Road Assessments Crash Reconstruction Crash Report and assessment Road Safety Reviews Road Safety Assessment Case Studies/Evaluation
Crash Reconstruction Illinois State Police
Illinois Crash Report
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Drivers Condition 12 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Drivers Condition 12 Fields Weather Condition 9 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Drivers Condition 12 kinds Weather Condition 9 kinds Crash and Vehicle Maneuvers 15 types crashes and 26 maneuverers
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Drivers Condition 12 kinds Weather Condition 9 kinds Crash and Vehicle Maneuvers 15 crash and 26 manv. Events by Severity and Location Noncollision 10 events Collision not F.O. 11 events Collision F.O. 25 events
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 kinds Lighting Condn. 6 conditions
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 Fields Lighting Condn. 6 Fields Alignment 6 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 kinds Lighting Condn. 6 conditions Alignment 6 kinds Road Surf. Cond. 7 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 kinds Lighting Condn. 6 conditons Injury Classif. K,A,B,C,0 Alignment 6 kinds Road Surf. Cond. 7 kinds
Assessment Begins with the Police on Site Traffic Control Device 15 Fields Safety Equip. Used 9 Fields Lighting Condn. 6 Fields Injury Classif. K,A,B,C,0 Alignment 6 Fields Road Surf. Cond. 7 Fields
Diagram and Narrative Answers of what the drivers saw and how they behaved may be found in the narrative. (human factors)
Crash Data Assessment From police reports to GIS attribute table to excel spreadsheets
Crash Data Assessment 5 Years of Crashes organized and filtered to show the pattern and answer the what, where, when, how, and possibly why.
Assessment Studies Road Safety Review: Informal Process w in-house Team reacting to severity of crashes. The RSR is a data-driven process of identifying, measuring and assessing crash risk and proposing and deciding upon specific countermeasures to mitigate the contributing factors degrading the safety performance.. Within the activity is identifying and addressing potential safety concerns. Road Safety Assessments: Formal Independent Process w a trained team in safety analysis developing a more proactive report for the client. The RSA is a data-driven process of identifying, measuring and assessing crash risk and proposing and deciding upon specific countermeasures to mitigate the contributing factors degrading the safety performance.. Within the activity is identifying and addressing potential safety concerns.
Where, When, What, How and Why Site Visit(s) Visit the site at key times/conditions Day/Night Peak traffic Special events Physically view location drive and walk Gather photos Make observations of safety issues Take measurements Reference site crash information Review adjacent sections and neighborhood Comprehensive review of the interaction between the roadway and all users
Risk Analysis and Countermeasure Identification Review information Assess risk, prioritize, and mitigate safety issues Does the proposed countermeasure address the observed human factors contributing to the crashes?
Road Environment Factors (34%) 3% 27% 57% Human Factors (93%) 1% 3% 2% 6% Vehicle Factors (12%) TYPICAL REPORTED CRASH CAUSES 20
Human Factors What an RAF pilot can teach us about being safe on the road. Sorry Mate, I didn t see you Peripheral Vision is 1/10 your visual acuity 20 degrees from your sightline Scan a scene with head and eyes we see by series of very quick jumps (saccades). Like a movie reel. Our brain fills the gaps with a combination of peripheral vision and assumption the gaps are the same in our fixation jumps The quicker and greater the head turn scan the more gaps are created. We avoid edges therefore the car pillars create even wider blindspots http://www.londoncyclist.c o.uk/raf-pilot-teach-cyclists/
Road Assessments Case Studies Road Diets Intersections Seeing is Believing
Road Diet RSA
Flashing Beacon Added for Safety
Red light running angle crashes and left turn crashes.
Angle and Left Turning 2/3 of injury crashes
Fixed Object and Rear End 1/3 of the remaining segment crashes
Road Diet Example
Intersections Right countermeasure for the right human factor.
IL 100 and US 136 Before (5%) 3950 AADT entering ; 18% trucks
IL 100 and US 136 After : flatter superelevation and paved and rumbled shoulders
IL 100 and US 136 After Easier turning movements
Angle Crashes continued Westbound. Afternoon and evening.
IL 100 and US 136 After Case where flashing beacon was the right countermeasure.
Intersections Modify the most difficult to see movements.
Case Study Median Channelization US 34 and Harlem Ave, Monmouth IL Monmouth: Population 9,840 US 34: 50 mph ADT 7500 34 ft median Radius 2910 ft. 5% super elev. Harlem Ave 30 mph ADT 1450 200 th Ave 45 mph ADT 550 Crash History 2000 to 2003 (4 years) 21 crashes involving 23 injuries 11 A injury, 11 B injury, 1 C 95% Angle Crashes 5% Turning Crashes
Intersection Design Study US 34 and Harlem Ave/ 200 th Street
US 34 Facing SB in left turn lane
US 34 and Harlem Ave Safety Improvements after Crash History 2004 year of Construction 4 crashes, 1B injury 2005 to 2015 (10 years) 3 crashes, 1 B injury U-Turn Opening 0 crashes
Intersections Seeing is believing Visual Cues to Safely Cross.
Approach to an expressway Intersection.
Giving the Driver visual cues it s safe to yield.
Yield Markings and Skip Dash Defining safe area to yield.
Intersection s Highway Design is not How I see the design on paper, but how the Driver Sees and understands the Roadway.
IL 40 and River Road 5 lane signalized intersection Annualized target crashes 18.8 INJURY CRASHES 3.5 proposed low cost pavement marking project 2016
IL 40 and River Rd. Right turn lane WB-65 Design Large right turning radius allows for higher turning speeds Large right turn radius length can store multiple vehicles past the stop bar attempting to turn Head turn sight line to see is near or behind the door column Drivers commit looking in one direction assume vehicle ahead has departed. Heavy Right Turn Volume with Heavy Mainline crossing volume
Drivers view turning right Visibility is behind the door column
Modified design Sharpen the typically flat approach angle Reduce the radius Adjust stop bar position (further upstream) Alter the corner island to improve the line of sight of approaching through traffic Expected Advantages: Slower driving speeds Safer for other vehicles and pedestrians Smaller degree of head rotation by drivers Easier to see oncoming traffic and make safe merging decisions
THANK YOU QUESTIONS? Trooper Ted Pappas Traffic Crash Reconstruction Unit Region 1 Resource Officer Sean Coyle Safety Technologist CH2M