DAY 2 SYMBOLS / LOGOS(Safety & Your Vehicle)

Transcription

1 Page 1 of 5 DAY 2 SYMBOLS / LOGOS(Safety & Your Vehicle) Side Lights (white in front) & Tail Lights (red at back): - Parked in fog - Parked on road with speed limit over 30mph - Broken down on hard shoulder Rule 113 Also known as Parking Light Dipped beam / Low beam / Headlights: - Dark / Dusk / Dull / Poor visibility - Can t see more then 100m (Fog / Smoke) - Rain / Rain spray / Misty - Tunnels (Law) - Motorbikes use during the day to be seen Rule 115 Full beam / High beam /Main beam / Flashing headlights: - Turn off if someone in front of you or passing you (Switch back to dip) - Can dazzle others - If someone is overtaking you, then turn off as soon as they are next to you Flashing headlights means: - I am here (Does NOT mean giveway) Rule 100 Front Rear Fog lights: Rule: Can t see more then 100m - Does NOT help you to see - Helps you to be seen - Can be brighter than brake lights so drivers can t tell if your brake lights are on or they are staying on - Can dazzle others Hazard lights: - You have had a break down (Also on hard shoulder) - Major hazard ahead - Sudden braking ahead - Being towed on motorway or unrestricted carriageway Rule 116 Hand brake / Parking brake (Red): - Hand brake is on or Faulty brakes Brake fluid logo (Yellow): - Fault with brakes Battery logo (Red): - Low battery - Charging system faulty Some Batteries: - Fill just above the cells with distilled water Engine Management Light (EML light): - Fault with the engine MAINTENANCE(Safety & Your Vehicle) Check tyres and oil etc. = once a month or before a long trip Tyre pressure: - Check when tyres are cold for accurate reading - Check car user manual hand book or badge located in the car - Use tyre pressure gauge - Over inflate for long trip or more load / laden Tyre tread (grip) depth (deep): - Minimum 1.6mm - Check in three quarters of the tyre around the tyre

2 Page 2 of 5 Uneven tyre tread: -Under inflated (not enough air in tyre)= > Effects fuel (uses more), poor braking, causes heavy steering and sides of tyre wears out - Over inflated = > Effects control and middle of tyre wears out - Poor alignment = > Effects control and one side of tyre wears out Suspension damaged = >Car will feel bouncy, effects control and tyre tread will be patchy Steering: - Car pulls to side when driving = check if your tyre is under inflated - Car pulls to side when braking = Poor braking adjustment - Poor tracking = uneven steering and car pulls to side - Steering wobbles = loose wheel -Steering wobbles / vibrates at high speed = Poor tyre balancing Brake fluid Low: - Brakes feel spongy& weak brakes ARM SIGNALS: (Back of highway code) Use arm signals: - Bright Sun - Tight traffic - Emphasis arm signal Wave your right arm up and down: - Slowing down - Pulling over - Approach to Zebra crossing ADVERSE (Bad / Strong) WEATHER: (Road Conditions and Handling) Ford Sign (Water on road): - Look for Depth Gauge - Low gear - High revs - Test brakes after going through (Rule 121) Frost / Ice / Snow: Tyres : - Winter tyres - Studded - Snow chains Black Ice = Invisible Ice Control: - Too slow down use = Engine braking (into lower gear) = Best for slippery surface - Move off in 2nd gear = less power = less spin - Use high gears = less power = less chance of spin - Tyre pressure = under inflate (Less air) = More traction (grip) DOCUMENTS (Essential Documents) Tell DVLA: - Change name or address - Health effects driving permanently - Eye sight weaker - Change vehicle Vehicle Registration Certificate: (Also known as V5 and Log Book) - Keepers name and address - Car make and model - Engine size DO NOT LEAVE IN CAR Road Tax Disc / Vehicle Excise Duty: To get one you need = - Vehicle Registration Certificate - Valid MOT - Valid Insurance Don t want one: - Park on private property - Tell DVLA - Called SORN - Statutory off Road Notification

