March 26-28, 2014 Steven A. Kunsman i-pcgrid Workshop 2014 Evolution of the Digital Substation ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 1
What is evolution ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 2
Substation Automation Core Technology ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 3 First protection and control system based on network data communications 1978-86 EPRI WESPAC project First installation at PG&E using Westinghouse and GE relays
Advanced protection, control and automation The fundamentals behind the change ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 4 Demand for real time process data has grown exponentially in the past decade Reliability, grid resiliency, event analysis, contingency planning, proactive power system control Development of open standards encouraged by proven interoperable solutions paving the way Technology innovations with high performance microprocessors allow more capability in a single device Pressure on reducing total cost of ownership and improving system performance and maintainability While managing challenges of aging infrastructure and workforce reduction While managing challenges of regulatory compliance (NERC/CIP & PRC) Need to address grid resiliency & system hardening
The Digital Substation Secondary system Reduce amount of cables by using fiber instead of copper Optimize drive and interface boxes with direct process bus connection Lower requirements on CTs/VTs by reducing burden from cabling and minimizing No of circuits Simplify P&C panels and increase safety by full isolation from process Include NCITs in P&C system and by that further increase safety & availability Reduce maintenance through increased supervised area ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 5
The Digital Substation Solutions for utilities critical needs Benefits of transformative digital solutions over traditional solutions Enhanced safety... Reduce risk of fire and safety hazards for your personnel Functional consolidation... New generation multi-function capabilities significantly reduces footprint Improved reliability and efficiency through simplicity... Reduced complexity improves reliability and efficiency Lower total cost of ownership ABB Group Slide 6
Enhanced safety Utilization of Sensor Technology Non-conventional Instrument Transformers (NCIT) Reduce risk of injury from conventional Instrument Transformer failure or hazardous open CT circuit Elimination of CT circuit into the control house as control house Redundant rogowski coil & capacitive voltage divider Fiber optic current sensor Process Bus ABB Group Slide 7
Analogy of functional consolidation The evolution of technology Technology drives consolidation of functions in all industries Reduces amount of inventory Improves the work process ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 8 Requires new skill sets investment
Functional consolidation Reduced footprint, hardware and infrastructure Conventional Digital Reduced footprint/real estate Reduced inventory Reduced wiring/connections Reduced supporting infrastructure (cable trays, racks, etc.) Control Control Control Protection - subsystems 79-2 50 50 87L 87L 67N P&C 1 P&C 2 Control 21 21 67N 79-2 50 BBP & BF 87B, 50BF 14 protection & control devices (Electro-Mechanical system could add 3 devices per function) ABB Group Slide 9 2 protection & control devices including busbar protection/backup Advanced protection solution consolidate 3 panels to 1 panel
Simplicity improves reliability Reduces complexity and number of points of failure Copper Wires Digital Communications (wires + fiber) ABB Group Slide 10 Conventional cabling No of cables: 768 Conductors: 4500 Terminations: 9000 Test/Debug Labor intensive Maintenance Drawings up to date? Reliability Many connections Digital Communications No. cables: 256 No. conductors: 1500 No. terminations: 3000 Test/Debug Easier to test/debug using digital tools Maintenance Digital record of connections and much simpler wiring improves maintenance Reliability Less connections and devices improves reliability (receive digital notification of issues)
Simplicity improves reliability Reduces complexity and number of points of failure Copper Wires Full Digital Communications ABB Inc. Conventional cabling No of cables: 768 Conductors: 4500 Terminations: 9000 Test/Debug Labor intensive Maintenance Drawings up to date? Reliability Many connections March 29, 2014 Slide 11 Full Communications No. of Fibre optic cables: 4 Continuous self supervision Test/Debug Easier to test/debug using digital tools Maintenance Digital record of connections and network tools improves maintenance Reliability No conventional cables, self supervision of communications
Conventional vs. digital substation Qualitative cost assessment Conventional Project Management Base/Concept Design Digital substation Station level Station Bus SA Engineering Panel and cable eng. Station Bus Protection, control IEDs Bay level Merging units Panel mfg + testing Process Bus Kiosk mfg + testing 100m+ Fiber mat., laying, connecting Process level MK MK Copper mat., laying, connecting Signal test Merging Unit Merging Unit 5-30m+ Commissioning Primary Retrofit outage time Maintenance Overall costs MK = Marshalling Kiosk ABB Group Same Less More
Cyber Security as an Enabler Replace Fear with Knowledge Defense in depth Automation Systems Manager Legend: Disabled ports / services Removable media access Individual User Accounts Malware protection Firewall Router Encryptet communication Industrial Defender Agent ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 13
Circa 2002 ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 14
Asset Health Systems Online Sensors Kelman Minitrans Hydran M2 Gas Sensor H 2 O Sensor Bushing LTC PD FRA/Transients Kelman Transfix Trxf. fingerprint Events, alarms Equations Trxf. 1 SCADA Load Top Oil Temp Temp amb Expertise Computation Enterprise Performance Models Trxf. 2 Trxf. 3 Tap position Statistics Trxf. n Report Recommend Actions Static data or information Dynamic data/information On going development Off line DGA Off line SOT, Furans Routine tests FRA, DFR, Z, etc Offline Databases Maintenance actions MTMP Risk of Failure Update Risk of Failure
ABB Inc. March 29, 2014 Slide 16
ABB Oy March 29, 2014 Slide 17