Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: European success stories across the energy and transport landscape 15 th October 2013 Westminster Networking Drinks kindly sponsored by:
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking What Fuel Cells and Hydrogen have to offer Europe and how this is being realised. Bert De Colvenaer, Executive Director London, 15 October 2013 1
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen technologies can contribute to : Sustainability H 2 is a clean carrier of energy Transport and stationary applications, generate electricity and heat Storage of renewable energy sources Reduction of CO 2 emissions Energy Security Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Energy Security Competitiveness Increase independence from unstable outside regions Sustainability Competitiveness research excellence leading to industry innovation and growth 2
The FCH JTI in the SET plan The European Wind Initiative The European Industrial Bioenergy Initiative The European CO2 Capture, Transport and Storage Initiative EU targets : 20 % increase in renewables 20 % increase in efficiency The Solar Europe Initiative SET plan The European Electricity Grid Initiative 20 % decrease in emissions Energy Efficiency The Smart Cities Initiative The Sustainable Nuclear Initiative The Fuel Cells and Hydrogen (FCH) Joint Technology Initiative Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking FCH JU : community body Budget : 940 M FCH JU Programme Office 450 = RTD : 315 ENER : 120 MOVE : 15 3
Public-Private Partnership Fuel Cells & Hydrogen Joint Undertaking Industry Grouping Over 60 members European Union represented by the European Commission Research Grouping Over 60 members To accelerate the development of technology base towards market deployment of FCH technologies from 2015 onwards Both the Industry Grouping and the Research Grouping are non-profit organisations with open membership 4
FCH JU portfolio : 127 projects TRANSPORTATION & REFUELLING INFRASTRUCTURE 25 projects 8 demo 14 research 3 CSA HYDROGEN PRODUCTION & DISTRIBUTION 28 projects 4 demo 24 research STATIONARY POWER GENERATION & CHP 36 projects 9 demo 26 research 1 CSA EARLY MARKETS 21 project 13 demo 8 research CROSS - CUTTING 17 project RCS, Safety, Education, PNR, 5
This image cannot currently be displayed. Clean Hydrogen in European Cities Objectives Operation of 26 fuel cell buses in 5 cities in Europe (Aargau, Bolzano, London, Milano, Oslo) and the respective infrastructure for a period of 5 years Transfer of learning from cities with experience in operating buses and infrastructure (Hamburg, Berlin, Cologne, Whistler; ~ 30 fuel cell buses) to the 5 cities Assessment of the technology with focus on environment, economy and society Dissemination to the general public and to cities preparing for the technology in the next step 2 filling stations per city Demonstration phase 2010-2016 Cost 82 M, 26 M funding Main Partners 25 partners from cities, consultants and industry: ATM, BC Transit, BVG, hycologne, hysolutions, infraserv höchst, London Buses, Postauto, Ruter, STA, element energy, Euro Keys, HyER, PE International, PLANET, Spilett, University of Stuttgart, Air Liquide, Air Products, Daimler, Linde, Shell, Total, Vattenfall, Wrightbus 6
HYTEC The HyTEC project will expand the existing European network of hydrogen demonstration sites into two of the most promising early markets for hydrogen and fuel cells, Denmark (Copenhagen) and the UK (London) 30 new hydrogen vehicles (taxis, passenger cars and scooters 16 partners from 5 countries 2 refuelling stations : London Copenhagen 7
Ene.field project Demonstration of up to 1000 residential fuel cell µchp (1 5kW) units from 9 manufacturers in 12 EU member states Establish supply chains, validate new routes to market, stimulate cost reduction for final commercial deployment FCH JU Target State of the Art Expected performance Electrical efficiency (min) 35% 30 % 35 % 50 % Overall efficiency > 85% (LHV) 70 % 85 % Up to 90 % Lifetime : of 8-10 years 3 years Up to 8 years 8
