Experience on Realizing Smart Grids Bazmi Husain 2010-10-12 IEEE PES conference, Gothenburg IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 1
On the way to the smarter grid A quietly astounding evolution Power Smart grids Automation Distributed management systems WAMS Energy management systems Substation automation SCADA Control and protection HVDC 2000 GPS 1990 Internet 1980 Cellular network 1970 First microprocessor 1960 Transistors 1950 First computers / Vacuum tubes Distributed control systems Electric propulsion Drives Robots Analyzers PLCs 1940 1930 Information and communication (ICT) technologies IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 2
The visionary smart grid Summing up the major requirements Capacity Reliability Efficiency Sustainability Upgrade/install capacity economically Provide additional infrastructure (e-cars) Stabilize the system and avoid outages Provide high quality power at any time Improve efficiency of power generation Reduce losses in transport and consumption Connect renewable energy to the grid Manage intermittent generation mainly driven by climate change mitigation IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 3
Proven technology is available to meet most of the requirements Capacity Reliability Efficiency Sustainability Wide area monitoring and control systems for very large scale stability (WAMS) Supervisory control and data acquisition systems for large networks (SCADA) and substation automation for fault detection and system restoring Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) for improved power transfer and stability HVDC systems to connect different grids, provide stability and low loss transport of power from challenging locations Process control and drive systems for efficient use of electricity IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 4
First steps towards sustainable and economic grids World s first ultrahigh-voltage power superhighway Switzerland for comparison July 2010: UHVDC link starts commercial operation Up to 7,200 MW at 800 kv DC delivered over 2000 km 28 high and ultrahigh-voltage converter transformers Lower cost for infrastructure (fewer and smaller pylons, fewer lines) compensate higher investment in converter stations Line losses are below 7 percent, considerably less that with a 500 kv system 99.5 % availability Extensive two year testing of new 800 kv DC technology Completion in 30 months, one year ahead of schedule The world s longest power transmission link (2500 km) with HVDC to connect hydropower plants to Sao Paolo in Brazil is planned for 2012 IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 5
Connecting remote renewables to the grid Preparing for huge off shore wind parks Wind power generation is projected as 25 % of the renewable energies in 2050 1 Wind parks with 500 turbines and total installed capacity of more than 2 GW are planned 2 High wind power penetrations require quickly dispatchable generation, demand-side response, interconnections and/or storage Efficient and economic transport of energy to shore is needed 1 IEA Energy technology perspectives 2010, Blue Map scenario 2 Blekinge, Sweden planned for 2019 IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 6
Connecting the world s most remote offshore wind farm to the grid with HVDC technology 400 MW transmission capacity Extruded polymer insulated cable Conductors 1200 mm 2 copper Steel armoring 98 mm diameter 29 kg/m 33 kv to 155 kv AC to DC converter Footprint 52x35 m Height 21 m Weight 3200 t 150 kv DC 380 kv AC 120 km of cable 1 km 120 km sub sea 75 km on land HVDC is a major building block for the future smart grid Energy efficient connections of renewable energy are possible Stabilizing future super grids will be provided by DC links IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 7
Development and demonstration of a large scale smart grid in Stockholm Royal Seaport 7 1 2 Smart homes/buildings and demand response Reduced peak load and increased energy efficiency by demand side participation and home/building automation Distributed energy systems 6 3 Integration of production for local generation PV and Wind in Home/Building Automation Solution Integration and use of electric vehicles 6 6 2 4 Integration of PHEV Charging Infrastructure Energy storage for network support and DES Increased stability and power quality 4 3 5 6 Harbor control solution Reduced CO 2 emission based High voltage shore connection Smart primary substations 4 1 2 7 Increased efficiency and reliability with higher automation level Smart grid lab Research, development, simulation and implementation of smart grid application 5 One of several pilot projects addressing smart grids IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 8
The way forward Hard work but achievable with present technology Real time demand response Distribution automation Deeper integration of producers and consumers and virtual plants Challenges of e-mobility Managing complex administrative procedures Challenges waiting for solutions Efficient energy storage High precision in mid term weather forecast Changing consumer behavior IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 9
IEEE PES Conference, Gothenburg, 2010-10-12. Slide 10