Workshop Automated Sample Preparation and Introduction for the Analysis of Unknowns Ray Perkins Anatune Ltd
HP 5970 GC/MS (1984)
Agilent 7200 GCqTOF
MultiFlex GCqTOF
GC-QTOF
When analysing for unknowns, your sample preparation and introduction must be as non-selective as possible
Your sample preparation and introduction capabilities: Must be capable of dealing with any sample you are faced with.
Your sample preparation and introduction capabilities: Must be capable of dealing with any sample you are faced with. Must minimise the time you spend reconfiguring the system.
Your sample preparation and introduction capabilities: Must be capable of dealing with any sample you are faced with. Must minimise the time you spend reconfiguring the system. Must be suitable for the analysis of unknowns
GERSTEL MultiFlex Comprises CIS4 Cooled Injection System TDU Thermal (Twister) Desorption System Dual Head Multi-Purpose Sampler Maestro Software for control and system integration Important Option: DHS Dynamic Headspace System
What Does the MultiFlex Support? Volatile organics by gas phase extraction techniques Semi-volatile organics by liquid (or Solid Phase) extraction ***Semi-volatile organics by gas phase, thermal extraction (using ATEX)***
When analysing for unknowns, your sample preparation and introduction must be as non-selective as possible
When analysing for unknowns, your sample preparation and introduction must be as non-selective as possible But: You have to limit the amount of water entering the system You have to prevent involatile material from entering the system
Non-Selective Sample Introduction Thermal Extraction with selective exclusion for liquids and solids Multiple Dynamic Headspace Extraction
ATEX Thermal Extraction with Selective Exclusion
What problem is ATEX aimed at solving?
% of Peak Area wrt 500 C Temperature Profile 120.00 100.00 80.00 C10 C12 C14 60.00 C16 C18 40.00 C20 C22 C24 20.00 C32 C36 0.00 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 Injector Isothermal Temperature / C
Automated Tube Exchange ATEX
What problem is DHS Multi Desorption Aimed at solving?
Dynamic Headspace Sampling DHS Multi Sampling
Static Headspace Heated Syringe Heated Vial 60 C
60 C Dynamic Headspace TDU Adsorbent Tube Double Needle Heated Vial
60 C Dynamic Headspace TDU Adsorbent Tube Double Needle Heated Vial
Dynamic Headspace Gas Flow Out Gas Flow In
Dynamic Headspace
6e+07 5e+07 Compared Dynamic / Static Gin, split 1:10 10 ml 4e+07 3e+07 2e+07 1e+07 0 60 C 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 6e+07 5e+07 1 ml 4e+07 3e+07 2e+07 1e+07 0 60 C 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00 28.00
15.58 µl 15.58 µl
MPS DHS TDU CIS
Abundance 1.1e+07 1e+07 Static Headspace Whiskey Ethylacetat 3-Me-1-Butanol 2-Me-1-Butanol 1 ml 9000000 8000000 Isobutanol Isobutyraldehyd diethylacetal 7000000 6000000 Isoamylacetat 60 C 5000000 4000000 3000000 2000000 1000000 1-Propanol Time--> 0 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00
1 ml 60 C 1 propanol 2 ethyl acetate 3 isobutanol 4 3-me butanal 5 2-me butanal 6 1-butanol 7 1,1 diethoxy methane 8 propionic acid ethyl ester 9 n-propyl acetate 10 3-me-1-butanol 11 2-me-1-butanol 12 isobutyric acid ethyl ester 13 isobutyl acetate 14 butyric acid ethyl ester 15 butyric acid 2&3 methyl-ethyl ester 16 isobutyraldehyde diethyl acetal 17 isoamyl acetate 18 2-me-1-butyl acetate 19 butyraldehyde diethyl acetal 20 acetaldehyde ethyl amyl acetal 21 hexanoic acid ethyl ester 22 hexyl acetate 23 heptanoic acid ethyl ester 24 nonanal 25 β phenyl ethyl alcohol 26 octanoic acid 27 octanoic acid ethyl ester 28 decanal 29 β phenyl ethyl acetate 30 nonanoic acid ethyl ester 31 decanoic acid 32 ethyl trans-4 decenoate 33 decanoic acid ethyl ester 34 octanoic acid 3-me- butyl ester 35 1,ethyl propyl octanoate 36 capric acid isobutyl ester 37 dodecanoic acid 38 decanoic acid ethyl ester 39 pentadecanoic acid 3-me-butyl ester 40 pentadecanoic acid 2-me-butyl ester 41 tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester 42 ethyl-9-hexadecenoate 43 hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester
Abundance 1.1e+07 Dynamic Headspace Whiskey Isoamylacetat 1e+07 9000000 8000000 100 ml Isobutyraldehyd diethylacetal 7000000 6000000 5000000 4000000 3000000 60 C Decansäure Dodecansäure 2000000 3-Me-1-Butanol 2-Me-1-Butanol Octansäure 1000000 Time--> 0 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00
