2017-18 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER VPMP POLYTECHNIC GANDHNAGAR
CERTIFICATE V.P.M.P. Polytechnic, Sector-15 Gandhinagar Date: This is to certify that dissertation entailed Solar Grass Cutter has been carried out by :- Kevin Vaishnav (156540319124) Harshit Vyas (156540319125) Dhruvil Patel (156540319555) Kashyap Nayee - (156540319055) Mitesh Patel (156540319081) under my guidance in fulfillment of the degree of Diploma Engineering in Mechanical Engineering(6 th Semester) of Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad during the academic year 2017-18 Guide: - Head of Department:- 2 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have taken efforts in these projects. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. I thank our gods for providing me with everything that I required in completing this project. I have highly in Charge Mr. Sugnesh Patel for his guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also thanks for our principal sir Professor Anand J. Patel for his support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards our parents for their kind cooperation and encouragement which helped me in the completion of this project. I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving me such attention and time. My thanks and appreciations also go to my classmates in developing the project and to people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities. 3 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
ABSTRACT The Solar Grass Cutter is a mechanical device used for cutting grass with the help of solar energy instead of electricity. First of all its body is made with the help of hollow square bar, then caster wheel is placed below the body of square bar. Then incline fiber plate is kept on a body, then on incline fiber plate solar panel is kept. Which transmit solar energy & then solar energy is converted into electrical energy & electrical energy is converted in to mechanical energy. This electrical energy is transmitted to electric motor. On the shaft of the electric motor a blade is connected having cutting edge which cut s the grass. 4 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
Table of Content CHAPTER-1_ INTRODUCTION... 7 1.1 Introduction..7 1.2 Aim of project... 8 CHAPTER-2_SELECTION OF PROJECT.9 2.1 Hover board.9 2.2 Solar water sprinkler....10 2.3 Three tyre way trolley...10 2.4 Solar Grass Cutter...11 2.5 Market survey..11 CHAPTER-3_BASIC THEORETICAL CONCEPT..12 3.1 Theory.12 CHAPTER-4_PART LIST 14 4.1 Solar Panel...15 4.2 Battery.....16 4.3 Motor... 16 4.4 Blade...17 4.5 PVC Pipe..17 4.6 Coupling & Reducer...18 5 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.7 Caster Wheel...18 4.8 Fiber Sheet 19 4.9 Switch 19 4.10 Wire...20 4.11 Normal Wheel..20 4.12 Circuit..21 4.13 Remote 21 4.14 Small Battery..22 4.15 Transistor 22 CHAPTER-5_FINAL COSTING..23 CHAPTER-6_ADVANTAGES....24 CHAPTER-7_APPLICATIONS.....25 CHAPTER-8_CONCLUSION..26 6 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
List of figure SR. NO. FIGURES PAGE NO. 1. A Person With Solar Grass Cutter 8 2. Hover Board 9 3. Solar Water Sprinkler 10 4. Three Tyre Way Trolley 10 5. Solar Grass Cutter 11 6. Solar Panel 15 7. Battery 16 8. Motor 16 9. Blade 17 10. PVC Pipe 17 11. Coupling & Reducer 18 12. Caster Wheel 18 13. Fibre Sheet 19 14. Switch 19 15. Wire 20 16. Normal Wheel 20 17. Circuit 21 18. Remote 21 19. Small Battery 22 20. Transistor 22 7 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1_INTRODUCTION Due to the continuous increase in the cost of fuel and the effect of emission of gases from the burnt fuel into the atmosphere, this necessitated the use of the abundant solar energy from the sun as a source of power to drive a lawn mower. A solar powered lawn mower was designed and developed, based on the general principle of mowing. The designed solar powered lawnmower comprises of direct current (D.C) motor, a rechargeable battery, solar panel, a stainless steel blade and control switch. Mowing is achieved by the D.C motor which provides the required torque needed to drive the stainless steel blade which is directly coupled to the shaft of the D.C motor. The solar powered lawnmower is operated by the switch on the board which closes the circuit and allows the flow of current to the motor which in turn drive the blade used for mowing. The battery recharges through the solar charging controller. Performance evaluation of the developed machine was carried out with different types of grasses. The sun provides sustainable amount of the energy used for various purposes on earth for atmospheric system. The difference is just the application of the energy source. It is assumed that a lawnmower using solar as the energy source will address a number of issues that the standard internal combustion engine and electric motors lawn mowers do not. A lawnmower with solar energy will be easier to use, it eliminates down time by frequent trips to the gas station for fill-ups and danger associated with gasoline spillage. The dangerous emissions generated by the gasoline spillage and that of the internal combustion engine into the atmosphere are eliminated. The solar powered lawnmower will help to reduce air pollution. Thus solar grass cutter is used. 8 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
