Criterias for 05003 19. August 2014 Procurement of small vehicles for municipal cleaning
Procurement of small vehicles for municipal cleaning (05003/19.08.2014) 1. Introduction Important objectives regarding implementation of environmental protection in the facilities of the Vienna City Administration include reduction of resource consumption (e.g. energy), prevention of substances harmful to the environment, prevention and reduction of waste, the ecologically appropriate treatment of unavoidable waste, as well as reduction of noise and hazardous substances. This criteria list shall apply to the procurement of small vehicles for municipal cleaning up to 7.5 t maximum permissible weight. Information for procurers Motor vehicles are in general the most significant sources of environmental damage. In the following the most crucial environmental problems caused by road traffic are described. Emissions can be distinguished between rather locally and rather globally (i.e. relevant to climate change) effective emissions. Primarily carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is globally effective. Locally effective are substances such as carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), nitrogen oxide (NOx) and particles, e.g. in diesel. Climate change relevant emissions carbon dioxide Following various climate protocols, Austria has committed itself to reducing its greenhouse gas emissions compared to the basic value of 1990. CO 2 is responsible for climate change because of its negative impact. Traffic is one of the most substantial causes of greenhouse gas emissions and therefore responsible for about 22 percent of all carbon dioxide emissions. CO 2 emissions need to be taken into special consideration in procurement. 2
Air pollution The pollutants listed below have significantly been reduced by EU-wide applicable measures to reduce exhaust emissions of motor vehicles. CO emissions: Today s very low CO concentration in the air has no negative effects on humans or nature. Traffic is still the main cause of CO emissions, however, three-way catalytic converters and low-emission diesel vehicles have helped to continuously reduce this share since the beginning of the nineteen eighties. NOx emissions: Road traffic causes approx. half of the NO x emissions in Austria. Nitrogen oxides are said to be the most significant substances causing damage to woods and are precursors for creating lowlevel ozone. Non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC): Road traffic causes approx. 1/3 of all emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons in Austria. Regarding their impact on the environment, NMHCs are rated differently. They are a significant factor concerning damage to woods and regarding their harmful properties, also as precursor substances for establishing low-level ozone. The main share is in particular emitted by petrolpowered vehicles (approx. 87%). Soot emission: Soot particles are mainly emitted by diesel-powered vehicles. In animal tests they have proven to be carcinogenic. Furthermore, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons adhere to them, some of which, e.g. benzo(a)pyrene are rated as carcinogenic. Noise emissions Road traffic is a significant source of noise emission. According to surveys, 2/3 of the population feel annoyed by it, almost 1/4 even very much more. Recycling Disposal of motor vehicles including all accessories, e.g. starter battery, used oil and used tyres, are a significant waste problem. Summary When procuring new motor vehicles the minimum requirements according to item 2 shall be met. 3
Minimum requirements beyond item 2 or alternative criteria could be the following: Oxidation catalyst in diesel vehicles Diesel vehicles can be optionally equipped with an oxidation catalyst (OxiCat). An OxiCat converts carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) almost 100% into steam and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Biodiesel (RME) as alternative fuel Where vehicles are mainly used in ecologically sensitive areas (e.g. water conservation areas), the use of biodiesel can significantly reduce the risk of environmental contamination through leaking fuel. Electric drive Auxiliary heaters A cold engine emits significantly more than an engine at operating temperature. The need or meaningfulness of an auxiliary heater shall be considered individually, depending on use and application. Auxiliary heaters in combination with heating of cooling water or similar installations may significantly reduce the cold start and warm-up phases during winter months, which are consumption and emission intensive. Fuel consumption indicator This indicator may contribute towards driving in an energy-saving and low-wear way and therefore the necessary investments costs may turn out to be more than economical. Considering the service intervals with regular fuel and alternative fuel (e.g. biodiesel), as longer intervals mean less used oil to be disposed of. Considering fuel consumption, specification according to MVEG Considering CO 2 emissions Considering stricter exhaust emission standards (e.g. EURO V, EU Directive 9768 EC, stage 4) - Considering spare parts 4
Replacement intervals and replacement costs of the following items could be taken into account (material and service): - Brake shoes - Brake disks - Change of brake fluid - Change of air filter - Change of dust and pollen filter Intervals and costs for inspection service Considering recyclability of the vehicle Used materials and their recyclability can be considered: - Use of recyclable material - Constructions designed for convenient disassembly - Use of recyclates - Separability of materials - Avoid the use of problematic material - Reduction of many different materials Appropriate specifications and details by producers regarding e.g. the degree of recyclability in weight percentage can be claimed by tenderers and assessed by the ordering party. In this case, the producers shall guarantee the specified recycling quota. Tenderers can be asked to present an appropriate recycling concept. The synthetic materials used should be labelled adequately for later unmixed sorting and recycling. Information for users The ordering party shall ensure that aforementioned information is communicated to the users. 5
2. Minimum requirements of the provisions in the specification The specification needs to contain at least the following minimum requirements: Description Minimum requirements Environmental protection Emission limits for HGV Emission limits for self-propelled machines and trolleys Particulate filter Noise Fuel Euro IV EU Directive 9768 EC stage 3b Yes maximum limits acc.to 70/157/EEC in the applicable version Diesel Equipment Ventilation Elapsed hours meter or speedometer Pollen filter Yes Operation Warranty without mileage limit Warranty on spare parts and repair work from time of repair irrespective of the 2-year warranty Warranty on spare parts supply Supply of spare parts within 2 years 1 year 10 years 24 hours Training Training Drivers and mechanics Data sheets Prevailing data sheets for minimum requirements shall be provided. Minimum requirements not specified in the data sheets are to be produced in the appropriate form upon special request of the ordering party. 6