Scientific Support for The Transition To A Low Carbon Economy - Drivers for Low Carbon Economy Energinet.dk Presentation March 6 th 2012 Kim Behnke, Energinet.dk kbe@energinet.dk
The energy system shift of paradigm Coherent energy systems Electricity the primary energy carrier for the future Flexible demand must follow flexible production Electricity the primary energy carrier for the future Wind and biomass an primary energy ressource Flexible demand must follow flexible production Share of electricity today Share of electricity in the future Transport Heat Cooling Production Services Lightening Transport Heat Cooling Production Services Lightening Grid for electricity, heat and gas Grid for electricity, heat and gas Energy conversion Energy conversion Coal & Oil N-gas Wind Biomass B-gas Solar Coal & Oil N-gas B-gas Biomass Wind Solar Energy fuel of today Present Future Energy fuel of the future Denmark; 2011 25 % wind power in the electricity supply 2020 50 % wind power - equals 18 TWh wind power a year for Denmark alone But 50 % wind power is just a step stone The Danish goal is non-carbon energy supply 2035 100 % RE in the electricity supply calls for storage of electricity as gas (P2G) 2050 100 % RES in the energy supply calls for substantial electrification
Strategy and policy 50 % wind power by 2020 Updated political energy agenda: 50 % Wind power by 2020 and 40 % lower CO 2 emission No more coal powered plants by 2030 100 % RE for electricity and heating by 2035 100 % RE for all energy consumption by 2050 (incl. transportation) Smart Grid Strategy for roll out during 2012 Major challenges for the TSO Energinet.dk 50 % Wind power what about the rest? Change from fossil fuels to biomass at the power plant and CHP units Integration in Market, Grid and Dynamic control Balancing the power flow and ancillary services Need for new flexible electricity consumption Reduction of CO 2 emission Transportation and Heating/Cooling Demand Side Management and Demand Response
2020 New massive electricity consumption Wind to Heat conversion 350,000 private Oil Boilers must be converted to Heat Pumps with Smart Grid applications Large Heat Pumps (larger than 100 MW each ) must be integrated in the major district heat transmission systems Electric Boilers in the district heat systems 300 MW already installed Wind to Wheels transportation Plug in Hybrid cars Electric vehicle The infrastructure; Power supply, communication and Smart Grid applications is going to be launched in the next 2-3 years Storage of electricity Large Batteries, Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES), Fly Wheels and other R&D relevant technologies for Demo projects Power to Gas (P2G) conversion is the primary focus area for large scale storage. Ongoing R&D projects aiming for large Demo facilities
Energinet.dk vision for the future: 2020 2030 Production Means and solutions 100 % RES + + + Gas storage Strong interconnectors and market coupling to Europe Coherent energy systems, cooperation between gas, electricity, heat and transport Intelligent energy using smart grid, gas fired CHP units and flexible demand Conversion of electricity to gas (P2G) for quantitative storage for later use in CHP units to new electricity production
The Smart Grid shift of paradigm The power system need extra intelligence 15 years Within the next 15 years the power system will change as drastic as the telecommunication Smart Grid will provide some of the tolls
Smart Grid is the future Smart Grid puzzle to the future RES electricity system
Danish Smart Grid position Smart Grid reporting in Denmark; Smart Grid Denmark 2010 Positive 6 Billion DKK socioeconomically revenue of Smart Grid deployment Total mapping of all Danish Smart Grid demonstration activities 108 active projects Smart Grid Network recommendations 2011 35 concrete tasks for Denmark Smart Grid Hub Denmark 2011 62 Smart Grid Ready industries
Smart Grid what is missing in Denmark? Market Markeder Operation Drift og and overvågning SCADA Serviceudbyder provider? Grid El-net Communication Kommunikation Production Produktion Smart Grid Costumer Kunde Transmission Distribution
Danish Smart Grid in a European perspective Market Integration of DER with Smart Grid appliances Market VPP solutions in progress Need for new Service Providers Evolution of the market design Power System Integration Technical Concept 2025 in progress; Distributed architecture and agent based hierarchy Growth in DER PV and small wind turbines International standards ICT solutions based on the IEC 61850 family Focus on Cyber Security and Privacy is the next target Smart Grid in Europe 22 % of European Smart Grid RD&D are performed in Denmark Growth in European participation and disseminations
