Session-III: Mobile Applications (Automotive / Material Handling) 2017/12 Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Automobile Division Batteries and Next-Generation Technologies Office
Why Hydrogen? Potential to be ultimate energy for Japan satisfying both environmental and energy security requirements Origin of the start of developing hydrogen & fuel cells technologies in Japan: Oil Crisis of the 1970 s (= Energy Security) Recent expectation for hydrogen: Paris Agreement (= Environment) Environment Efficient energy usage Decarbonization H2 Energy Security Diversification of supply chain Competitiveness Technological edge Intellectual property
Strategic Roadmap to realize a Hydrogen Society" Phase:1 A dramatic increase of Fuel Cells Installation Phase:2 H2 Power Generation/ Mass Supply Chain Phase:3 CO2-free Hydrogen 2009: Residential FC 2014: FCV - Accelerate RD&D 2020 Tokyo Olympic /Paralympics 2014:HRS 2030 2040 Introduction support and R&D 2 nd half of 2020 s: -Enhance Supply Chain in Japan Around 2030: -Hydrogen Power Plant Around 2040: -Full Scale CO2-free Hydrogen FCV : Fuel Cell Vehicle HRS : Hydrogen Refueling Station
Toyota Fuel Cell System (TFCS) Fuel cell stack - Compact size with higher performance Elimination of humidifier - Internal circulation system adopted High-pressure hydrogen tank - Higher hydrogen storage density - Number of tanks reduced from 4 to2 Fuel cell boost converter - Newly developed in order to reduce the number of cells, for enabling the use of existing hybrid units. The size and cost of the systems have been reduced, while the characteristic benefits of FCVs has been increased.
Honda FCV Development 2002.12 FCX World First limited Sales In US and Japan 2004.11 FCX 2008.6 FCX Clarity 2016.3 CLARITY FUEL CELL First Japanese FCV Type certification Door 2 4 Passenger 4 5 Cold Temp. Performance Under floor -20-30 FC L/O 0 Center tunnel Under hood Separator Carbon Stamped Metal Body EV-Plus New body Body Type Small 2 Box Sedan Range 360km 470km 620km 750km Driving in JC08 mode, figure measured by Honda Honda introduced FCV in 2002, and installed the first Honda-built fuel cell stack in 2004. Following that, lease marketing of the sedan-type FCX CLARITY began in 2008, and of the CLARITY FUEL CELL in March 2016.
Honda CLARITY FUEL CELL Specification Specification Fuel Cell Power 103kW Driving range 750km 1 Number of passengers Hydrogen tank filling pressure 70MPa Hydrogen filling time Around 3min 2 5 1 Driving in JC08 mode, figure measured by Honda 2 Difference in filling pressure and external air temperature may result in difference in filling time. Positioning the fuel cell powertrain under the front hood realize 5-passenger sedan. 70 MPa hydrogen tank achieves around 750 km. It can be filled in approx. 3 minutes.
Fuel Cell Power Train System configuration Newly-developed FC boost converter (FCVCU) Steps up the voltage of the stack. Drives the motor with high voltage. Small but high output because of a SiC power module. Hydrogen supply system Fuel cell stack Air supply system 33% more compact Drive unit Drive motor, gear box, power control unit-integrated system Electric turbocharger-type air compressor Air supply pressure: 1.7 times compared to previous model Fuel cell powertrain is integrated compact fuel cell stack, low height boost converter and traction motor. Hydrogen and air supply units are located beside the fuel cell stack.
Weight-power density (kw/kg) New Honda FC Stack 35%UP 2.0 CLARITY FUEL CELL 3.1kW/L FCX Clarity 2.0kW/L 60%UP 1.0 2003 2001 1999 0 1.0 2.0 Volume-power density (kw/l) 3.0 The new fuel cell stack achieves the top-level volume power density. This value is achieved by increasing the current density and reducing the cell thickness.
Fuel Cell electric Vehicle: Issues Lying Ahead Performance Size/weight reduction Environment Adaptability Sub-zero startup Heat dissipation at high temperatures Driving Range Hydrogen storage Hydrogen infrastructure Fuel cost (H2 Price) Durability Reliability Thousands of hours Quality control Cell uniformity Cost Reduce platinum use Mass production technology Related regulations still in preparation Need for common international standard Range, Environment adaptability and Performance are received vision from past developments. Durability, Reliability, Quality control and Cost reduction have a characteristics affected one other.
Draft Budget for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells in FY 2018 Phase 1 Phase 2 Installation Fuel Cell Focus on implementation from the present Disseminate stationary FCs Disseminate FCVs Subsidies for HRSs [5.7 billion yen] Subsidies for Stationary FCs [8.9 billion yen] Support HRS installations and promote creating new FCV demand. Promote the accelerated introduction and cost reduction of Ene-farm. From FY 2017, support for stationary FC for business and industrial use is added. Support for FCVs [Included in 15 billion yen] R&D of FC, etc. R&D of FCs [2.9 billion yen] Conduct R&D for better performance and lower costs of FCs, and demonstrate Stationary FC stationary FCs for for business use business use R&D of HRSs [2.4 billion yen] Develop technologies for lower costs and safety of HRSs, and collect data for reviewing regulations. Phase 3 H2 Power Plant/ Mass Supply Chain Realized in the late 2020s CO2-free Hydrogen Realized in around 2040 Build a H2 supply chain Demonstrations for global H2 supply chain 9.4 billion yen] Demonstrate how hydrogen can be produced from untapped overseas energy resources, transported in the form of liquefied hydrogen or organic hydride, and used to generate power. Implement P2G field tests, etc. R&D of H2 production, transport and storage R&D for producing, transporting and storing H2 derived from renewable energy [0.9 billion yen] Develop technologies of high efficiency water electrolysis units, tanks for storing liquefied hydrogen, etc. with the use of renewable energy sources. 10