 4.5.1 A manually operated de-energized tap changer shall be provided for changing the primary winding taps. 4.5.2 Full capacity taps shall be located in the high voltage windings and shall be in accordance with the Transformer Data Sheet. 4.5.3 The tap changer shall be capable of carrying the full transformer short-circuit current without damage or contact separation. 4.5.4 The tap changer shall be gang operated from a single operating point and shall have a position indicator. 4.5.5 The tap changer operating mechanism shall include provisions for pad locking in each tap position. 4.6 Insulating Fluid And Preservation System 4.6.1 The fluid preservation system shall be a sealed tank type. 4.6.2 The insulating fluid shall be mineral oil or Silicone oil. 4.6.3 The transformer insulating fluid shall be certified to contain no detectable PCB s at the time of shipment and the tank shall be so labeled. Certification shall also be provided that the transformer and components have not been contaminated with PCB s prior to shipment. 4.6.4 The transformer insulating fluid shall meet or exceed the requirements of the appropriate IEC and ASTM fluid Standards. The transformer fluid shall be tested for dielectric breakdown and moisture content just prior at the time of shipment. 4.7 Tank Design 4.7.1 The transformer tank, cooling equipment and compartments subject to pressures shall be designed to withstand, without permanent deformation, pressures of at least twenty-five percent greater than maximum operating pressures. The maximum design withstand pressure shall be indicated on the nameplate. 4.7.2 Tank design shall include sufficient expansion volume to allow operation under specified load conditions.
4.7.3 The main cover shall be bolted onto the tank. 4.7.4 One or more handholds shall be provided in the tank cover for access to bushing connections and current transformers, when required. The opening shall be of sufficient size to allow removal of any CT. 4.7.5 The transformer base shall be suitable for rolling or skidding in the direction of either tank base centerline. 4.7.6 The base shall be designed so the center of gravity of the transformer as assembled for transport does not fall outside the base for a tilt of fifteen degrees. 4.7.7 Lifting lugs shall be provided at each corner of the tank. The lifting lugs shall be designed to provide a minimum safety factor of 5. 4.7.8 Jacking area, pads or bosses shall be provided. When required. 4.7.9 Pulling provisions, for towing the transformer parallel to either centerline, shall be provided. 4.8 Gaskets 4.8.1 The gaskets shall be compatible for the insulating fluid in the transformer tank. 4.8.2 Gaskets in continuous contact with Silicone fluid shall be Viton material. 4.8.3 Metal surfaces to which gaskets are applied shall be smooth, and shall have sufficient rigidity to assure proper compression of the gaskets. 4.9 Cooling System 4.10 Grounding Provisions The transformer shall be self-cooled. 4.10.1 All non-energized metallic components of the transformer shall be grounded. 4.10.2 Tank grounding provisions shall consist of one ground pad, welded to the base or to the tank wall near the base. 4.11 Wiring 4.11.1 All devices mounted on the transformer shall be wired to the connection box. 4.11.2 Wiring shall be terminated with a ring-type insulated compression lug. 4.11.3 Each wire shall be identified with a wire marker. 4.11.4 All symbols and wiring identification systems shall be in accordance with the applicable IEC standard. 4.12 Nameplates 4.12.1 Transformer shall be furnished with a non-corrosive diagrammatic nameplate, permanently attached with non-corrosive hardware. The diagrammatic nameplate shall include the name of the manufacturer of the equipment as well as the location where the transformer was manufactured and tested. In
addition, the transformer manufacturer and location of manufacture is to be supplied at the time of quotation. 4.12.2 The nameplate shall contain all connection and rating information in accordance with IEC standard, plus the approximate weight of parts to be lifted for un-tanking, type and quantity of oil, and the date of manufacture. 4.13 Exterior Finish 4.13.1 The transformer painting system shall be the Seller s standard. The transformer shall be thoroughly sandblasted and phosphortized, then powder painting. 5.0 TEST 5.1 Testing 5.1.1 Each transformer shall receive all standard routine tests as required by IEC 5.1.2 Short Circuit withstand capability shall be verified by full short circuit tests on similar or larger units in accordance with the latest revision of IEC standard. Short Circuit withstand verification shall be submitted to the purchaser, upon request, prior to shipment of the t ransformers. 5.1.3 Optional tests, as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet, will also be required. 5.1.4 The test facility used to perform loss tests shall utilize test equipment with calibration done by authorized office. 