Soybean Farming Pays the BILLS

J. J. Production Soybean Farming Pays the BILLS Farmer Joe is an average Illinois Soybean Farmer. His farm has 36 acres for soybean planting. Soybeans are weighed by the bushel. The crop yield is how many bushels Joe can grow per acre. Joe sells his bushels of soybeans at the grain elevator. The price for a bushel of soybeans varies from year to year. The crop yield can also vary. The charts below show the average soybean crop yields and the average price per bushel for the years 194-29. Use these charts to answer the questions about Joe s 36-acre farm. U.S. SOYBEAN YIELD 194-29 U.S. SOYBEAN PRICES PAID TO FARMERS 194-29 BUSHELS/ACRE METRIC TONS/HECTARE $/BUSHELS $/METRIC TON 1 36 4 3.3 294 32 16 194 199 1994 1999 24 2.2 1.1. 29 6 4 2 22 14 3 194 199 1994 1999 24 29 194 2.1 (1.9) 195 34.1 (2.29) 196 33.3 (2.24) 19 33.9 (2.26) 19 2. (1.1) 199 32.3 (2.1) 199 34.1 (2.29) 1991 34.2 (2.3) 1992 3.6 (2.53) BUSHELS/ACRE (METRIC TONS/HECTARE) 1993 32.6 (2.19) 1994 41.4 (2.) 1995 35.3 (2.3) 1996 3.6 (2.53) 199 3.9 (2.62) 199 3.9 (2.62) 1999 36.6 (2.46) 2 3.1 (2.56) 21 39.6 (2.66) 22 3. (2.56) 23 33.9 (2.2) 24 42.2 (2.4) 25 43. (2.9) 26 42. (2.) 2 41.2 (2.) 2 41. (2.) 29 44. (2.96) 194 5.5 (215) 195 5.5 (16) 196 4. (16) 19 5. (216) 19.42 (23) 199 5.69 (29) 199 5.4 (211) 1991 5.5 (25) 1992 5.56 (24) $/BUSHELS ($/METRIC TON) 1993 6.4 (235) 1994 5.4 (21) 1995 6.2 (24) 1996.35 (2) 199 6.4 (23) 199 4.93 (11) 1999 4.63 (1) 2 4.54 (16) 21 4.3 (161) 22 5.53 (23) 23.34 (2) 24 5.4 (211) 25 5.66 (2) 26 6.43 (236) 2 1.4 (32) 2 1.1 (31) 29 9.45 (34) WORKSHEET QUESTIONS Joe s first year of farming his soybean field was 1992. On average, how many bushels did Joe produce and how much money did he make that year? Did Joe have a better year in 199 than 1992? What was the difference? Between 22-29, which year was the best year for Joe? How much money did he make? Between 22-29, which year was the worst year for Joe? How much less did he make than his best year? IL Math Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School 6.A.3, 6.B.3a, 6.C.3a,.A.3b,.C.3, 1.A.3a Chart source: soystats.com 21 Illinois Soybean Association

Saving the Planet with SOYBEANS! The U.S. Dept. of Energy and the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture determined in a 199 study that using biodiesel reduces the net carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions by percent compared to petroleum diesel. This is due to biodiesel s closed carbon cycle. Growing plants, which are later processed into fuel, recycle the CO 2 released into the atmosphere when biodiesel is burned. Substituting just one gallon of gasoline or diesel with biodiesel can save up to 2 pounds of CO 2 emissions into the atmosphere! HOW CAN YOU HELP? WORKSHEET QUESTIONS If you filled up your car s gas tank with 15 gallons of biodiesel fuel once a week instead of regular gasoline, how many pounds of CO 2 emissions would be saved in one year just from you? What if 15 people in your neighborhood did the same thing? How many pounds of CO 2 emissions would be saved in a year? If one bushel of soybeans yields 1.5 gallons of biodiesel, how many bushels of soybeans would it take to fill up your 15-gallon gas tank each week? Each year? IL Math Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School 6.A.3, 6.B.3a, 6.C.3a, 6.D.3,.A.3b,.A.3b,.C.3,.D.3a,.D.3b 21 Illinois Soybean Association

