Harm-Jan Idema Living Lab Smart Charging harmjan.idema@livinglabsmartcharing.nl
Living Lab Smart Charging 300+ cities and municipalities (public bodies) 50+ private (EV and charging) companies Dutch grid operators (DSOs) Knowledge and research insitutes European projects
Smart Charging research - highlights 75% smart charging potential at 30-50% of transactions EV-drivers want to have one app at all charging stations 10% extra CO2 reduction via Smart Charging
Empowering Smart Charging 100+ participants in Smart Charging hackathon and 4 unique smart charging solutions Monthly Smart Charging Trend Monitor Smart Charging project database
Smart Charging projects Worlds biggest: peak shaving at 2500 charging stations in 45 municipalities Peak shaving and load balancing at 150 households Smart Charging at companies (30,000+ EVs)
About Harm-Jan Idema Expert in Smart Charging Experience in over 100+ EV and charging infrastructure projects Europe, Asia, USA
Smart Charging outlook sneak preview Where are we going with Smart Charging? In depth analysis of 20 Smart Charging projects Involvement of 20 key experts Involvement of ~150 EV drivers
In depth project analysis Project Period Objective Involved parties Technology / Protocols Interaction EV-driver Technical challenges 1 V2G and Smart Solar Charging 2011 - ongoing Optimize the local electricity grid by using vehicle to grid (V2G) smart charging technologies LomboXnet, We Drive Solar, Jedlix, Last Mile Solutions, General Electric, Renault, Jaarbeurs Utrecht, Scholt Energy Control, Utrecht Sustainability Institute, New Solar, The People Group, Stedin, Universiteit Utrecht, Hogeschool Utrecht 100 150 USEF, OCPI Fiscal barriers and V2G capabilities of the electric cars 2 Balanced smart grid 01-2013 06-2016 Balance the supply of renewable energy and the demand of charging EVs GreenFlux Assets B.V., Enexis, ICT Automatisering, Sycada.Green, Alfen, Wageningen UR, Antea Group, Accenture, Renault 15 households, 5 companies 20 CSOP, OCPP, OSCP, OCPI Correlation between weather forecasts and local energy generation 3 4 Postponed charging and free choice of energy supplier Brabant High Tech Campus Smartest Grid 2013-2015 11-2013 11-2017 5 Jedlix Ongoing 6 FlexPower 7 InterFlex EU Horizon 2020 8 INVADE EU Horizon 2020 9 Smart Charging The Hague 12-2017 07-2018 2017 2019 Q1 2017 Q1 2020 03-2017 03-2018 Charge with own produced solar energy at a public charging station and reduce peak loads on the grid Innovation platform which intertwines energy and mobility via an open and lock-in free data platform Make smart charging attractive for EV-drivers and optimize renewable energy via wholesale markets Lower peak load in the grid Establish a scalable market model in which flexibility from storage and EVs is traded Accommodate as much renewable energy in the system as possible and explore possibilities of matching demand to generation Shift charging sessions to achieve price reductions via energy trading and reduce peak loads on the grid Province Noord-Brabant, Enexis, ElaadNL, municipalities Tilburg and Breda BOM, Enexis, High Tech Campus, Driessen Autolease, TU Eindhoven Jedlix., ElaadNL, EVnetNL, Eneco Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Nuon, City of Amsterdam, Alliander, ElaadNL 30 254 30 82 100 OSCP, VibeX ca. 450 Enedis, Enexis, ElaadNL, TNO min. 50 26 min. 50 Delivery of charging Project infrastructure and relevant software Showcase Brabant: Smart 10 OCPI V.4 (SC Charging OCPI Best does not support profiles) smart charging 11 SolarMiles USEF, EFI, OCPI 2.1.1, OCPP 1.6 12 Flexible charging at home GreenFlux, ElaadNL 25 households 1000 OCPP, OCMP V2X 13 CleanMobilEnergy Alfen, Ecotap, Delta, Enervalis, Social Charging, municipality of The Hague 104 FlexPower profile Impact of switching energy supplier on one grid connection Exchange charging Showcase requests Brabant: between bulk 1600 OCPI, OCPP 1.5+ 14 energy stakeholders consumer and grid connections charging infrastructure Period 04-2017 07-2019 04-2017 04-2019 Q3 2017 Q3 2019 09-2017 03-2021 04-2017 07-2019 Objective Synchronizing local renewable energy and grid load Stimulate the end user of shared cars to use as much available renewable energy to optimize the EV as buffer Grid optimization