5.1.5 A certified test report shall be submitted and shall contain the test data for each transformer serial number manufactured. The certified test report shall as a minimum contain the data as specified in IEC. 6.0 ACCESSORIES 6.1 The transformer shall be equipped with a complete set of standard accessories. 6.1.1 Magnetic oil level indicator 6.1.2 Thermometer pocket. 6.1.3 Pressure relief valve. 6.1.4 Oil filling pipe. 6.1.5 Drain valve. 6.2 Optional accessories as indicated on the Transformer Data Sheet. 6.2.1 Winding hot-spot temperature indicator with alarm contacts. 6.2.2 Pressure relief device {with alarm contacts}. 6.2.3 Thermometer with contacts 6.2.4 Customized. 7.0 DOCUMENTATION 7.1 Drawing Requirements
7.1.1 The required drawing format is specified on the Transformer Data Sheet. 7.1.2 The outline drawings shall be completely dimensioned and, as a minimum, show the following: a. High voltage and low voltage bushing details. b. Location of all handholds. c. Location and identification of all accessories. d. Size and location of all conduit entrances for Buyers connections. e. Ground pad locations. 7.1.3 Wiring diagrams 7.2 Nameplate drawing 7.1.3.1 Detailed connection (wiring) diagrams shall show the following: a. Interconnecting wiring of all components of the forced cooling equipment. b. Wiring of all devices with switches and relays, or electrical connections, including current transformers. c. Identification of all terminal blocks and all connections to be made by Buyer. 7.2.1 A nameplate drawing showing required IEC information shall be provided. 7.3 Installation, Operating, and Maintenance Instructions 7.3.1 The seller shall provide an instruction, operating and maintenance manual covering all equipment furnished. 8.0 PARTS 8.1 The Seller shall provide a renewal parts list to the Buyer.
1. Table of Contents: Instruction Bulletin 1. Table of Contents 2. General Safety Notes 3. Receiving of Inspections 4. Storage 5. Installation 6. Operation 7. Periodic Maintenance and inspection 8. Trouble shooting guide 2. General Safety Notes The transformer is equipped with three earthing terminals, one on the cover and two others on the bottom. The transformer main earth must be connected to one of these earthing terminals. Transformer without cable boxes are not personnel proof and must be placed in a locked place where only authorized personnel are admitted. 3. Receiving Instructions 3.1 Receipt of inspection Upon arrival of the transformer, the following items shall be acted: - Scope of delivery shall be checked with the packing list. - Careful examination transformer surface and oil leakage, oil level and accessories. - After careful examination and acceptance, the bill of delivery shall be signed by authorized person. - If any defects are found during examination, a written claim shall be submitted to the forwarder and ABB Transformers Ltd. Within 3 working days. 3.2 Handling A proper handling for the on loading and off loading transformers are essential in order to avoid any damage to the transformer. All the provided lifting eyss or hooks must be used during the lifting of the transformer. The use of jack is only permitted when jacking pads are available. Shifting, movement and vibration during transportation shall be avoided. Especial care shall be given to finwalls and to the bushings. 4. Storage It is recommend that the transformer shall be installed and energized after delivered to the site with a minimum delay. However if the transformer can not be installed immediately, a dry place and protected from any weather conditions, preferably indoor if available, shall be used. If more than one transformer shall be stored, a minimum distance between the transformers shall be acted, in order to avoid collusion and routine inspection if needed. Transformers with a storage longer than twelve months shall be checked before installation. Check the oil level. Turn all manual tap-changer into
position for about 5 times. Oil sample shall be taken and analyzed if the dielectric strength of oil is still not be lower than 30 kv/2.5 mm. 5. Installation Distribution transformers can be installed outdoor or indoor. 5.1 Indoor installation Transformer can be moved to the final installation position by using wheels, rollers, crowbar or pulley. The transformer is normally natural cooled by surrounding air, therefore a good ventilation shall be ensured. An exchange of air in the room shall be given, so that the heat produced by the transformer can dissipate easily. A good ventilation is ensured if the cool air can be located at the top of the transformer room. The intake and outlet opening should be located diagonally across the room. As a guide, loosed of 1 kw require a cool air intake of 3 m3/min at 20 C. For a difference of 3 m in level between air intake and outlet, the outlet opening must have a cross-sectional area of about 0.4 m2 for losses of 5 kw, or 0.2 m2 for 2.5 kw. Note that the area of the cooling air intake may be less than of the warm air outlet by about 10 %. Nevertheless, the openings are to be made as wide as possible. The transformer shall be positioned at least 50 cm from the next partition or wall, or even to the next transformer, if there is any. The transformer can be located that an easy access is ensured for any maintenance works. The filling and draining plugs as well the couplings shall be free to access at any time Gauges, bucholz relay and pressure controllers shall be visible. 