PEMS EXPERTS WORKING GROUP - PDF Free Download

PEMS EXPERTS WORKING GROUP Update on data processing being conducted by JRC 31/10/2014 Dr Adolfo Perujo Dr Pablo Mendoza-Villafuerte www.jrc.ec.europa.eu

Discussion topics 1. Technical Report Structure 2. Data status 3. Data analysis: M2 & summary 4. Open issues a. Cold start b. 20% power threshold c. Discussion 5. Summary 6. Conclusions 2

Technical Report structure 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Expert working group: ToR 2. Scope 3. Summary of the ISC state of play (Boundary conditions, calculation methods-maw,.) 4. PEMS assessment objectives 5. Data sets 5.1 Vehicles and engines 5.2 Test routes 5.3 Assessment procedure 6. Assessment evaluation Vehicle behaviour for the different assessment objectives 7. Summary (for each objective included in the assessment) 8. Recommendations 9. Annexes (if any) Completed In good stage of completion 3

Data status Vehicle type PEMS Assessment # test # OEM # vehicles N1/N2 total = 29 WS = 15 CS = 14 5 8 N3 total =52 WS = 37 CS = 15 6 7 M2 total = 5 WS = 3 CS = 2 1 1 M3 total =22 WS = 12 CS = 10 3 4 WS = Tests with only warm start CS = Tests with cold start included 4

Data Analysis Disclaimer: This analysis has been performed with all the data received by the JRC from different vehicles and trips performed with N1/N2/N3/M2/M3 vehicles. Acknowledge: Data has been kindly shared by ACEA Members, TNO & AVL-MTC 5

Analysis of Data M2 6

Vehicle Characteristics M2 No. of tests: 5 No. of OEMs : 1 No. of vehicles: 1 Vehicle type Test no. WHTC Work ref [kwh] CO2 ref [kg] Payload Start condition Urban [%] Rural [%] MW [%] Test 1 100 W 52% 23% 26% Test 2 100 C 54% 22% 24% M2 Test 3 10 7.1 100 W 56% 20% 24% Test 4 100 C 53% 22% 25% Test 5 100 W 59% 20% 21% 7

M2 Analysis of the influence of different power thresholds Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid windows @ 20%PT 8

M2 Influence of the objective setting of 90% cumulative percentile on the determination of the conformity factor Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid windows @ 20%PT 10%PT (green) 9

M2 Trip composition Please note that some tests did not achieve 50% of valid windows @ 20%PT Urban: 0 50km/h / Rural: 50 75 km/h / MW: Above 75km/h 20% Maximum Power Threshold only on total NOx CF results. Speed binning analysis takes all MAW (90%ile). 10

M2 Highlighted issues for M2 vehicles: - Very similar to N2 issues - Power threshold is critical 20% PT does not take into account urban operation - Only one set of data analyzed. 11

Open issues 12

Trip requirements The average velocities from the WHVC are: Urban= 21.3 km/h Rural= 43.1 km/h MW= 76.2 km/h 13

N1/N2 Cold start & Power Threshold 14

N1/N2 15

N1/N2 16

N1/N2 17

Caption I ISC as present [20% PT & 90th ile] VII Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 100th ile] II No PT / 90th ile VIII Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] III 20% PT / 100th ile IX Total trip [CS + No PT & 100th ile] T>=20 C IV No PT / 100th ile X Method 6 V Total trip [CS + 20% PT & 90th ile] XI Method 6 T>=20 C VI Total trip [CS + No PT & 90th ile] 18

N3 Cold start & Power Threshold 20

N3 21

N3 22

N3 23

M2 Cold start & Power Threshold 26

M2 27

M2 28

M2 29

M3 Cold start & Power Threshold 32

M3 33

M3 34

M3 35

N3 Influence of the objective setting of 90% cumulative percentile 38

N3 39

N3 40

N3 41

N2 42

N2 Length (min) of the window with maximum CF 43

Summary Low load/power operation is not considered in the present ISC procedure/analysis because of the use of 20% power threshold (as described in 4.2.2, Appendix 1, ANNEX II, Reg. EU 582/2011) Presently Any cold start emissions may be removed from the emissions evaluation, in accordance with point 2.6 of Appendix 1, (ANNEX II, Reg. EU 582/2011). Ignoring cold start operations and implementing 20% power threshold results in excluding an important operational area with high instant vehicle emissions. 44

Conclusions No basis for changing the present prescriptions on Payload (50% to 60%), Metrics (g/kwh) and Window Length (=1 WHTC). Test duration shall be long enough to complete between 4 to 6 times the work performed during the WHTC or produce between 4 to 6 times the CO 2 reference mass in kg/cycle from the WHTC as applicable. The WHTC test procedure consists of a cold start test followed by hot start test The introduction of cold start in the ISC would seem consistent. It is implementation shall follow closely the methodology of Reg 49 (Annex 4B, 8.6.3) A robust assessment of urban emissions need to be addressed Trip should always start with urban operation 20% power threshold needs to be removed. 45

Thank you for your attention Joint Research Centre (JRC) IET - Institute for Energy and Transport Ispra Italy PEMS Team Adolfo Perujo (adolfo.perujo@ec.europa.eu) Pablo Mendoza (pablo.mendoza-villafuerte@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Pierre Bonnel (pierre.bonnel@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Massimo Carriero (massimo.carriero@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Fausto Forni (fausto.forni@jrc.ec.europa.eu) Marcos Garcia-Otura (marcos.garcia-otura@jrc.ec.europa.eu) François Montigny (francois.montighy@jrc.ec.europa.eu) http://iet.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://ec.europa.eu/jrc 46