Read All About It! The Up and Coming SOYBEAN! A reporter researches a story by looking at many different sources. They take the knowledge gained to make conclusions about a subject. Once their investigation is complete, they report their findings in an article. Today you are the reporter. Your assignment is to report on the effects of product development and incentive laws on the production and prices of soybeans over a period of years. In 194, George Washington Carver began studying the soybean. His discoveries changed the way people thought about the soybean; no longer was it just a forage crop. Now its beans provided valuable protein and oil. Prior to World War II, the United States imported 4 percent of its edible fats and oil. At the advent of the war, this oil supply was cut. Processors turned to soybean oil. In 194, Henry Ford took an ax to a car trunk made with soybean plastic to demonstrate its durability. The publicity increased the soybean s popularity. In the early 5s, soybean meal became available as a low-cost, high protein feed ingredient, triggering an explosion in U.S. livestock and poultry production. U.S. commercial production of renewable biodiesel fuel measured only about 5 thousand gallons in 1999 when Congress passed EPACT legislation. By 24, biodiesel production had increased to 25 million gallons, and by 2, following passage of the federal Biodiesel Tax, biodiesel production had increased to 691 million gallons. 1, 1 soystats.com Take a look at the historical information about the soybean. Using this knowledge, analyze the charts that show soybean production, soybean meal production, soybean oil production, biodiesel consumption, and the prices paid to farmers over the years. What type of conclusions can you make about soybean production and market prices? How has increased production of different products affected market prices? Write an article showing your findings. U.S. SOYBEAN PRODUCTION 194-29 MILLION BUSHELS MILLION METRIC TONS 3, 2, 1, 194 199 1994 1999 24 29 1.6 54.4 2.2. 194 1,61 (5.56) 195 2,99 (5.13) 196 1,943 (52.9) 19 1,93 (52.5) 19 1,549 (42.16) 199 1,924 (52.3) 199 1,926 (52.42) 1991 1,9 (54.) 1992 2,19 (59.61) MILLION BUSHELS (METRIC TONS) 1993 1,1 (5.93) 1994 2,515 (6.45) 1995 2,14 (59.1) 1996 2,3 (64.) 199 2,69 (3.19) 199 2,41 (4.61) 1999 2,654 (2.22) 2 2,5 (5.5) 21 2,91 (.6) 22 2,56 (5.1) 23 2,454 (66.9) 24 3,124 (5.3) 25 3,63 (3.3) 26 3,1 (6.) 2 2,55 (.36) 2 2,6 (2.6) 29 3,361 (91.4) IL Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School Social Science 15A3a, 15A3c, 15C3, 15E3b, Math 1A3a, 1A3c, English/Lang. Arts 1C3a, 1C3c, 1C3d, 1C3f, 3A3, 3B3a, 3B3a, 3B3b, 3C3a, 5A3a, 5A3b, 5B3a, 5C3a 21 Illinois Soybean Association

