Appendix Conversion Factors * LENGTH Inches feet 0.083333 angstrom units 2.54 x 10 8 micros 25400 millis 25.4 centis 2.54 s 0.0254 Feet inches 12.0 angstrom units 3.048 x 10 9 micros 304800 millis 304.80 centis 30.48 s 0.3048 Millis inches 3.9370079 x 10-2 feet 3.2808399 x 10-3 angstrom units 1 x 10 7 micros 1 x 10 3 centis 1 x 10-1 s 1 x 10-3 Centis inches 0.39370079 feet 0.032808399 angstrom units 1 x 10 8 micros 1 x 10 4 millis 10 s 1 x 10-2 Meters inches 39.370079 feet 3.2808399 angstrom units 1 x 10 10 micros 1 x 10 6 millis 1 x 10 3 centis 1 x 10 2 Yard feet 3 centi 91.44 0.9144 Angstrom units inches 3.9370079 x 10-9 feet 3.28084 x 10-10 micros 0.0001 millis 1 x 10-7 centis 1 x 10-8 s 1 x 10-10 Micros inches 3.9370079 x 10-5 feet 3.2808399 x 10-6 angstrom units 1 x 10 4 millis 1 x 10-3 centis 1 x 10-4 s 1 x 10-6 * For additional information, see American Society for Testing and Materials, Metric Practice Guide, ASTM E 380-72, 34 pp., 1973; International Organization of Standardization International Stardt, SI Units, and Recommendations for the Use of their Multiples and Certain Other Units, Ref. No. ISO 1000-1973(E), 21 pp., 1973; National Bureau of Standards, Engineering Standards, U.S. Metric Study, NBS SP 345-11, 250 pp., 1971. 815
816 Appendix AREA FORCE Square s square feet 10.76387 square centis 1 x 10 4 square inches 1550.0031 Square feet square s 9.290304 x 10-2 square centis 929.0304 square inches 144 Square centis square s 1 x 10-4 square feet 1.076387 x 10-3 square inches 0.155 Square inches square s 6.4516 x 10-4 square feet 6.9444 x 10-3 square centis 6.4516 Square yard acres 2.066 x 10-4 square feet 0 square centis 8361.273 square miles 3.228 x 10-7 Acres square s 4046.849 square feet 43560 yards 4840 VOLUME Cubic centis cubic s 1 x 10-6 cubic feet 3.5314667 x 10-5 cubic inches 0.061023744 Cubic s cubic feet 35.314667 cubic centis 1x 10 6 cubic inches 61023.74 Cubic inches cubic s 1.6387064 x 10-5 cubic feet 5.7870370 x 10-4 cubic centis 16.387064 Cubic feet cubic s 0.028316847 cubic centis 28316.847 cubic inches 1728 U.S. gallons (gal) cubic centis 3785 cubic s 3.785 x 10-3 cubic feet 0.133680 cubic inches 231 cubic yards 4951 x 10-3 British Imperial 0.833 gallons liters 3.785 Pounds dynes 4.44822 x 10 5 grams 453.59243 kilograms 0.45359243 tons (long) 4.464286 x 10-4 tons (short) 5 x 10-4 kips 1 x 10-3 tons (metric) 4.5359243 x 10-4 Kips pounds 1000 tons (short) 0.500 kilograms 453.59243 tons (metric) 0.45359243 Kilograms dynes 980665 grams 1000 pounds 2.2046223 tons (long) 9.8420653 x 10-4 tons (short) 11.023113 x 10-4 kips 2.2046223 x 10-3 tons (metric) 0.001 Tons (short) kilograms 907.18474 pounds 2000 kips 2 tons (metric) 0.907185 Tons (metric) grams 1 x 10 6 kilograms 1000 pounds 2204.6223 kips 2.2046223 tons (short) 1.1023112 Pound force (lbf) newtons 4.45 Kilogram force (kgf) newtons 9.81 VELOCITY Centis/sec microns/ 10,000 s/minute 0.600 feet/minute 1.9685 miles/hour 0.022369 feet/year 1034643.6 Microns/ centis/ 0.0001 s/minute 0.000060 feet/minute 0.00019685 miles/hour 0.0000022369 feet/year 103.46436