via households Link renewable energy with storage and an interoperable energy management system to charge electric cars Improving the profitability of solar energy by linking it to charging EVs Involved parties Enpuls, Enexis, Province of Noord-Brabant, Ecotap, municipality Best, Nuon-Heijmans Hanzehogeschool Groningen, Amelander Energie Coöperatie, Grunneger Power, Energy Expo, Enexis Enexis, Enpuls, Cohere, ElaadNL, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences Municipality Arnhem Enpuls, Enexis, Province Noord-Brabant, Ecotap, municipalityof Waalwijk, Nuon- Heijmans Technology / Protocols Interaction EV-driver > 8 4 OSCP 250 250 250 OSCP 4 (fast) min. 40 Interoperable energy management system 10 16 OSCP Technical challenges Aligning stakeholder interests and technical system interfaces Realizing the physical infrastructure and developing IT applications, Connection between HEMS and grid operator Energy management Aligning stakeholder interests and technical system interfaces 15 Cars Jeans Stadium The Hague 01-2018 01-2019 (Q4 2020) Maximize the potential of renewable energy on a local level in a closed circuit given the current connection capacity Scholt Energy Holding, Stedin, Alfen, municipality Den Haag 20 SOPRA- and CSGriPtechnology, USEF Converting renewable energy sources into an autonomous, stable, reliable and clean local electricity grid 16 Flexible charging in Gelderland and Overijssel 2018-2021 Make optimal use of the grid: shifting charging patterns from peak hours to off-peak hours Province Overijssel and Gelderland, Alliander, Enexis, ElaadNL 4.500 Applying flexible charging profile and overrule function 17 Smart Charging MRA-E 2.0 01-2018 06-2019 Enable demand side flexibility to charge cheaper and more sustainable ElaadNL, GreenFlux, Metropoolregio Amsterdam 1.000 OCPP 1.6 Enabling smart charging with the interface between the charging point back office and the energy trade market
Smart Charging is about Peak shaving Optimizing use of renewable energy Energy storage
More and bigger projects 16 9 > 1000 Number of projects 1 3 4 5 8 13 12 6 17 500-1000 200-500 14 10 15 50-200 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year 0-50 #participants
Network solutions Grid 4 12 Commerical available: e.g. local loadbalancing 9 6 16 1 17 Local 10 Network 15 14 13 3 8 5 11 Renewable energy
EV-driver involvement 5 9 Extent of user interaction 1 3 4 10 12 11 6 14 13 17 16 15 > 1000 500-1000 200-500 50-200 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year 0-50 #participants
Solutions are mostly stand alone Multi CPO/eMSP 5 Stand alone 6 4 9 16 13 15 10 14 11 3 17 1 12 Local Regional National International
EV-driver is Smart Charging ready Do you drive electric? Are you familiar with Smart Charging? Are you willing to charge smart in the future? 11.3% 15.3% 25% 7.3% 73.4% 75% 92.7% Yes, BEV Yes, PHEV No Yes No Yes No
User s preconditions for Smart Charging 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 I want one application for Smart Charging I want to charge faster I want to charge my own renewable energy I want to provide personal charging preferences 1 (= not important) 2 3 4 5 (= very important)
Added value Smart Charging according to experts 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Local load balancing Use of local energy Optimally use renewable energy Avoid local grid congestion Respond to energy price 1 2 3 4 5 I don't know
Smart Charging stages Normal charging Local Network User Interoperable Charging without control signals. Electric cars charge directly when plugged in to a charging point. The charging process optimizes the use of the local capacity of the grid connection, i.e. local load balancing Charging is optimized on a network-level, meaning that it takes into account more control signals (e.g. grid capacity and available renewable energy). The user is included in the charging process and provide charging preferences (energy mix, price, etc.) and choose Smart Charging services. A Smart Charging service can be used at all locations with the same conditions. It provides an integrated system that is accessible to everyone. No control Local load balancing Optimize networklevel Include user preferences Integration of systems