Read All About It! The Up and Coming SOYBEAN! U.S. SOYBEAN MEAL PRODUCTION 194-29 U.S. SOYBEAN OIL PRODUCTION 194-29 36 24 12 194 199 1994 1999 24 29 194 24.5/$136 (22.2/$15) 195 25./$166 (22./$13) 196 2./$1 (25.2/$195) 19 2.1/$239 (25.5/$264) 19 24.9/$252 (22.6/$2) 199 2./$16 (25.1/$26) 199 2.3/$11 (25./$2) 1991 29./$19 (2./$29) 1992 3.4/$194 (2.6/$214) 1993 3.5/$193 (2./$213) 1994 33.3/$163 (3.2/$19) 1995 32.5/$236 (29.5/$26) 1996 34.2/$262 (31./$29) 32. 21. 1.9. MILLION SHORT TONS/AVERAGE PRICE (MILLION METRIC TONS/AVERAGE PRICE) MILLION GALLONS 6 4 2 199 3.2/$15 (34./$24) 199 3./$139 (34.3/$153) 1999 3.6/$16 (34.1/$15) 2 39.4/$14 (35./$191) 21 4.3/$16 (36.6/$15) 22 3.2/$12 (34.6/$21) 23 36.3/$256 (32.9/$22) 24 4./$13 (33./$22) 25 41.2/$14 (3.4/$192) 26 43./$25 (39./$226) 2 43./$335 (39./$369) 2 42.2/$336 (3.4/$3) 29 39.1/$331 (35.5/$364) U.S. BIODIESEL CONSUMPTION 1999-29 1999.5 (1.9) 2 2. (.6) 21 5. (19.) 22 15. (5.) 23 2. (6.) 24 25. (95.) MILLION LITRES 1999 23 26 29 MILLION GALLONS (MILLION LITERS) 25 112. (424.) 26 224. (4.) 2 5. (1,93.) 2 691. (2,616.) 29 545. (2,63.) CALENDAR YEARS SOURCE: National Biodiesel Board, 1 bushel of soybeans produces 1.5 gallons of biodiesel and 4 pounds of protein-rich meal. 3,4 2,2 1,52 6 2 15 1 U.S. SOYBEAN PRICES PAID TO FARMERS 194-29 $/BUSHELS 1 6 4 2 5 194 199 1994 1999 24 29 194 11.5/$.295 (5.2/$651) 195 11.6/$.1 (5.3/$39) 196 12./$.154 (5./$34) 19 13./$.22 (5.9/$5) 19 11./$.211 (5.3/$465) 199 13./$.223 (5.9/$492) 199 13.4/$.21 (6.1/$463) 1991 14.3/$.191 (6.5/$421) 1992 13./$.214 (6.2/$42) 1993 14./$.2 (6.3/$595) 1994 15.6/$.25 (.1/$66) 1995 15.2/$.24 (6.9/$545) 1996 15./$.225 (.2/$496) $/METRIC TON 194 199 1994 1999 24 29 194 5.5 (215) 195 5.5 (16) 196 4. (16) 19 5. (216) 19.42 (23) 199 5.69 (29) 199 5.4 (211) 1991 5.5 (25) 1992 5.56 (24) $/BUSHELS ($/METRIC TON) 1993 6.4 (235) 1994 5.4 (21) 1995 6.2 (24) 1996.35 (2) 199 6.4 (23) 199 4.93 (11) 1999 4.63 (1) 2 4.54 (16) 21 4.3 (161) 9.2 6.9 4.6 2.3. BILLION POUNDS/AVERAGE PRICE (MILLION METRIC TONS/AVERAGE PRICE) 199 1.1/$.25 (.2/$569) 199 1.1/$.199 (.2/$439) 1999 1./$.156 (.1/$344) 2 1.4/$.142 (.4/$312) 21 1.9/$.165 (.6/$364) 22 1.4/$.22 (.3/$45) 23 1.1/$.3 (./$661) 24 19.4/$.23 (./$5) 25 2.4/$.234 (9.2/$516) 26 2.5/$.31 (9.3/$64) 2 21.2/$.55 (9.6/$1213) 2 2.6/$.52 (9.4/$1146) 29 1./$.332 (.5/$32) 22 5.53 (23) 23.34 (2) 24 5.4 (211) 25 5.66 (2) 26 6.43 (236) 2 1.4 (32) 2 1.1 (31) 29 9.45 (34) 36 294 22 14 3 SOURCE: USDA SOURCE: USDA IL Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School Social Science 15A3a, 15A3c, 15C3, 15E3b, Math 1A3a, 1A3c, English/Lang. Arts 1C3a, 1C3c, 1C3d, 1C3f, 3A3, 3B3a, 3B3b, 3C3a, 5A3a, 5A3b, 5B3a, 5C3a 21 Illinois Soybean Association

Alice Export Alice Where do the SOYBEANS GO? Soybeans are most commonly exported in three forms: whole soybeans, soybean meal, and soybean oil. The chart below shows the top 1 countries that import the three different forms of soybean products from the United States. TOP 1 U.S. EXPORT CUSTOMERS $ MILLION 29 SOYBEAN EXPORTS CHINA + $9,213 HONG KONG MEXICO $1,34 JAPAN $1,96 EUROPEAN $ UNION-2 TAIWAN $1 INDONESIA $61 EGYPT $461 TURKEY $342 KOREA $26 THAILAND $211 ALL OTHERS $1,41 TOTAL $16,454 SOYBEAN MEAL EXPORTS MEXICO $529 CANADA $434 PHILIPPINES $31 VENEZUELA $194 JAPAN $16 INDONESIA $165 DOMINICAN $14 REPUBLIC KOREA $116 GUATEMALA $94 VIETNAM $9 ALL OTHERS $1,251 TOTAL $3,53 SOYBEAN OIL EXPORTS MEXICO $163 MOROCCO $133 INDIA $12 ALGERIA $56 KOREA $56 PERU $53 CANADA $4 CHINA + $46 HONG KONG VIETNAM $41 VENEZUELA $39 ALL OTHERS $294 TOTAL $1,49 SOURCE: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CALENDAR YEAR Using this chart, calculate the top five individual countries that import all forms of soybeans from the United States. Create a new chart that shows your data. IL Math Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School 6.B.3a, 6.C.3a, 1.A.3a, 1.C.3b Chart source: soystats.com 21 Illinois Soybean Association

