Central Wheeled Hoverboard Abilu Paul 1, Rixon John 2, Sonal Wilson 3, Vishnu K J 4, Vishnu Prathap K P 5, Nithin Rajan 6 1-5-(B-Tech students, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nirmala College of Engineering, Thrissur, Kerala, India) (Calicut University) 6 (Assistant Professor,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Nirmala College of Engineering, Thrissur, Kerala,India) Abstract: The Central Wheeled Hoverboard is a personal electric vehicle running on a central wheels. This is constructed to provide a natural ride and good operability without adversely influencing a motor controller and batteries. The vehicle is powered by a battery source. The motor (DC 24V, 150W, High Torque) is in skew with the shaft of the wheel with the help of a chain drive, whose speed will be controlled by a custom designed Speed control circuit. When you have a long distance to travel on a traditional skateboard, it s hard to go far without wearing out. Even the most experienced skater doesn t want to push their board for hours to get across town. When you ve got somewhere to be, having a electric skateboard makes it easy and convenient to get from one place to another. Key words: PMDC (Permanent Magnet Direct Current), R F (Radio Frequency) Module 1. INTRODUCTION An electric skateboard is a personal transporter based on a skateboard. The speed is controlled by a hand-held throttle or weight-sensor controls and the direction of travel is adjusted by tilting the board to one side or the other. The MotoBoard, which was gasolinepowered was released in the summer of 1975, but were banned in California due to their noise and pollution in 1997. Louie Finkle of Seal Beach, California is often cited as an originator of the modern electric skateboard, offering his first wireless electric skateboard in 1997 and a patent filed in April 1999, however it wasn't until the 2004-6 that electric motors and batteries were available with sufficient torque and efficiency to power boards effectively. In 2012 ZBoard raised nearly 30 times their target for a balance controlled electric skateboard on kick starter, which was well received at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2013. Their 2015 campaign on Indiegogo was 86 time over-subscribed, raising $1m The design of a modern electric skateboard has improved significantly since the technology first hit the market. Batteries, however, seem to still be a limiting factor to a majority of modern electric skateboard designs. Since range and speed are determined by the size, power, and number of battery cells, many electric skateboard manufacturers use longboard decks so that they can fit more batteries into their electric skateboards. Originally, electric skateboards were made larger to be able to fit the batteries and hardware inside. Today many electric skateboards are being made with sizes similar to Penny skateboards, although this does limit the number of battery cells that can be used. The first electric skateboards were originally designed to ride on the same surfaces as bikes and cars. While many people used them for transportation primarily, others used them for cruising and sporting. Newer models and designs have been made to cater towards the "adrenaline junkie" with off-road style models. The off-road style boards have larger tires in comparison to smaller skateboard wheels, are able to traverse grass, gravel, dirt and hard sand with ease and are often seen at low tide on the beach. A majority of electric skateboards are operated with a hand-held remote control with a throttle. The throttle moves the rider forward. Most electric skateboards have braking and reverse functionality, so pulling back on the throttle will initiate the brakes and eventually propel the user backward. 2107 www.ijaegt.com
2. 3D DRAWING OF THE FRAME 4. COMPONENTS AND DESCRIPTION The components that are used in the project Central Wheeled Hoverboard are as follows, G I square pipe Bearings MS shaft Wheels Motor Chain and Sprockets Mechanical Brake Battery RF Controller Swivel wheel G I square pipe A vehicle frame is the main supporting structure of a motor vehicle to which all other components are attached. Specification Type GI square pipe (hollow) Width- 25mm Thickness-1mm Bearings ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm 3. 3D DRAWING OF THE VEHICLE A bearing is a kind of mechanical structure which supports, shafts, axle, wheel or any rotating part of a machine. Type-Pillow block bearing Inner diameter-20.4mm No. of bearings- 2 MS shaft Here shaft receives power from motor through chain drive to rotate wheels. Diameters d1=20.4mm, d2=22mm, d3=25mm Length 370mm Wheels Its main purpose is to allow things to roll. No. of wheels-2 No. of wheel hub-2 Extreme diameter-420mm Inner diameter-22mm Thickness-80mm Motor 2108 www.ijaegt.com
A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical machines that converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy. Type PMDC motor Power- 150W Voltage - 24V Speed 2750rpm Torque 0.52N.m Chain and sprockets Chain drive is a way of transmitting mechanical power from one place to another by using sprockets. Chain no: of links 110 Chain link dimension 12.7 3.18mm Sprocket pitch of pinion 12.7mm Sprocket no. of teeth on pinion - 18 Sprocket pitch of wheel 12.7mm Sprocket no. teeth on wheel 36 Mechanical brake The main function of the brake system is to decelerate or decrease the speed of a vehicle. Type Internal expanding drum brake Battery The purpose of the battery is to supply the necessary current to the motor. Type Sealed Lead Acid Battery No. of battery 2 Type of connection Series Voltage - 12V Current 12Amps 5. WORKING The motor is fixed at the rear end of the frame. The frame is made up of GI square pipes. By the assistance of arc welding, the frame is rigidly holded. The frame consists of upper and lower sections. The upper section serves a provision for providing an area to keep our feet for standing. A metal sheet of 2 mm thickness is provided over the upper frame to make a flat and rigid support. The front portion of the metal sheet is provided with a gap to fix a display to analyze the speed of the motor. The lower section has many parts to hold. The main parts are motor and the wheel. The wheel is fixed on a shaft tightly. The wheel and shaft has no relative motion between them. For providing no relative motion, each wheel hub is screwed to the shaft. The wheels are placed on the shaft providing suitable distance between them. To provide rotation of the wheel, a bearing is provided at two ends of the mild Steel shaft. The motor is fixed to the frame and two batteries are provided to power the motor. Power transmission is done using chain and sprocket. A controller board is also included with the frame to control the rotational speed of the motor. 6. PROJECT WORK AFTER COMPLETION RF module It is used to transmit and/or receive radio signals between two devices. Components RF transmitter RF receiver Display screen Swivel wheel It is used to prevent frame to hit the floor and used for balancing Material- Polyurethane Total length 9.6cm Diameter 7.3cm Thickness 3.2cm Number of wheels 2 7. CONCLUSION This project work has provided us an excellent opportunity and experience, to use our limited knowledge. We gained a lot of practical knowledge regarding planning, purchasing, assembling and machining while doing this project. We feel that the project work is a good solution to bridge the gates between institution and industries. We are proud that we have completed the work with the limited time successfully. Our project center wheeled hoverboard is working and giving a good result. We have done to our ability and skill making maximum use of available facilities. In conclusion remarks of our project work, lets add a few more lines about our impression project work. Thus we have developed a central wheeled hoverboard with simple technology. 2109 www.ijaegt.com
The application of this hoverboard is moderate but cost of making is less. It is the main advantage of this project. By using more techniques they can be modified and developed. We can produce better and efficient one. 8. REFERENCES [1]. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIONS IN ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY [IJIERT] ISSN: 2394-3696 VOLUME 2, ISSUE 4, APR.-2015 Design and Development of Solar Two Wheeler [2]. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Vol. 6, Issue 5, May 2017, Design and Development of a Self Balancing Mono Wheel Electric Vehicle [3]. International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research, REVIEW ON DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THREE WHEELED CAMPUS MOBILITY VEHICLE [4]. International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 4, Issue 03, 2016, Hybrid Two Wheel Drive Motorcycle with Range Extender [5]. International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 4, Issue 9, September 2015, Designing the Self Balancing Platform (Segway) 2110 www.ijaegt.com