The Energy Market 24
Electrical energy generated by Swedish nuclear power per inhabitant in 21 compared to other countries kwh/inhabitant 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Sweden Belgium Finland France Slovakia Spain Great Britain Germany USA Japan Canada Switzerland Source: Electricity Information 23, IEA. The Energy Market 24/OH 1
Electrical energy generated in the Nordic countries, TWh, and per capita electricity consumption in 23, kwh per inhabitant NORWAY 17.2 TWH Net imports 7.9 TWh Per capita electricity consumption 25 193 kwh SWEDEN 132.3 TWH Net imports 12.9 TWh Per capita electricity consumption 16 27 kwh DENMARK 43.6 TWH Net imports 8.5 TWh Per capita electricity consumption 6 536 kwh FINLAND 79.9 TWH Net imports 4.8 TWh Per capita electricity consumption 16 226 kwh 1% 99% 1% 5% 4% 12% 61% 27% 13% 87% Wind power Thermal power Nuclear power Hydro power Source: Nord Pool The Energy Market 24/OH 2
Link between the Nord Pool system price and the water reservoir contents GWh öre/kwh 1 8 6 4 2-2 -4-6 -8-1 week 1 2 week 1 21 week 1 22 week 1 23 week 1 24 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 reservoir contents in relation to the average, GWh system price, öre/kwh Source: Nord Pool The Energy Market 24/OH 3
Variable cost of power generation in the Nordic countries in 23, öre per KWh öre/kwh 1 8 high low 6 4 2 Gas turbines Oil-fired condensing Coal-fired condensing CHP Nuclear power Wind power Hydro power Sources: Swedish Energy Agency s processing of information from Elforsk report 3:14, Electricity from new areas in 23 and fuel prices from ICR Coal statistics Monthly, April 24, and the Swedish Energy Agency price sheet for biofuels, peat, etc., No. 1/24. The Energy Market 24/OH 4
System prices at Nord Pool between January 22 and April 24, öre per kwh öre/kwh 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 22 v1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 23 v1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 24 v1 5 9 13 17 Source: Nord Pool The Energy Market 24/OH 5
Sweden s trade in electricity with foreign countries between January 22 and April 24, GWh per week 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 GWh 22 v1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 23 v1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 24 v1 5 9 13 17 Export Import Source: Swedenergy The Energy Market 24/OH 6
Sweden s electricity imports and exports, GWh GWh 25 2 15 Poland Germany 1 5-5 Norway Finland Denmark -1-15 -2 1996 2 21 22 23 Source: Swedenergy The Energy Market 24/OH 7
Electricity price to a typical domestic customer 1 in relation to tax, VAT, network charge and electricity certificate price, öre per kwh öre per kwh 14 12 VAT 1 Tax 8 6 Electricity certificate price 4 2 1999 2 21 22 23 24 Network charge Price of electrical energy 1 Single-family house with electric heating in southern Sweden Source: Statistics Sweden The Energy Market 24/OH 8
Network charges in the Nordic countries 1 payable by a typical domestic customer 2, öre per kwh öre/kwh 4 35 3 25 Sweden Norway Finland Denmark 2 15 2 21 22 23 24 1 Excluding Iceland 2 Single-family house with electric heating, 2 kwh, median Source: The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE), www.nve.no; Finnish Electrical Energy Association Adato Energia Oy, www.energia.fi; Association of Danish Energy Companies, www.danskenergi.dk The Energy Market 24/OH 9
Electricity generation per capita, with relative distribution by different power sources in 21, kwh kwh/inhabitant 3 25 2 15 1 5 The Energy Market 24/OH 1 Biomass and waste Fossilfired power Nuclear power Hydro power etc. Iceland Norway Canada Sweden Finland USA Switzerland France Japan Austria Belgium Germany Denmark Great Britain Ireland Spain Netherlands Greece Italy Portugal Luxembourg Source: Electricity Information 23, IEA
Consumption of natural gas in Sweden distributed by user sectors, TWh TWh 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1985 199 1993 1997 22 Others Electric power and heat generation Industry Source: Information received from Energy in Sweden, Statistics Sweden (22), and Nova Naturgas AB (1985 1997) processed by the ÅF Group. The Energy Market 24/OH 11
Production and consumption per region in billion cubic metres billion m 3 1 2 1 1 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Europe and Eurasia Middle East North America Latin America Africa Asia and Oceania Consumption Production Note: Eurasia denotes countries formerly in the USSR. Source: BP Statistical Review 23 The Energy Market 24/OH 12
District heating deliveries to various user categories, 22 25% 44% Other District heating 93% 75% 56% 7% Single-family houses Multi-family houses Commercial premises Source: Statistics Sweden. District Heating Association 22 The Energy Market 24/OH 13
Annual running costs of heating and annual capital cost at 1 MWh per year in 23 SEK 1 2 1 8 Capital costs Running costs 6 4 2 Electric heating Heat pump District heating Natural gas Oil Biofuels/pellets Source: Swedish Energy Agency The Energy Market 24/OH 14
Cost difference of changing over from district heating to biofuel pellets in 23 Cost difference, SEK 25 2 15 1 5-5 -1-15 -2 1 8 15 22 29 36 43 5 64 71 85 92 99 16 113 12 134 148 155 169 176 183 19 Place Source: Calculations by the Swedish Energy Agency The Energy Market 24/OH 15
Price development for an annual energy delivery of 193 MWh compared to the consumer price index 12 115 11 15 Price of district heating Consumer price index 1 95 9 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 Source: Swedish District Heating Association and Statistics Sweden The Energy Market 24/OH 16
Price development between 1996 and 24 for an annual energy delivery of 193 MWh, öre per kwh öre per kwh 62 6 58 56 54 52 5 48 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 Source: Swedish Energy Agency The Energy Market 24/OH 17