1.2 AIM OF PROJECT To make up students mind, not only to work individually but also to work item. To get the knowledge of each student in various subjects which he has studied before? To prepare a team, not only to make project but, also to decide design, cost of raw material and advantages and limitations of them. The students can know that which and what kind of difficulties and constrains they have to face and find the right decision difficult it. FIGURE 1.1 A PERSON WITH SOLAR GRASS CUTTER 9 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 2 SELECTION OF PROJECT Before selection of the project, discussion has to be between the team members and their requirement in routing activities. We think on a similar product whether it is available I marked or not thinking by different kinds of it features. We can make modified product having more advantages at economics cost. Also we have to consider the feasibility as well as suitability for available resources and facilities to carry out the project work. The following projects are under consideration. 2.1 Hover board FIGURE1.2 HOVER BOARD 10 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
2.2 SOLAR WATER SPRINKLER FIGURE 1.3 SOLAR WATER SPRINKLER 2.3 THREE TYRE WAY TROLLEY FIGURE 1.4 THREE TYRE WAY TROLLEY 11 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
2.4 Solar Grass Cutter FIGURE 1.5 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER We have selected the solar grass cutter as our project. 2.5 MARKET SURVEY The study of the spending characteristics and purchasing power of the consumer who are within your business's geographic area of operation; a research method for defining the market parameters of a business. We can with stand in the market but, we should have two things one thing is that the project we have chosen never face any problem regarding it s working. On the basis of concept of products the market survey and group discussion we had find that our project can be used in stunts in the sky. Without doubt we have selected the solar grass cutter because for saving the energy, fuel and the power supply. 12 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 3 BASIC THEORY AND CONCEPTS 3.1 THEORY:- Working process: Intelligent information appliance is the main direction of development in the appliance control at irrigation fields. We designed a broad and commendable range of Solar Grass Cutter along with solar panel. As the energy conversation is very important in the current scenario and should be done to a maximum extent where ever it is possible. Still, these mowers grass cutting machineries all need the same things to work right -- a motor, a rotating blade, a means of getting around and a way to get rid of the grass clippings. The controlling device of the whole system is provided using switch ON the DC motor interfaced with grass cutting blades. The entire model consists of two sections one controlling section and another designing section of the model. The controlling section consists of Rechargeable battery, relays switches and Solar panel. The system depending on the charging circuit the motor can be controlled using relay switch. The solar power stores the energy to a battery and then runs the motor through the relay switch. 13 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
Design: In designing the cutting blade, the force required to cut the lawn as well as the force acting on the blade was considered. The force required by any sharp object to have impact on the grass is less than 10 Newton. It is also dependent on the height, density and the area covered by the object (Atkins, 1984). Therefore, in designing the blade of the solar powered lawn mower, the force required for effective mowing should be greater than 10 Newton. A stainless steel was used in the construction of the cutting blade because of its strength and weight which can transmit same speed as that of the DC motor or a little less cause of friction. 14 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 4 PART LIST SR.NO. DISCRIPTIONS NO OF PIECES 1. Solar Panel 1 2. Battery 1 3. Motor 2 4. Blade 1 5. PVC Pipe 26 6. Coupling, & Reducer 24 7. Caster Wheel 2 8. Fibre Sheet 1 9. Switch 2 10. Wire 4 meter 11. Normal Wheel 2 12. Circuit 1 13. Remote 1 14. Small Battery 2 15. Transistor 4 15 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.1 Solar Panel: FIGURE 1.6 Solar panel First the solar cells are joints with the use bus bar and flux. Then according to use of solar panel, series and parallel connection are given to the point Solar panel is used to save the electric energy.it is also use store the energy with the help of battery. 16 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.2 Battery: FIGURE 1.7 Battery Solar power can be store in the rechargeable battery and can be further used for the grass cutting machine to run. 4.3 MOTOR: Figure 1.8 Motor This motor is used for the rotating the blade and when the blade is rotated the grass is cut. The motor is rotated at 2000 RPM. The motor is also used to rotate the wheel which move the body. 17 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.4 BLADE: Figure 1.9 Blade We have used the homemade blade. In which there are four wings. 4.5 PVC PIPE: Figure 2.1 PVC Pipe We have used the PVC pipe to make the body structure. By using PVC pipe the weight of the structure reduce, so the body moves easily. 18 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.6 Coupling & Reducer: Figure 2.2 Coupling & Reduce We have used the coupling & reducer in the body. 4.7 Caster Wheel: Figure 2.3 caster wheel We used the caster wheel for moving the body Caster wheel are used to move high load object. With the help of caster body move easily. 19 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.8 Fiber Sheet: Figure 2.3 Fiber Sheet We have used the fiber to cover the body of the project. And we have used to kept the solar panel. 4.9 Switch: Figure 2.4 Switch We have used the to ON OFF the blade. And for the circuit to do ON & OFF. 20 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.10 Wire: Figure 2.5 Wire We have used the wire for giving different connection in motor, circuit, transistor, etc. 4.11 Normal wheel: Figure 2.6 Normal wheel It is used for giving feed to the front wheel. The motors are connected with this two wheel. 21 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.12 Circuit: Figure 2.7 Circuit The brain of the project is the circuit. With the help of circuit the whole system of the project run s. 4.13 Remote: Figure 2.8 Remote We used the remote to control the solar grass cutter. With the help of remote we can move the body. 22 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
4.14 Small Battery: Figure 2.9 Small Battery We have used the of 9v to give the power to the circuit. 4.15 Transistor: Figure 2.10 Transistor We used the transistor in the circuit to give the current. We used the four transistors in the circuit. 23 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 5 FINAL COSTING SR.NO. DISCRIPTIONS PRICE 1. Solar Panel 1000 2. Battery 700 3. Motor 950 4. Blade 60 5. PVC pipe 150 6. Coupling, & Reducer 500 7. Caster wheel 300 8. Fibre Sheet 100 9. Switch 10 10. Wire 40 12. Circuit 50 13. Remote 50 14. Small battery 60 15. Transistor 30 TOTAL 4100 24 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 6 ADVANTAGES As there is no friction between parts, less maintenance is required. It does not cause any environmental pollution. As it is working on solar no fuel cost. More life of the solar panel. As the battery is used for backup it can be run in night also. High efficiency. We can reduce the wastage of power. Very easy to use. Low weight and easy to move any were. Easy assemble and disassemble. Design of it is compact. 25 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 7 APPLICATIONS It can be used in garden at home. It can be used in Public Park. It can be used in college. It can be used in party plots. 26 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.
CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSION In the world today, all machines are designed with the aim of reducing or eliminating green house gas emissions which is the major causes of climate change. This solar powered grass cutter will meet the challenge of environmental production and low cost of operation since there is no cost for fuelling. A solar powered lawn mower has been developed for the use of residences and establishments that have lawns where tractor driven mowers could not be used. The machine s capacity is adequate for its purpose. The machine has proved to be a possible replacement for the gasoline powered grass cutter. In the presented paper provides the fabricated information about the Fabrication of Solar grass Cutting Machine which was designed such that the solar plate generates solar energy and utilizing this energy for running the grass cutter motor. Integrating features of all the hardware components used have been developed in it. Presence of every module has been reasoned out and placed carefully, thus contributing to the best working of the unit. Secondly, using highly advanced IC s with the help of growing technology, the project has been successfully implemented. Thus the project has been successfully designed and tested. 27 SOLAR GRASS CUTTER, VPMP POLYTECHNIC, GANDHINAGAR.