3 Page 3 of 5 MOT (Motor On Test): By law car road worthy check - Every year - New cars not needed for the 1st 3 years, than you have to get it done yearly - Can NOT drive without one unless on way to MOT appointment - No MOT = Insurance invalid Car insurance: - Fine is Unlimited - Insurance cover= > Minimum is cover 3rd party (damage to others) > 3rd party (Fire and Theft) > Maximum cover is Fully Comprehensive - Insurance Excess; Fee you pay to make a claim - Cover note; Covers you for 1 month and you get before insurance certificate Foreign license = 12 months ECO SAFE (Safety and your vehicle) (Environmentally friendly driving and safe driving) Trams: - Use electricity - Reduces congestion - Reduces noise pollution Park & Ride: Park car and take the bus into city Pollution can damage buildings Noise is also pollution H.O.V Lanes: - High Occupancy Vehicle Lane also known as car pool lane. It s to encourage people to share cars and use special lanes. SPEED LIMITS (Rules of the Road) Rule gives you the speed limit table National speed limit sign: - Means national speed limit Applies Motorway: - 70mph - 60mph for Trailers Nothing slow allowed like: - Mopeds/Scooters -50cc - Red L-Plates (Leaner s) - Agriculture Vehicle s (Tractors)Etc. Rule Trailers can t use right lane of Motorway unless: - Road work sign say so - Lanes closures Dual Carriageways: - 70mph - 60mph for Trailers Single Carriageways: - 60mph - 50mph for Trailers Usually Rural Area (Countryside) If there s no speed limit sign then: - Street lights = 30mph - Built up area = 30mph - Narrow road = 20mph - Schools = Usually 20mph Traffic Calming Measure = Slow you down - Speed humps - Chicanes (Picture in rule 153) Etc.. YOUR VEHICLE (Safety and your vehicle / Alertness) Blind spots: - Over each shoulder - Areas not covered by mirrors - Behind each roof pillar Y-Junction: Check blind spot Exterior Mirrors: Convex glass: - Good: Wider field of vision - Bad: Objects seem smaller and further Interior Mirror: Has Anti-Dazzle switch: Reduces dazzle from cars behind you Horn: - Do NOT use between 1130pm 7am in built up area - Use to alert of your presence= > Hump Bridge (Usually no pavements, keep left) > Someone reversing

4 Page 4 of 5 > Blind corner Traction Control Device to help you when loosing control: ESP: Electronic Stability Program ECS: Electronic Stability Control Also known as ASC, Diesel is very slippery CAR SECURITY Following help: - Etching windows (Vehicle reg. etched on to glass) - Car immobiliser (Stops car from starting) FIRST AID & ACCIDENTS (Incidents, Accidents & Emergency s) DRS ABCD: - Response =Ask questions, Squeeze shoulders - Airway = Tilt head back, chin up to open air way & call 999 or Breathing =Check breathing for at least 10 seconds (Due to the last breath) Compressions: - Adults = 2 hands on top of each other locked together, 2 per second, 5-6cm deep, - Child = 1 hand palm, be gentle - Baby = 2 fingers together, be very gentle Mouth to Mouth: - Pinch nose and give 2 breaths that last 1 second after each set of compressions - Gently for children / babies - If baby then cover their nose and mouth with your mouth The casualty: - Don t move them - keep them warm - Reassure them firmly - No food or drink etc. - Grey face & sweating means going into shock Burns: - Don t remove anything stuck - Dose (soak) for 10 minutes with cool non-toxic liquid Unconscious but breathing put in the recovery position (1 leg and arm over) Biker: - Don t move them - Leave helmet on but open visor & don t unzip jacket - Warn traffic in path THE DRIVER (Rules of the Road / Attitude) Supervise a drive: - Age 21 or over - Full license minimum 3 years Learn to drive minimum aged over 17 Eye sight: - Read new style number plates 20m away and old style 20.5m away. Rule 92 Pass Plus: 1. May improve your driving 2. May get discount on insurance Green L and P plates mean new driver are optional Maximum penalty points: - 1st 2yrs 6 points - 12 points after Drink driving limit (Rule 95) - Breath 35mg / 100ml - Blood 80mg / 100ml Alcohol effects: - Poor judgement - Reduced concentration - Increased confidence (Risk taking) Police will ask you to pull over by: - Flashing headlights - They will point with finger (usually to left) Rule 106 Exempts from seat belt: - Reversing - Doctor note

5 Page 5 of 5 PASSENGER Child seat / restraint: - Deactivate airbag if child seat/restraint is rear facing and in the front seat - -3ys old must use child restraint or seat - 3yrs-12ys or under1.35 metres for front seat: must use child restraint and not adult seat belt. Rear seat: Use child restraint if available or adult seat belt if not. Rule 100 Seat belts / Restraints Rule 99: Driver responsible for anyone aged 13 or under to wear a seatbelt. Passenger responsible for seat belt, if they are aged 14 or over. Rule 99 CROSSINGS: VULNERABLE: (Unpredictable) Pedestrians with fluorescent vest & flashing white / red light = Organised walk (Rule 5) Pedestrian with: White stick: Blind White and red stick: Blind and Deaf Red head band: Deaf Dog jackets: Yellow = Deaf Burgundy = Deaf Fluorescent = Blind Red & White chequered (Squares) = Blind and Deaf Mobility / Disability scooter= Max 8mph _ Traffic lights: - Green = Go - Amber = Prepare to stop - Red = Stop - Red & Amber = Prepare to go -Flashing Amber = Go if clear Pelican crossing: - Timer - Flashing amber = go if clear Puffin crossing: - Sensor - Red and Amber= Get ready Toucan crossing: - Pedestrians & Cyclist Equestrian: - Horses White Zig Zags: No overtaking, No loading or unloading, No picking / setting up or dropping off (To keep crossing clear so pedestrians can see vehicles)