1 ml 60 C 1 propanol 2 ethyl acetate 3 isobutanol 4 3-me butanal 5 2-me butanal 6 1-butanol 7 1,1 diethoxy methane 8 propionic acid ethyl ester 9 n-propyl acetate 10 3-me-1-butanol 11 2-me-1-butanol 12 isobutyric acid ethyl ester 13 isobutyl acetate 14 butyric acid ethyl ester 15 butyric acid 2&3 methyl-ethyl ester 16 isobutyraldehyde diethyl acetal 17 isoamyl acetate 18 2-me-1-butyl acetate 19 butyraldehyde diethyl acetal 20 acetaldehyde ethyl amyl acetal 21 hexanoic acid ethyl ester 22 hexyl acetate 23 heptanoic acid ethyl ester 24 nonanal 25 β phenyl ethyl alcohol 26 octanoic acid 27 octanoic acid ethyl ester 28 decanal 29 β phenyl ethyl acetate 30 nonanoic acid ethyl ester 31 decanoic acid 32 ethyl trans-4 decenoate 33 decanoic acid ethyl ester 34 octanoic acid 3-me- butyl ester 35 1,ethyl propyl octanoate 36 capric acid isobutyl ester 37 dodecanoic acid 38 decanoic acid ethyl ester 39 pentadecanoic acid 3-me-butyl ester 40 pentadecanoic acid 2-me-butyl ester 41 tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester 42 ethyl-9-hexadecenoate 43 hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester 100 ml 60 C 1 propanol 2 ethyl acetate 3 isobutanol 4 3-me butanal 5 2-me butanal 6 1-butanol 7 1,1 diethoxy methane 8 propionic acid ethyl ester 9 n-propyl acetate 10 3-me-1-butanol 11 2-me-1-butanol 12 isobutyric acid ethyl ester 13 isobutyl acetate 14 butyric acid ethyl ester 15 butyric acid 2&3 methyl-ethyl ester 16 isobutyraldehyde diethyl acetal 17 isoamyl acetate 18 2-me-1-butyl acetate 19 butyraldehyde diethyl acetal 20 acetaldehyde ethyl amyl acetal 21 hexanoic acid ethyl ester 22 hexyl acetate 23 heptanoic acid ethyl ester 24 nonanal 25 β phenyl ethyl alcohol 26 octanoic acid 27 octanoic acid ethyl ester 28 decanal 29 β phenyl ethyl acetate 30 nonanoic acid ethyl ester 31 decanoic acid 32 ethyl trans-4 decenoate 33 decanoic acid ethyl ester 34 octanoic acid 3-me- butyl ester 35 1,ethyl propyl octanoate 36 capric acid isobutyl ester 37 dodecanoic acid 38 decanoic acid ethyl ester 39 pentadecanoic acid 3-me-butyl ester 40 pentadecanoic acid 2-me-butyl ester 41 tetradecanoic acid ethyl ester 42 ethyl-9-hexadecenoate 43 hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester
Matrix independent headspace gas chromatographic analysis. The full evaporation technique M. Markelov, J. P. Guzowski, Analytica Chimica Acta, 276 (1993) 235.
Vanillin logk ow : 1.05 iso-valeric acid Hexanoic acid Octanoic acid Decanoic acid Dodecanoic acid iso-valeric acid Guaiacol Methyl guaiacol o-cresol Phenol p-cresol m-cresol Vanillin logk ow : 1.05 Hexanoic acid 4-Ethyl phenol Decanoic acid Dodecanoic acid Octanoic acid Whiskey L 10 years 100 μl LVFET Whiskey Y 12 years 100 μl LVFET
Dynamic Headspace Method 1: Very Volatile Analytes 30 C 50 ml 25 C
Dynamic Headspace Method 2: Volatile or Semi Volatile Analytes 30 C 40 C 750 ml 600 ml 25 C
Dynamic Headspace Method 3: Volatile, non volatile and hydrophillic analytes 40 C 3000 ml 80 C
Analysing for: Volatiles by Gas Phase Extraction) Semi-Volatiles by Liquid or Solid Phase Extraction Semi-Volatiles by Gas Phase Extraction Known Analytes Unknown Analytes Static Headspace Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Thermal Desorption Hot Injection & Trapping Solid Phase Micro Extraction* Dynamic Headspace* Fully Evaporative Dynamic Headspace* Liquid Injection Large volume liquid injection Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Solid Phase Extraction* Disposable Pipette Extraction* Liquid-Liquid Extraction* Solid Phase Micro Extraction Thermal Extraction* Liquids Solids
Analysing for: Volatiles by Gas Phase Extraction) Semi-Volatiles by Liquid or Solid Phase Extraction Semi-Volatiles by Gas Phase Extraction Known Analytes Unknown Analytes Static Headspace Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Thermal Desorption Hot Injection & Trapping Solid Phase Micro Extraction* Dynamic Headspace* Fully Evaporative Dynamic Headspace* Liquid Injection Large volume liquid injection Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction Solid Phase Extraction* Disposable Pipette Extraction* Liquid-Liquid Extraction* Solid Phase Micro Extraction Thermal Extraction Liquids Solids
Summary It is important to match a powerful GC-MS with an equally powerful sample preparation and introduction system. The MultiFlex GC/qTOF is an example of such a combination. The MultiFlex offers some unique capabilities for working with non-targeted analysis