5.2 Outdoor installation The transformers can be used for pole mounted or pads mounted stations. The mounting base shall strong enough to support the transformers. Especial care shall be done between the safety distances of the life parts, especially the arcing horn. 5.3 Installation of dehydrating breather The dehydrating breather4 is used in transformer with conservator. Installation of dehydrating breather shall be done after positioning of the transformer. - Loose nut, which is located under the conservator. - Remove the protector. - Attach the tube connection to the conservator. - Use bolts and nuts to fix the tube connection to the conservator, use gasket between the connection and conservator. - Loose and remove the bottom of dehydrating breather and fill transformer oil up to the level marked and tighten it again. - Tight the cover of the dehydrating breather at the conservator, use the flat gasket between them. 5.4 Inspection prior to energizing Before energizing, check the following items: 5.4.1 Check oil level by reading the oil level indicator, if the indicator is signaling white, then the transformer oil level is correct. If the indicator is signaling red, then contact with ABB Transformers Ltd. In case the
transformer with the conservator, Check oil level meter attached to the conservator with the corresponding ambient temperature. If the oil level is low, so the necessary amount of oil shall be filled. 5.4.2 Check insulation resistance of the winding by using a 1000 V megaohm meter. The value shall be at least: - 100 MΩ between low voltage winding and earth - 250 MΩ between high voltage winding and earth - 250 MΩ between high voltage winding and low voltage winding make sure that bushings are clean and dry before processing the measurements. If the reading are lower than the values above, then contact ABB transformers Ltd. 6. Operation The following checks shall be done according to a schedule control and maintenance plan during the operation of the transformer: - Oil level check - Tap changer - Pressure relief valve - Buchholz relay - Thermometer The transformer must operate according to loading guide of IEC standard. Accessories Standard Transformer type Sealed Open Standard Transformer type Sealed Open Bushings Thermometer with contacts Tap changer Thermometer w/o contact Thermometer pocket Oil level gouge with contacts Oil drain valve Pressure relief device Earthing terminal Oil level gouge w/o contacts Oil conservator Marshaling box Pressure relief valve Buchholz relay Dehydrating breather HV cable box Lifting lug on cover LV cable box Wheels Name plate Arcing horn on HV 7. Periodic Maintenance and inspection It is recommended to have an annual routine inspection and maintenance on transformer. Routine maintenance must be done by trained personnel and always in de-energized and insulated condition. The maintenance works shall include at least: - Clean of bushings and terminals - Checking of oil level, if the oil level is too low, than check also for possible leakage. - Testing the functionality of the protection devices - Checking the pain works and surfaces - It is not necessary to test oil under normal operation conditions.
8. Trouble shooting guide Symptom/ Problem Causes Overheating Continuous overload; Wrong external connections; Poor ventilation; High surrounding air temperature; Reduced or Zero Shorted turn; Loose primary tap connections. Voltage Excess Secondary High input voltage; Improper primary tap connections. voltage High conductor loss Overload; tap connections not on identical tap positions. Coil distortion Coil shorted circuit. Insulation failure Continuous overload; Short circuit in the windings; Lightening surge. Very high core temperature due to high input voltage or low frequency. Excessive cable heating Improper bolted connection. High voltage to ground Normally a static charge condition. Vibration and noise Low frequency; High input voltage; Core clamps loosened in shipment or handling. High exciting current Low frequency; High input voltage; Shorted turns. High core loss Low frequency; High input voltage. Low insulation Dirty on bushings; Quality of oil. resistance Burned insulation Lightning surge; Switching or line disturbance; Broken bushings; Taps or arrestors; Excess dirt or dust on coils. Breakers or fuse open Insulation failure; Short circuit; Overload.