University of Groningen. Power to the pedals Plazier, Paul Arnaud

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University of Groningen Power to the pedals Plazier, Paul Arnaud IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2018 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Plazier, P. A. (2018). Power to the pedals: Perspectives on the potential of e-bike mobility for sustainable and active transport systems [Groningen]: University of Groningen Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 13-12-2018

perspectives on the potential of e-bikemobility for sustainable and active transport systems

The research presented in this book was conducted at the Faculty of Spatial Sciences of the University of Groningen, the Netherlands ISBN: 978-94-034-0747-0 ISBN (E-Publication): 978-94-034-0746-3 Cover design: Printed by: Jesse Schaap, grafisch ontwerper (www.jesseschaap.nl) ProefschriftMaken www.proefschriftmaken.nl P.A. Plazier, 2018. All rights reserved. Save exceptions stated by law, no part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, by print, photocopying, or otherwise, without the prior written permission from the author. p.a.plazier@gmail.com

Power to the pedals Perspectives on the potential of e-bike mobility for sustainable and active transport systems PhD thesis to obtain the degree of PhD at the University of Groningen on the authority of the Rector Magnificus Prof. E. Sterken and in accordance with the decision by the College of Deans This thesis will be defended in public on Thursday 5 July 2018 at 12.45 hours by Paul Arnaud Plazier born on 3 October 1991 in Groningen, the Netherlands

Supervisor Prof. A.E. van den Berg Co-supervisor Dr. S.G. Weitkamp Assessment Committee Prof. D. de Waard Prof. J.F. Jeekel Prof. K.J. Krizek

Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls, friends and enemies. Meet the future mode of transportation for this weary Western world! Now I m not gonna make a lot of extravagant claims for this little machine. Sure, it ll change your whole life for the better, but that s all. (bicycle salesman in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, 1969)

Table of contents Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Introduction Exploring the adoption of e-bikes by diverse user groups Cycling was never so easy! An analysis of e-bike commuters motives, travel behaviour and experiences using GPS tracking and interviews The potential for e-bike use among the younger population: a study of Dutch students E-bikes in rural areas - current and potential users in the Netherlands Discussion 1 11 23 43 63 83 References Nederlandse samenvatting Dankwoord Over de auteur / about the author 101 117 123 125

Publications Four chapters in this thesis are reprints of publications or manuscripts: Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Plazier, P.A., Weitkamp, G., Van den Berg, A.E. Exploring the adoption of e-bikes by diverse user groups. Under review at Frontiers in Built Environment Transportation and Transit Systems. Plazier, P.A., Weitkamp, G., Van den Berg, A.E., 2017. Cycling was never so easy! An analysis of e-bike commuters motives, travel behaviour and experiences using GPS-tracking and interviews. Journal of Transport Geography 65, 25 34. Plazier, P.A., Weitkamp, G., Van den Berg, A.E., 2017. The potential for e-biking among the younger population: a study of Dutch students. Travel Behaviour and Society 8, 37 45. Plazier, P.A., Weitkamp, G., Van den Berg, A.E., E-bikes in rural areas current and potential users in the Netherlands. Accepted with revisions at Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice.