Status of Microgrids in Japan The 4 Korea Smart Grid Week Oct.17,2o13 Reiichiro Fujimori 1
Contents 1. Hachinohe Project : The first stage of microgrid in Japan 2. Renewable Energy and Microgrids Demonstration project in Miyako Island 3. Great Earthquake and Microgrid for reliability Needs for the islanding operation under the emergency condition Islanding system of Tokyo metropolitan area 4. From microgrid to Smart Community Yokohama Smart City Project (YSCP) F-Grid Project (Tohoku) Remote Island Smart Community Commercialization of Microgrid: Roppongi Energy Service Relaxation of Regulations for Microgrids 5. Challenges for the future 2
Hachinohe: The first stage of Microgrids in Japan (2003-2007) Private Line 3
Facilities in Hachinohe Project Demand: Seven building facilities, sewage plant Electricity: maximum 610kW at Hachinohe City hall, four schools and office building. Heat: 10GCal/day at Sewage plant Energy supply: Electricity: 510kW(170x3) biogas engines, 130kW PVs, 20kW WTs,100kW lead-acid battery Heat: 1.0t/h wood boiler and 4t/h gas boiler Energy management 5.4km Private line (electricity & communication) Interconnected with utility grid at a single point. Control error target: Within 3% every 6 minutes moving average 4
Time Schedule of Hachinohe Project 5
Results of Hachinohe Project Sudden change in demand in islanding operation 6
Miyako Island Project for Large Scale Renewable Integration Peak Demand About 50MW Photo Voltaic 4MW Diesel Engine 74MW NAS Battery 4MW Wind 4.2MW (Existing) LIB 100kW 7
Frequency Control with Battery Storage and Fossil Plants in Miyako Microgrid Wind Miyako P/S (Diesel) Miyako #2 (Diesel) Miyako GT P/S Wind CCU Installed Apparatus for the Project S/S Layer3 Layer 2 Layer 1 Customer s (Block A) Customer s (Block B) Customer s (Block C) Customer s (Block D) 8
NAS 電池 Active, 太陽光発電 Power Output, 風力発電 [kw] kw Frequency 周波数 [Hz] Result of Frequency Control 3000 2000 1000 NAS Battery 電池太陽光発電 PV 風力発電 Wind 周波数 Frequency NAS Stabilized 電池制御により周波数安定化 with Battery Control 60.2 60 59.8 59.6 59.4 59.2 0 Without NAS Battery 電池制御 Control OFF With NAS 電池制御 Battery ON Control 10:00-1000 10:05 10:10 10:15 59 58.8 58.6 9
Microgrid for High Reliability (Tokyo Metropolitan Area) 1515MW 4 5 6 5 6 7 8 7 3 4 78MW 9 2 3 10 1 2 11 1 410MW 1000MW 2 350MW 1 350MW 2 10
Microgrid for High Reliability (Tokyo Metropolitan Area) Outage area The Most Important Area 1000MW 2 350MW 1 350MW 2 Intentional Islanding Operation 11
Microgrid for High Reliability (Tokyo Metropolitan Area) 1000MW 2 350MW 1 350MW 2 12
Emergency Islanding Operation Hz 50.5 50.4 50.3 50.2 50.1 50.0 49.9 51.2Hz Main System Islands 49.8 49.7 Intentional Islanding Operation 13 minutes 49.6 47.63Hz 49.5 13:40 13:42 13:44 13:46 13:48 13:50 13:52 13:54 13:56 Time 13
Sendai Microgrid: Reliability and Microgrid 14
Great East Japan Earthquake and Sendai Microgrid Sendai Microgrid Project by NEDO During Grid Outage After the Earthquake 15
From Microgrid to Smart Community 16
Yokohama Smart City Project (YSCP) Apartment building HEMS Utility-side Batteries TOSHIBA, HITACHI,MEIDENSHA/NEC) Battery SCADA TOSHIBA House HEMS House HEMS Customer-side Batteries HEMS (SHARP, SONY Energy Devise) Battery SCADA R&D of Practical and Integrated Energy Storage Systems for Smart Community Integration BEMS Condominium HEMS Information network Charge Station CEMS Community Energy Management System GDC Shopping center BEMS Smart BEMS EV Charge and Discharge EV Office building BEMS BEMS Smart BEMS 17
Demand Response in YSCP < DR for Residential Customers in YSCP> DR Signal Server kw Measured Data HEMS In-Home Displays Peak Time Time Smart Meter CPP(Critical Peak Pricing) PTR(Peak Time Rebate) Yen/kWh kw Customers are Provided a Rebate for Reductions in Consumption. Peak Time Time Peak Time Time 18
Battery Energy Storage in YSCP Functions of Battery SCADA Load Frequency Control Daily Demand & Supply Balance Spinning Reserve Demonstration Center Hydro Power Central Loading Dispatch Center Thermal Power Transmission System Virtual Large Battery ICD System Battery SCADA ICD System Substation Connecting to Batteries of SHARP & SONY Customer-side Batteries Utility-side Batteries Power System Information Network Distribution System 19 SCADA: Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition, ICD: Information Collection & Distribution
YSCP Demonstration Center Battery SCADA Lithium ion Batteries of HITACHI, MEIDENSHA/NEC, TOSHIBA from the right Control room Battery Containers HITACHI MEIDENSHA /NEC TOSHIBA 250kW/51kWh or 100kW/100kWh 250kW/ 250kWh 300kW/ 100kWh 20
F-Grid Project in Tohoku Area 21
Islanding Operation in F-Grid During Utility Grid Outage 22
Remote Island Smart Community Demand Side Active Enrollmen t of EMS DR EV 活用等 付加価値向上 Peak Shave DR and Renewable Control Utility Side Diesel Photovoltaic (Mega-solar+Rooftop) Small Wind Diesel Reduction of Fossil Fuel 23
Remote Island Smart Community Reduction of Diesel Engine Minimization of Storage 蓄電池 Mega Solar Renewable Control EV Charging Control EV/PHV PV Energy Management Power Station DR signal Control and Monitoring PCS Smart Meter PCS Small Wind HEMS/ Smart Interface Island EMS (DR PCS Control) Utility Office Optimizing Control of DR and Equipment Heat Pump Distribution Grid Demand Side Management EMS EMS HVAC Lighting Equipment EMS Heat Pump Hot Water Server Hotels DR of Local Industry Fishing Port Infrastructure Cold Storage Warehouse 24
Commercialized Microgrid: Roppongi Energy Service Company 25
Relaxation of Regulation of the Microgrid Special Utility By the relaxation of the regulation, the special utility is allowed to import power from out of the microgrid. Utility T&D grid Point of Interconnection Import from outside of the microgrid Generation 20~50 Generation 100~50 (Demand) Special Utility Responsible for balancing and voltage regulation in the microgrid 26
Challenges for the future Japanese Microgrids that began with Hachinohe Project have achieved remarkable development in varied way. In Miyako island microgrid, large scale integration of renewable energy with fossil plants and storage has been mocked up succesfully. Microgrids for high reliability during utility grid outage have been tested. Some microgrids have been already commercialized. Recently, the concept has been extended to Smart Community. New needs exceeding renewable integration, energy efficiency and reliability 27
Thank you for Listening 28