Dutch Alcohol Interlock Program
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1 Dutch Alcohol Interlock Program Marian Jongman de Jong Policy advisor Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment 5 th September 2013
2 Dutch Alcohol Interlock Program Latest international research: DRUID Justification of the measure Pilot Fryslân Dutch alcohol rehabilitation programs Legal framework The alcohol interlock program itself Monitoring and evaluation 2 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
3 The DRUID project a large-scale European research on use of psychoactive substances in the European traffic: DRiving Under the Influence of Drugs, alcohol and medicines Main conclusion is that drinking and driving is still a greater threat to safety than the use of drugs and medicines Therefore, measures will initially need to focus alcohol. education, enforcement, rehabilitation programs or withdrawal of the driving license Risk increases: combined use of alcohol and drugs high blood-alcohol levels The certainty of punishment is more effective than the severity of punishment 3 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
4 Justification of the measures In 1999: 31,2 % of deaths in traffic in the Netherlands is due to alcohol Today s number: 20,3% Mental shift: drunk-driving is not done Only criminal law is insufficient general recidivism 27,5% (WODC 2008) Awareness necessary to avoid recidivism: 2012 traffic fatalities 650 caused by alcohol: 130 Complemented with (light) educational measures alcohol at a higher blood alcohol level than is legally allowed (LEMA and EMA) Effect: lower recidivism, approximately 13% (WODC 2009) But there is still a persistent group of recurrences 4 Ministerie van Infrastructuur en Milieu
5 Additional measure: alcohol interlock program Relatively crash rate at different BAC (promille) values ,2 0,5 0,8 1 1,3 1,5 1,8 Positive experiences with the alcohol interlock program abroad (Sweden, Canada, USA, Australia, Finland) Expected effects AIP with an inflow of people per year: Extra reduction of traffic fatalities and injuries requiring hospitalization 5 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
6 Pilot Fryslân: purpose and facts The purpose of the trial: to gain experience with the installation and removal of the alcohol interlock in the car the use of the alcohol interlock in daily practice. 80 people/cars selected out of volunteers, cross-section of the average motorist 2 types of alcohol interlocks from 2 suppliers built into the dashboard and wireless sound and volume of the lock, indicating to perform a so-called repeat test 6 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
7 Result Pilot Fryslân: Duration of the test: 11 weeks in 2010 Can an alcohol interlock in each car? Yes you can, but the newer the car, the harder it is. Is an alcohol interlock safe and easy to use? Yes, but the user should be well instructed 7 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
8 Dutch alcohol rehabilitation programs Legend: E: experienced driver B: beginning driver R: recidivism (< 5 year) 1: E 1,8 B 1,8 R: promilage equal AIP Medical/psychiatric assessment 1: E 1,3-1,8 B 1,0-1,8 R: promilage equal EMA Alcohol Interlock Program (AIP) 1: E 1,0 1,3 B 0,8 1,0 R: promilage equal LEMA Educational Measure Alcohol and traffic (EMA) 1: E 0,8-1,0 B 0,5 0,8 (S)light Educational Measure Alcohol and traffic (LEMA) 8 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
9 Legal framework AIP Drunk driver stopped by police Criminal Law: judge can impose sanctions: Punishment of a crime in the past recognized offense, preventive effect, protecting society Administrative Law: CBR always impose measures: To ensure road safety by assessing skills and suitability to the driver or by preventing unsuitable drivers to participate in traffic Changes in 2012 Withdrawal of the Alcohol Interlock Program if: the arrest took place on a moped EMA the (Dutch) driver no longer resides in the Netherlands medical/psychiatric assessment 9 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
10 Numbers today 15 august drivers have received a decision alcohol program 3257 drivers have signed up for the motivational course 2699 drivers have the alcohol lock installed in their car 582 drivers have a licence for truck or busses (Cof D) 236 of them are in the program 275 cases are in courts 5 cases at the Supreme Court 10 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
11 Features Dutch Alcohol Interlock Program Mandatory program for: first offenders BAC > 1.3 novice drivers BAC > 1.0 Recidivists Not participating in the program = 5 years no license The program itself = two years for all participants and can be extended for drivers who can t separate drinking and driving even during the program Mandatory regular data download, mandatory support program 75% of the drivers shows a change in behaviour 11 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
12 Obligations participants have to meet Pay for the program and alcohol interlock (> 4.000,- euro) Install an interlock in the vehicle(s) he wants drive At this moment only possible in passenger cars Considering of HGV, buses, motorcycles and tractors Ask a license with national alcohol interlock code 103 Participate at support program within 6 months Data download every 6 weeks Comply with the other program conditions regarding maximum false initial tests, missed retests, fraud etc. 12 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
13 Monitoring and evaluation After 3 years: results of the practical working of the program: Reasons of not participating The feasibility of the decision rules Should we make possible for other vehicles to install alcohol interlocks? 5 years after the introduction: results of research on effect of the program: Recidivism of AIP compared to situation before introduction Effect on alcohol related fatal traffic injuries 13 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
14 Thanks for your attention 14 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
15 Organizations involved Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment: Defined the program Responsible for legislation & regulations The Dutch driving license authority (CBR): Designated by the Ministry to enforce the program Responsible for support & monitoring program The Road traffic authority (RDW): Designated by the Ministry to administer interlock data register Responsible for type approval of interlocks Responsible for approval of vendors and installers Responsible for supervision 15 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
16 Technical Requirements Only type-approved alcohol interlocks may be used EN (European CENELEC standard) Additional requirements from EN and 3 Additional Dutch requirements e.g. regarding data security: protection profile Only vendors who meet requirements may supply alcohol interlocks for the Dutch program Installers have to be approved by RDW as well Although there may be multiple vendors, there will be 1 central interlock data register administered by RDW 16 Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment
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