Smart Grid Denmark has a unique position Cell Controller, 2004-2011 [Tariff funded] Automatic control of a complete sub grid Smart Grid World Class R&D EcoGrid EU project, 2011-2015 [FP7 ENERGY co-funding] 15 pan-european partners Full scale Smart Grid prototype on the island of Bornholm TWENTIES, 2010-2014 [FP7 ENERGY co-funding] 26 pan-european partners Transmission system operation with high penetration of wind power and RES in Smart Grid network with development of novel innovative tools and integrated energy solutions EDISON, 2009-2012 [ForskEL (PSO) funded] Development of EV infrastructure Electric vehicles in a Distributed and Integrated market using Sustainable energy and Open Networks A total of more than 100 ongoing Smart Grid related projects in DK
Cell Controller world class R&D Pilot Cell: Holsted 60 kv Net Cell Controller Households Industry Wind turbines Households Local CHP units Installed CHP: 37 MW Installed Wind power: 39 MW Peak load: 61 MW 150/60 kv Trans: 100 MVA 12
Wind turbines, CHP units and a little extra - 5 CHP units, 47 wind turbines plus a Synchronous Condenser and a Secondary Load Controller
Cell Controller learning; 2004-2011 Distributed intelligent control at each DER Technical VPP performance must respect the market Active response and balancing of all actions within 1 sec. A Technical VPP solution is how ready for deployment Agent Level 4 DNO SCADA Agent Agent Agent Level 3 (150/60 kv Substation) Agent Level 2 (60/10 kv Substations) Agent Agent Agent Agent Level 1 (Assets) Agent Agent Agent Agent Agent Agent Level 0 (Units) Virtual Power Plant Complete report ready for download
EDISON Large scale EV project in Denmark Electric Vehicle Power Exchange Power Dealer Balance Responsible Electric vehicles in a Distributed and Integrated market using Sustainable energy and Open Networks
Smart Grids aspect: Capacity for EV charging Case study in 0.4 kv cable with 48 private houses in NRGi-Net, Horsens Max. Capacity in cable EV are typical not home in day hours 3 EV s charging at the same time with 16 A 3-Phase in the Peak Hour at dinner time 18:00!! 65 EV s might charge their daily consumption if distributed between 16:00 and 7:00 High value of Smart Grids for balancing the grid!
EDISON and Cell Controller to Bornholm
DENMARK Energinet.dk (Initiator) Østkraft Center for Electric Technology, DTU Siemens IBM Landis+Gyr EcoGrid EU partners NORWAY SINTEF ER (Coordinator) BELGIUM ELIA EANDIS (+ORES) Bornholm ESTONIA Tallinn University of Technology (TUT) GERMANY EnCT Siemens AG* THE NETHERLANDS ECN TNO Bornholm European Smart Grid lab SPAIN Tecnalia AUSTRIA Austrian Institute of Technology (AIT) Real people real grid real solutions! PORTUGAL EDPD SWITZERLAND IBM Zrl* Siemens, CH*
EcoGrid EU not just another Smart Grid project EcoGrid EU cutting edge RD&D project on Bornholm Large scale demonstration in real grid with 2,000 real consumers Scalability for Europe and many different grid platforms Testing new market design 5 min. market Ensuring costumer participation Ensuring balancing of power flow closer to and within the hour of operation Primary focus on the distribution grid and Distributed Energy Resources TSO interest is local balance with much higher penetration of RES Alternative is to adopt imbalances in the transmission grid Economical benefit for everybody Socioeconomically benefit when RES are being utilized at a optimum Using and rewarding consumers behavior for balancing the grid Avoiding grid investments
Next step what to do tomorrow Smart Grid from dreams to deployment Massive RES production in the local distributed is a reality Standards and Network Codes for all generation units Investments in Smart Communication to all relevant units Technical and Market solutions in coherent cooperation Price signals to end consumers Helps Congestion Management Dynamic Grid Tariffs Helps avoiding Congestion Smart Consumer participation Simple communication of prices; Ex. Red-Yellow-Green Prosumer scheme Enhance small RE production avoids congestion What's in it for me? - Energy savings by automations Flexible consumption without loosing comfort Electric Vehicles and Heat Pumps Grid operator (DSO-TSO) Intelligent utilization og Smart Grid appliances avoids grid investments
The Smart Grid shift of paradigm Evolution no need for Revolution The Telecommunication industry had many steps from the classic telephone to the latest Smart Phone technology The Smart Grid Evolution of the Power System should also have a number of steps for the upcoming 15 years.
Thank you for attention