HyLIFT DEMO European demonstration of fuel cell powered materials handling vehicles including infrastructure Objectives demonstration of 30 fuel cell forklifts demonstration of hydrogen refuelling infrastructure performance of accelerated durability tests preparation of market deployment from 2013 on 9
FCH JU Main Achievements Transport sector : 49 buses, 37 passenger cars, 95 mini cars 13 new refuelling stations FC Bus H 2 consumption halved H 2 cost < 10 /kg Stationary sector : 1000 domestic Combined Heat & Power generators Cost - 50%, efficiency 90%, lifetime up to 8 years Early markets sector : 9 fork lifts, 1 tow truck 19 back up power units For the European FCH community : Strong, visible and coherent Consensus strategy (MAIP/AIP) Pre-competitive collaboration 430 participants in 127 projects SME participation 23% 10
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Community +10% average increase of annual turnover (on a 2012 total of 0.5 billion) +8% average increase of R&D expenditures (2012 total 1.8 billion) +6% average increase of market deployment expenditures (2012 total 0.6 billon) +6% growth in jobs per year (~4,000 FTE in 2012) while average EU job market has contracted +16% annual increase in patents granted in the EU to European companies (average 1.5% for all European industries) Source: Trends in investments, jobs and turnover in the Fuel cells and Hydrogen sector, 2012 11
FCH JU contribution per country 90.00 M 80.00 70.00 60.00 50.00 40.00 30.00 20.00 10.00 Germany United Kingdom Italy Denmark France Belgium Switzerland Norway The Netherlands Spain 0.00 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 12
Urban buses: alternative powertrains for Europe FCH JU funded study A fact-based analysis of the role of diesel hybrid, hydrogen fuel cell, trolley and electric powertrains 13
The coalition of more than 40 industrial companies and organizations Bus OEMs Technology Providers Infrastructure Transportation Companies Other organizations / HyER / 1 Bombardier, Hydrogenics and ABB participate in both the Technology Providers and the Infrastructure working groups SOURCE: FCH JU; McKinsey 14
In depth analysis of 8 different powertrains for standard and articulated bus 1. Diesel powertrain 2. CNG powertrain 3. Parallel hybrid powertrain 4. Serial hybrid powertrain Conventional diesel combustion engine Conventional CNG combustion engine Parallel hybrid configuration of electric and ICE drive Fully electric driving for smaller distances (<2 km) Serial hybrid configuration of dominating electric system Fully electric driving for smaller distances (<10 km); larger range possible depending on capacity of battery 5. Hydrogen fuel cell powertrain 6. Trolley powertrain 7. Opportunity e-bus 8. Overnight e-bus High pressure/ storage system BOP and periphery Other fuel cell Trolley poles APU/generator and inverter Charging equipment Electric storage Charging equipment Electric storage Fuel cell stack Electric storage E-motor and inverter Intermediate gearbox Mechanical drive line E-motor and inverter Intermediate gearbox Mechanical drive line E-motor and inverter Intermediate gearbox Mechanical drive line E-motor and inverter Intermediate gearbox Mechanical drive line Serial hybrid configuration of fuel cell system and electric drive Hydrogen tank pressure typically 350 or 700 bar Purely electric drive Electric energy taken from the overhead wiring while driving Purely electric drive Only charging of battery from the grid while stationary at intermediate stops (e.g. via an overhead catenary system) Purely electric drive Only charging of battery from the grid while stationary at the depot ICE powertrain Transmission Electric powertrain Battery or supercaps FC powertrain 15 SOURCE: Study analysis
