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P R E S E N T A T I O N O F INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF MOTOR VEHICLE MANUFACTURERS Informal document No. GRB-52-04 (52 nd GRB, 06-08 September, agenda item 3.a) 1

Noise Emission of Moving Vehicles in Urban Areas Proposal for Change of the Wording in 2.2.2 for the Tyres to be Used for the Test ECE R51.02 Method B 52 nd GRB Geneva, 06-08 September 2010 Horst-Peter Fingerhut Manfred Klopotek von Glowczewski 2

Conclusion ( Informal document No. GRB-51-20) The new noise test method for HCV according to ISO 362-1:2007 is designed under the circumstance that tyre road noise can be neglected Because: The tyre road noise contribution for HCV during driving in urban areas is of no importance according to all studies made The new noise test procedure for HCV according to ISO 362-1:2007 is rather sensitive to the choice of the tyres The new noise test method for HCV according to ISO 362-1:2007 addresses the most important noise sources during driving in urban areas by the WOT test 3

Original Version ECE R51.02 Method B 2.2.2. The tyres to be used for the test shall be representative for the axle and shall be selected by the vehicle manufacturer and recorded in Annex 9. They shall correspond to one of the tyre sizes designated for the vehicle as original equipment. The tyre is or will be commercially available on the market at the same time as the vehicle 2/. The tyres shall be inflated to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the test mass of the vehicle. The tyres shall have a tread depth of at least 80 per cent of the full tread depth. 2/ The tyre contribution for overall sound emission being important, this Regulation has taken into account the tyre/road sound emission regulations. Snow tyres and special tyres according to UNECE Regulation No. 117 shall be excluded during type-approval- and COP-measurements on request of the manufacturer. 4

Proposal for a Change 2.2.2. The tyres to be used for the test shall be representative for the vehicle and shall be selected by the vehicle manufacturer and recorded in Annex 9. They shall correspond to one of the tyre sizes designated for the vehicle as original equipment. The tyre is or will be commercially available on the market at the same time as the vehicle 2/. The tyres shall be inflated to the pressure recommended by the vehicle manufacturer for the test mass of the vehicle. The tyres shall have a tread depth of at least 80 per cent of the full tread depth. 2/ The tyre contribution for overall sound emission being important, this Regulation has taken into account the tyre/road sound emission regulations. Traction tyres, snow tyres and special use tyres according to UNECE Regulation No. 117 as amended by the 02 series of amendments (2010) shall be excluded during type-approval- and COP-measurements on request of the manufacturer. 5

Noise Emission in Real Traffic (residential areas) EU-Projekt WG8 Traffic Noise Calculation Study (TRL & RWTÜV 2004) 6 % 100% percentage of vehicles/noise emission energy 90% To be simulated by 80% Method B 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% residential 30 km/h 48 % motorcycles scooters trailer trucks rigid trucks light duty vehicles cars 7:00 to 19:00 0% Propulsion noise Rolling noise fleet share propulsion noise rolling noise total noise 6

Noise Emission in Real UrbanTraffic (0 km/h to 60 km/h) Propulsion noise To be simulated by Method B Tyre/Road Noise T/R Noise is dominating: > 60km/h for commercial vehicles Source: M+P GRB34-Inf09 7

Change of Engine output (power, torque) for typical long haulage trucks (1980 2010) 3500 Nm 3200 3000 Nm Anstieg der maximalen Drehmomente für typische Fernverkehrsfahrzeuge Scania 10 Volvo 09 Maximales Motor-Drehmoment [Nm] 2500 2000 1800 Nm 1500 1000 500 Referenz bei dem Beginn der MV-Entwicklung 2010 0 1995 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 Jahr 2009 6 Zylinder 8/10 Zylinder Source: MAN 8

Influence of torque at 20 m ( Informal document No. GRB-51-20) Tyre Noise Level, - db(a) Schalldruckpegel [db (A)] 18 80 16 78 14 76 12 74 10 72 8 70 68 6 66 4 64 2 62 0 60-2 ROLLING 0 (a in m/s²) ACCELERATING 0,7 1,1 1,3 1,4 Tyre Noise (w/o Propulsion Noise) V 20 m = 36 km/h for all measured points a urban Slick Tyre Traction Tyres 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 18000 Drehmoment Torque at the an der drive Antriebsachse axle (Nm) [Nm] 800 % Normal Rib-Tyres 0 400 200 0,65 db/1000 Nm (Traction Tyres) 0,12 db/1000 Nm (Normal Rib Tyres) 100 Increase of rolling noise under torque Trend torque 9

Comparison: Traction Tyres vs Normal Tyres Analysis: 90% to 95% range of frequency distribution Traction Tyres Normal Tyres Source: ACEA, Data delivered to EC monitoring data base during monitoring period 2007-2010 10

Noise Emission of HCV in Urban Areas Most important noise sources simulated by Method B Gearbox Intake Propeller shaft Engine Differential Hub Reduction Powertrain Exhaust Tyre/ Road 11

REFERENCES Investigations on Improving the Method of Noise Measurement for Powered Vehicles (Report Number 10506067 by order of the Germany Federal Environmental Agency, August 1999, Steven, H.) EU-Project WG8 Traffic Noise Calculation Study (TRL & RWTÜV 2004) Investigation on Noise Emission of Vehicles in Road Traffic (TÜV Nord 2005) Informal document No. GRB-51-20 (OICA 2010) 13