The SOYBEAN JOURNEY After a farmer harvests his soybeans, they need to be transported to get to their next step in the journey from pod to plate. There are three main ways that soybeans and soybean products are transported: on a barge down the river, on a semi-truck on the highway, and on a train. Read below about each method. Toby RIVER TRANSPORTATION: Soybeans can be moved using very little fuel on a barge. A barge can move one ton (2, lbs.) of cargo for 514 miles with only one gallon of fuel. You can move a larger amount of soybeans on a barge as well. One barge can hold 1,5 tons of cargo. The average river tow is 15 barges tied together, so that is a lot of soybeans! Barges take most of their cargo to Louisiana where there is a port to ship to other countries. Soy Nuts Sam HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION: The majority of soybeans are transported via trucks. Trucks can take soybeans and soybean products from the fields to grain elevators, processing plants, biodiesel plants, and other manufacturing plants. They can also transport processed soybean products to the store. Trucks are the most flexible and quickest way to transport goods. They are also the most expensive way to transport goods. One ton of cargo on a truck can only be moved 6 miles on one gallon of fuel. A truck can hold 26 tons of cargo. Alice Soybeans Soybean Oil RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION: Trains can transport soybeans, soy oil, and soy biodiesel. Soy oil and biodiesel can be transported in a tanker car and soybeans in a hopper car. A hopper car can carry up to 224,5 lbs. of soybeans. A tanker car can hold 3, gallons of fuel or oil. Trains transport soybeans to river terminals or grain elevators to be delivered to buyers. A train can move one ton of soybeans 22 miles on one gallon. IL State Learning Standards English/Lang. Arts Middle/Jr.High 1A3b, 1B3a, 1B3c, 1C3a, 1C3d, 3A3, 3B3a, 3B3b, 3C3a, 5B3a 21 Illinois Soybean Association

The SOYBEAN JOURNEY There is a soybean cargo load that weighs 25 tons that needs to be moved from Princeton, IL to the river terminal in Rock Island, IL. At the terminal, the cargo will be sold and joined with a cargo of 9, tons. This larger cargo will need to be moved to a port in Louisiana to export to other countries. Using the transportation information sheet, explain the best methods of transportation to get this cargo from the beginning to the end destination. Explain your choices and give concrete reasoning as to why you chose them. There is a soybean cargo load that weighs 22 tons that needs to be moved from a farm in DeKalb, IL to a soy oil processing plant in Quincy, IL. After the soybeans have been processed into oil, the 19,5 gallons of oil need to be transported to a buyer in South Carolina. Using the transportation information sheet, explain the best methods of transportation to get this cargo from the beginning to the end destination. Explain your choices and give concrete reasoning as to why you chose them. IL State Learning Standards English/Lang. Arts Middle/Jr.High 1A3b, 1B3a, 1B3c, 1C3a, 1C3d, 3A3, 3B3a, 3B3b, 3C3a, 5B3a, 21 Illinois Soybean Association

Alice Export Alice Soybeans Around the WORLD The United States currently exports 55 percent of the yearly soybean crop, which amounts to 1.56 billion bushels of soybeans a year. The chart below shows the top countries to which the United States exports soybeans and soybean products. Use this chart to answer the questions below. TOP 1 U.S. EXPORT CUSTOMERS $ MILLION 29 SOYBEAN EXPORTS CHINA + $9,213 HONG KONG MEXICO $1,34 JAPAN $1,96 EUROPEAN $ UNION-2 TAIWAN $1 INDONESIA $61 EGYPT $461 TURKEY $342 KOREA $26 THAILAND $211 ALL OTHERS $1,41 TOTAL $16,454 SOYBEAN MEAL EXPORTS MEXICO $529 CANADA $434 PHILIPPINES $31 VENEZUELA $194 JAPAN $16 INDONESIA $165 DOMINICAN $14 REPUBLIC KOREA $116 GUATEMALA $94 VIETNAM $9 ALL OTHERS $1,251 TOTAL $3,53 SOYBEAN OIL EXPORTS MEXICO $163 MOROCCO $133 INDIA $12 ALGERIA $56 KOREA $56 PERU $53 CANADA $4 CHINA + $46 HONG KONG VIETNAM $41 VENEZUELA $39 ALL OTHERS $294 TOTAL $1,49 SOURCE: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CALENDAR YEAR What percentage of the total soybean exports did China/Hong Kong have? How much more soybean meal did the United States export to Indonesia than Korea? Mexico, Morocco and India were the top three exports of soybean oil. What was the percentage of the total soybean oil exports to the top three countries? How much money was made in total from exporting soybeans and soybean products? What is the percentage of soybeans, soybean meal and soybean oil of the total? IL Math Learning Standards: Middle/Junior High School 6.A.3, 6.B.3a, 6.C.3a, 6.D.3, A3a,.C.3, 1.A.3a, 1.C.3b Chart source: soystats.com 21 Illinois Soybean Association