E-bus opportunity and hydrogen fuel cell expected to be the cheapest zero local-emission standard bus by 2030 WELL-TO-WHEEL STANDARD Labeling of powertrain according degrees of operational experience (kilometers driven): Commercial solution (>> 100 million km): Conventional, trolley Test fleets (> 1 million km): Diesel hybrids, fuel cell Prototype phase (< 10 thousand km): E-buses 2030 Greenest option 2030 Cheapest option 2012 TCO 1,3 EUR/km 5.5 5.0 4.5 E-bus overnight Hydrogen fuel cell 4.0 3.5 3.0 Trolley E-bus opportunity 2.5 0 0 100 200 300 SOURCE: Clean team; working team analysis 400 500 600 700 800 900 Serial hybrid 1,000 Parallel hybrid 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 GHG emissions 2 gco 2e /km 1 Total cost of ownership for a 12m bus including purchase, running and financing costs based on 60,000km annual mileage and 12 years bus lifetime not all powertrains available for articulated buses therefore articulated buses not shown 2 Total CO 2e emissions per bus per km for different fuel types from well-to-wheel 3 Electricity cost for e-bus and water electrolysis part of hydrogen production based on renewable electricity price with a premium of EUR50/MWh over normal electricity CNG Diesel 16
E-bus opportunity and hydrogen fuel cell expected to be the cheapest zero local-emission standard bus by 2030 WELL-TO-WHEEL STANDARD Labeling of powertrain according degrees of operational experience (kilometers driven): Commercial solution (>> 100 million km): Conventional, trolley Test fleets (> 1 million km): Diesel hybrids, fuel cell Prototype phase (< 10 thousand km): E-buses 2030 Greenest option 2030 Cheapest option 2012 TCO 1,3 EUR/km 5.5 5.0 4.5 E-bus overnight Hydrogen fuel cell 4.0 3.5 3.0 Trolley E-bus opportunity 2.5 0 0 100 200 300 SOURCE: Clean team; working team analysis 400 500 600 700 800 900 Serial hybrid 1,000 Parallel hybrid 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 GHG emissions 2 gco 2e /km 1 Total cost of ownership for a 12m bus including purchase, running and financing costs based on 60,000km annual mileage and 12 years bus lifetime not all powertrains available for articulated buses therefore articulated buses not shown 2 Total CO 2e emissions per bus per km for different fuel types from well-to-wheel 3 Electricity cost for e-bus and water electrolysis part of hydrogen production based on renewable electricity price with a premium of EUR50/MWh over normal electricity CNG Diesel 17
E-bus opportunity and hydrogen fuel cell expected to be the cheapest zero local-emission standard bus by 2030 WELL-TO-WHEEL STANDARD Labeling of powertrain according degrees of operational experience (kilometers driven): Commercial solution (>> 100 million km): Conventional, trolley Test fleets (> 1 million km): Diesel hybrids, fuel cell Prototype phase (< 10 thousand km): E-buses 2030 Greenest option 2030 Cheapest option 2012 TCO 1,3 EUR/km 5.5 5.0 4.5 E-bus overnight Hydrogen fuel cell 4.0 3.5 3.0 Trolley E-bus opportunity 2.5 0 0 100 200 300 SOURCE: Clean team; working team analysis 400 500 600 700 800 900 Serial hybrid 1,000 Parallel hybrid 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 GHG emissions 2 gco 2e /km 1 Total cost of ownership for a 12m bus including purchase, running and financing costs based on 60,000km annual mileage and 12 years bus lifetime not all powertrains available for articulated buses therefore articulated buses not shown 2 Total CO 2e emissions per bus per km for different fuel types from well-to-wheel 3 Electricity cost for e-bus and water electrolysis part of hydrogen production based on renewable electricity price with a premium of EUR50/MWh over normal electricity CNG Diesel 18
FCH JU Policy Achievement Clean Power for Transport Package = Proposal for Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure Build a competitive and resource efficient transport system. Establish long term fuel strategy. Remove technical and regulatory barriers. Facilitate a single market for alternative fuels vehicles and vessels. Associated costs: Electricity = 8 M charging points = 8 B LNG Waterborne =139 refuelling points * 15 M = 2,1 B LNG trucks = 144 refuelling points * 0.4 M = 58 M CNG road = 654 refuelling points * 0.25 M = 164 M Hydrogen = 77 refuelling stations * 1.6 M = 123 M 19