. Conversion Factors 817 Feet/minute centis/ 0.508001 microns/ 5080.01 s/minute 0.3048 miles/hour 9,91136363 feet/year 5256000 Feet/year microns/ 0.009665164 centis/ 0.0000009665164 s/minute 5.79882 x 10-7 feet/minute 1.9025 x 10-6 miles/hour 2.16203 x 10-8 Miles/hour centis/ 44.7041 s/minute 26.82 feet/hour 52.80 feet/minute 88 feet/ 1.467 miles/ 2.778 x 10-4 minutes 1440 hours 24 months 3.28767 x 10-2 years 0.0027397260 Months millis 2.6283 x 10 9 s 2.6283 x 10 6 minutes 43800 hours 730 days 30.416666 years 0.08333333 Years millis 3.1536 x 10 10 s 3.1536 x 10 7 minutes 525600 hours (mean solar) 8760 days (mean solar) 365 months 12 TIME STRESS Millis s 10-3 minutes 1.66666 x 10-5 hours 2.777777 x 10-7 days 1.1574074 x 10-8 months 3.8057 x 10-10 years 3.171416 x 10-11 Seconds millis 1000 minutes 1.66666 x 10-2 hours 2.777777 x 10-4 days 1.1574074 x 10-5 months 3.8057 x 10-7 years 3.171416 x 10-8 Minutes millis 60000 s 60 hours 0.0166666 days 6.944444 x 10-4 months 2.283104 x 10-5 years 1/902586 x 10-6 Hours millis 3600000 s 3600 minutes 60 days 0.0416666 months 1.369860 x 10-3 years 1.14155 x 10-4 Days millis 86400000 s 86400 Pounds/square pound/square 144 inch feet of water 2.3066 kips/square 0.144 kilograms/square 0.070307 centi tons/square 0.70307 atmospheres 0.068046 kilopascals 6.9 Pounds/square pounds/square inch 0.0069445 feet of water 0.016018 kips/square 1 x 10-3 kilograms/square 0.000488243 centi tons/square 0.004882 atmospheres 4.72541 x 10-4 pascals 47.9 Feet of water (at pounds/square inch 0.43352 39.2 F) pounds/square 62.427 kilograms/square 0.0304791 centi tons/square 0.304791 atmospheres 0.029499 inches of Hg 0.88265
818 Appendix pounds/square inch 6.94445 pounds/square 1000 Kips/square tons(short)/square 0.5000 kilograms/square 0.488244 centi tons(metric)/square 4.88244 Kilograms/square pounds/square inch 14.223 centi pounds/square 2048.1614 feet of water 32.8093 (39.2 F) kips/square 2.0481614 tons/square 10 atmospheres 0.96784 Tons (short)/ atmospheres 0.945082 square kilograms/square 9764.86 centi tons(metric)/square 9.76487 pounds/square inch 13.8888 pounds/square 2000 kips/square 2.0 Tons (metric)/ kilograms/square 0.10 square centi pounds/square 204.81614 kips/square 0.20481614 tons (short)/square 0.102408 Atmospheres bars 1.0133 centis of 76 mercury at 0 C millis of 760 mercury at 0 C feet of water at 33.899 39.2 F kilograms/square 1.03323 centi grams/square 1033.23 centi kilograms/square 10332.3 tons (metric) /square 10.3323 pounds/square 2116.22 pounds/square inch 14.696 tons(short)/square 1.0581 Newtons/square pascals 1.00 UNIT WEIGHT Grams/cubic centi kilograms/cubic Pounds/cubic inch Pounds/cubic Tons(metric)/ cubic tons(metric)/cubic 1.00 kilograms/cubic 1000.00 pounds/cubic inch 0.036127292 pounds/cubic 62.427961 grams/cubic 0.001 centi tons(metric)/cubic 0.001 pounds/cubic inch 3.6127292 x 10-5 pounds/cubic 0.062427961 grams/cubic 27.679905 centi tons (metric)/cubic 27.679905 kilograms /cubic 27679.905 pounds/cubic 1728 grams/cubic 0.016018463 centi tons(metric)/cubic 0.016018463 kilograms/cubic 16.018463 pounds/cubic inch 5.78703704 x 10-4 grams/cubic 1.00 centi kilograms/cubic 1000.00 pounds/cubic inch 0.03612772 pounds/cubic 62.427961
. Conversion Factors 819 COEFFICIENT OF CONSOLIDATION, C V Square square centis/ 3.1536 x 10 7 centis/ year square s/year 3.1536 x 10 3 square inches/ 0.155 square inches/year 4.8881 x 10 6 square feet/ year 3.39447 x 10 4 Square inches/ square inches/year 3.15368 x 10 7 square feet/year 2.1900 x 10 5 square centis/ 6.4516 square centis/ 2.0346 x 10 8 year square s/year 2.0346 x 10 4 COEFFICIENT OF THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY, k Btu/hr-ft 2 -( F/ft) cal/sec-cm 2 -( C/cm) 4.134 x 10-3 W/cm 2 -( C/cm) Btu/hr-ft 2 -( F/ft) 57.780 W/cm 2 -( C/cm) cal/sec-cm 2 -( C/cm) 0.239 TEMPERATURE 5 T 9 9 T ( F ) = T ( C) + 32 5 T K = T C + 273. 18 ( C) = [ T( F ) 32 ] ( ) ( )
820 Appendix