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking General objectives Contribute to the objectives of the Joint Technology Initiative on FCH Development of a strong, sustainable and competitive FCH sector Specific Objectives Reduce cost of fuel cell systems for transport applications, while increasing their lifetime Increase the electrical efficiency and the durability for power production, while reducing costs Increase the energy efficiency of production of hydrogen from electrolysis while reducing capital costs Demonstrate integration of renewable energy sources through H2 storage Adopted by the Commission on 10 July 2013 as part of the Innovation Investment Package (Horison 2020) 20
Fuel Cell and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking Transport Road vehicles Non-road vehicles and machinery Refuelling infrastructure Energy Hydrogen production and distribution Hydrogen storage for renewable energy integration Maritime, rail and aviation applications Fuel cells for power and combined heat & power generation Cross-cutting Issues (e.g. standards, consumer awareness, manufacturing methods, ) More demonstration and market updake (60 %) Increased EC contribution (700 M ) 21
Invitation General Assembly 22
Hydrogen as smart link Conversion of electrical into chemical power Siemens AG 23
Thank you for your attention! Further info : FCH JU : http://fch-ju.eu NEW-IG : http://www.fchindustry-jti.eu N.ERGHY : http://www.nerghy.eu 24
FCH developments in Germany Recent activities and pioneering examples October 15th, 2013 London Dr. Hanno Butsch Head of International Cooperation NOW GmbH National Organization Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology
Political background for the transition to renewable energies Three reasons why it is inevitable to change the energy system in Germany: Climate protection: Global responsibility for the next generation. Energy security: More independency from fossil fuels. Securing the economy: Creating new markets and jobs through innovations. 2
Political Climate and Energy Targets for Germany 1 Reducing GHG across all sectors (1990 baseline): 40% by 2010 80% by 2050 Share of renewable energies of the gross final energy consumption: 18% by 2020 60% by 2050 The share of renewable energies for the electric power supply: 35% by 2020 80% by 2050 Reducing primary energy consumption: 20% by 2020 50% by 2050. Increase of Energy productivity: 2.1% per year compared to final energy consumption. Decrease of electricity consumption (baseline 2008): 10% by 2020 25% by 2050 Compared to 2008, heat demand in buildings is to be reduced by 20% by 2020, while primary energy demand is to fall by 80% by 2050. 3
Market Preparation for Eletro-Mobility Three pillars of electrifying the powertrain hybrid vehicles (rail/ road) Electric Powertrain Technologies plug-invehicles and pure battery electric vehicles battery technology 500 mio. budget (2009-2014); Incl. 150 mio. BMVBS (2009-2011) ~ 100 mio. (2011-2014) hydrogen and fuel cells Hydrogen and fuel cell technologies 1,4 bn. budget (2007-2016) incl. 700 mio. federal funding: BMVBS (500 mio. ) and BMWi (200 mio. ) batteries and hydrogen / fuel cells are key technologies for a sustainable mobility 4
NIP Programm - Why hydrogen? 5
National Innovation Programme for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NIP) BMVBS-funding Status 08/2013 program area LoI & approved k In discussion k total k transportation 238.685 54.961 293.645 H2-production 15.055 1.241 16.296 industrial applications 32.513 19.571 52.083 residential cogeneration 55.350 9.726 65.076 special markets 51.657 17.783 69.440 cross-cutting issues 4.839 9.893 14.732 product line 398.099 113.174 511.273 13% 10% 3% 14% 3% transportation 57% H2-production industrial applications residential cogeneration special markets cross-cutting issues Total number of projects: 214 approved / LoI: 140 projects (316 applications) 132 100.000 Demonstration (BMVBS) und R&D (BMWi) 60 80.000 60.000 outflow of funds budget BM Wi BM VBS 40.000 14 8 20.000 Project idea / Project in planning Application delivered / being processed Letter of Intent (LoI) Approved 0 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 6
NIP - Integrated Approach for Market Preparation Technology components subsystem systems + products Application cost reliability lifetime Markets customer acception safety approval processes Bosch: Hydrogen Gas Injector HGI FCCT: Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) Linde: Ionic H2-Compressor 7
Political Framework for the Transport Sector Share of transport in final energy consumption nearly 30% Tripling of energy consumption in transport since 1960, even five-fold increase in road traffic Development of final energy consumption 2005-2009: Transport sector as a whole: + 3% Car Traffic : - 7 % Road Transport: + 3 % Aviation: + 7 % Goals of the German Energy Concept (2010) for Transport: about -10 % of final energy consumption until 2020 about -40 % of final energy consumption until 2050 (vs. 2005) The Mobility and Fuels Strategy of the German Government 2 outlines the way how to achieve these objectives. Electrification of the drive train (BEV s and FCEV s) is an key issue to reach the targets! 8
Clean Energy Partnership FCV Fleet Planned fleet of Fuel Cell Vehicles and busses 90 Daimler B-series F-CELL 20 Opel Hydrogen4 8 Volkswagen Touran, Caddy, Tiguan HyMotion, Audi Q5-HFC 5 Toyota FCHV 2 Honda FCX Clarity more car manufacturers are planning to join the CEP > 10 EvoBus fuel cell busses in Hamburg, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe 4 Busses with Hydrogen-ICE in Berlin 9
Germany to expand nationwide network of hydrogen filling stations from 15 to 50 by 2015 June 20, 2012 joint Letter of Intent to expand the network of hydrogen filling stations in Germany signed by the German Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development (BMVBS) and several industrial companies part of the National Innovation Programme for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NIP) overall investment more than 40 million (US$51 million) market-relevant testing of filling-station technology ensure a needs-driven supply for fuel cell vehicles coordination by NOW GmbH in the frame of the Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) To facilitate market introduction [of fuel cell vehicles] we need a hydrogen station network covering and connecting the metropolitan regions. Dr. Peter Ramsauer, Federal Minister for Transport, Building and Urban Development 10
H2-Mobility action plan until 2023 September 30 2013, Stuttgart Air Liquide, Daimler, Linde, OMV, Shell and Total agree on an action plan for the construction of a hydrogen refueling network in Germany. Targets: 400 HRS until 2023 ( 100 HRS until 2017) 350 mio. investment. Max. 90 km distance between two HRS at the motorway 10 HRS in each metropolitan area. www.now-gmbh.de 11
Demonstrating Wind-Hydrogen for Mobility hydrogen as part of an integrated energy system renewable hydrogen as fuel Enertrag: Hybrid Power Plant Total: Refueling Station at Heidestr., Berlin First delievery of wind-hydrogen on April 18t h, 2012 12
Status NIP Activities within the Lighthouse Projects Focus Areas: Research & Development Education (Craftsmen) Learning / Experience Market Research Cost Reduction Reliability Improvement By the end of 2012 the following was achieved: 340 units installed 2,3 Mio operating hours 1,3 Mio kwh el. energy generated 500 units will be installed until end of 2013 Projects for uninterrupted power supply: 14 projects 280 fuel cells in field test operation across Germany In 2012 about 800 units have been sold world wide. In 2017 the prognosis is to sell 25.000 units world wide. October 30th, 2013 Dr. Hanno Butsch 13
Perspective: NIP 2016+ Transport sector: more than 500 public hydrogen fuelling stations nationally, over half a million fuel cell cars on the road and 2,000 fuel cell buses in line service operation within the public transport system Hydrogen generation from renewable energies: 1,500 MW capacity electrolysers for the generation of hydrogen from renewable energies definition and implementation of successful business models for power to gas development of hydrogen storage mechanisms to store renewable electricity Fuel cells for stationary energy supply: more than a half a million fuel cell heating appliances in operation more than 1,000 MW fuel cell CHP installations in operation more than 25,000 secure power supply installations in place www.now-gmbh.de August 2012 14
Thank you very much! Dr. Hanno Butsch Head of International Cooperation NOW GmbH National Organization Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology Fasanenstrasse 5, 10623 Berlin, Germany download: www.now-gmbh.de
UK: Poised for Success? Adam Chase Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: European Success Stories Across the Energy and Transport Landscape 15 October 2013 Portcullis House, Westminster Strategic thinking in sustainable energy
E4tech perspective International consulting firm, offices in UK and Switzerland Focus on sustainable energy Established 1997, always independent Deep expertise in technology, business and strategy, market assessment, techno-economic modelling, policy support A spectrum of clients from start-ups to global corporations
UK Highlights Strategic thinking in sustainable energy
SUPPORT EXAMPLES ACTORS UK hydrogen and fuel cell sector Research Development Supported commercial Commercial ~400 researchers across many universities Growth stage businesses Materials and hydrogen suppliers Product supply in global supply chain $ 4
Aberdeen hydrogen bus project 1MW wind farm + electrolyser 1 filling station 10 buses 3 years 20 million funding Sites selected Equipment ordered 5
Transport for London Hydrogen bus fuelling Fleet of hydrogen fuel cell buses operating since 2011 on route RV1 High pressure hydrogen delivery with storage and dispensing on site Minimal site maintenance requirements Milestones reached in 2012: 1,000 safe fuellings and 100,000 miles travelled Fleet to increase to 8 during 2013
London Hydrogen Network Expansion UK s first hydrogen powered transport system across London and the South East 2013-16 led by Air Products State-of-the-art fast-fill 700 bar hydrogen fuelling Hydrogen vans and Hyundai cars Co-funded by a grant from the Technology Strategy Board The Mayor of London and the Greater London Authority play supporting role
Smaller scale heat and power: Ceres Power Sussex-based, spun out of Imperial College in 2001 11 years and >$100m of development, >30 global patent families Unique metal-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology Targeting stationary natural gas micro-chp and larger power applications Deal signed with largest Korean boiler manufacturer July 2013 Significant interest from key appliance makers & utilities in US, EU & Far East Horsham manufacturing plant Combined Heat and Power 8 Ceres steel cell
Large scale stationary power: AFC Energy 2009 2012 Alkaline fuel cell technology Power from industrial waste gas streams Very low cost materials Surrey-based Large international partners e.g. AkzoNobel 2014 9
How to Succeed Strategic thinking in sustainable energy
Lessons from an adjacent sector: UK automotive Need to galvanise action Loss of OEMs Hollowed out supply chain Uncompetitive products Concerted action by industry Common voice to government Senior leadership Clear roadmap Economic case for support 2013 2009 Photo: Birmingham Mail 11
Government response: directly relevant for FCEVs Advanced Propulsion Centre 1 billion PPP Taking powertrain technologies to OEM readiness Open for business in 2014 OLEV Strategy for ULEVs Explicit mention of hydrogen station network Support package to 2020 Fiscal and non fiscal measures 12
The Importance of Policy Strategic thinking in sustainable energy
Market failure and collective action It s complex Energy Transport Business Communities.. But also quite simple Industry has the technology, economy and society have the need Clear, consistent and long term signals will encourage investment & innovation Avoid anomalies Remove hurdles 14
E4tech strategic thinking in sustainable energy Thank you Adam Chase adam.chase@e4tech.com www.e4tech.com E4tech (UK) Ltd 83, Victoria Street London SW1H 0HW United Kingdom +44 (0)20 3008 6140 info@e4tech.co.uk E4tech Sàrl Av. Juste-Olivier 2 1006 Lausanne Switzerland +41 (0)21 331 15 70 info@e4tech.ch 15
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: European success stories across the energy and transport landscape 15 th October 2013 Westminster Networking Drinks kindly sponsored by: