GaN 07 New perspectives for nitride materials and devices

Transcription

1 07 New perspectives for nitride materials and devices Nitronex Ferdinand-Braun-Institute CREE 2007

2 Different substrates for epitaxy Direct growth or buffer approach (1/2) Epiwafer providers Device makers Application Pros Sapphire TDI Hitachi Cable NTT Kyma Opto Lumileds Osram Nichia Toyoda Gosei Velox Blue / white LED Power Devices Low cost 4 possibility CREE Hitachi Cable TDI NTT CREE Osram n-type SiC Blue / white LED Thermal cond. 4 avail. Back-side contact S.I. SiC CREE Hitachi Cable NTT Toyoda Gosei AZZURO IQE, Kopin Picogiga CREE Fujistu RFMD Northrop Grum. Kopin NXP Freescale NEC, TriQuint RF devices Thermal cond. Sumitomo SEI Kyma LumiLOG Samsungcorning Hitachi cable AZZURO Sony Nichia NEC Bulk- Blue/violet laser diodes Defects density Nitronex AZZURO Picogiga IMEC IQE Nitronex OKI TriQuint RF devices LED Tc Cost large Ø Silicon Toshiba Ceramic (TOCERA) R&D Epi-3C-SiC Silicon RF devices Power devices Defects density Tc BluGlass (coop. with Saint- Gobain) R&D Blue / white LED Low growth T Cost Up to 6 Glass Cons Defects density Thermal cond. No back-side contact Cost Patents (LEDs) 3 only Cost Cost 2 only material Defects density Wafer bow Bow, warpage Defects density

3 LED market status and forecast in M$ Revenues ($ million) %/yr driven by mobile appliances +8%/yr Mobile appliances ASP decline +18%/yr driven by automotive, SSL and displays optoelectronics: LED

4 Main agreements and cross-licenses in LED business License to Cross-license Supply to optoelectronics: LED

5 LED Market Generalities New technologies in development Need to improve illumination performances Market Need Application Device Process Key players At LED level Light extraction efficiency Light directional emission Photonic crystals Photonic crystals Laser lift-off Textured LEDs New LED designs NIL or Holographic OSRAM OSRAM Luminus, OSRAM, LG, LumiLeds LumiLeds, OSRAM optoelectronics: LED

6 2006 sapphire substrates market for LED: price, units and diameter analysis 2006 Average Selling Price (ASP): 2 : $XX-$XX (Korea, Taiwan or China) $XX-$XX (Europe, US) 3 : ~$XX 4 : ~$XX Nichia Toyoda Gosei Osram Lumileds 2006 sapphire substrates market in mm² processed. Breakdown by diameter Showa Denko 3" 29% 4" 1% 2" 70% Breakdown over a 2006 total of x,xxx Million mm² processed Mainly Korea, Taiwan and China optoelectronics: LED

7 SiC wafers diameter evolution for for /SiC HB-LED production % 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% SiC substrates diameter breakdown for LED at CREE (in % of processed surface) Cree started 4 line Ramp-up of Cree 4 production SiC 4" (%) SiC 3" (%) SiC 2" (%) optoelectronics: LED

8 FET commercialization status & announcements Nitronex RFMD Eudyna CREE OKI NEC Philips NXP 2008 > 2009 Filtronic Selex UMS RF market: The HEMT devices

9 Power Amplifiers (PA) for Base stations (BTS) market Si LDMOS & GaAs phemt 2006 status Base station s Power Amplifiers (PA) market was in the range of $435M in 2006 widely dominated by silicon LDMOS technologies Typical base station average RF power is watts Typical 2G back-off: 3 db Typical 3G back-off: 10 db 70% of the PA cost is due to transistors. 12 to 18 transistors in a 100 watts (peak) PA. 8 to 12 PA s in a base station 120 to 360 transistors in a base station GaAs phemt 10% Silicon LDMOS 90% PA s technologies breakdown RF market: BTS

10 Possible applications for devices in power electronics devices in power electronics PFC / power supplies IT & consumer Automotive Industry Converter / inverter DC/AC inverter Electronic appliances & Computing UPS Hybrid automotive DC/DC Converter power electronics P.V. Motor control Inverter Wind turbine 100kW < 500 W 1 5 kw kw 5 50kW 5 100kW > 1MW 1MW & SiC possible competition UPS SiC only

11 Estimated accessible markets, growth rate, and time to market for based power electronics CAGR (%) Power supply PFC UPS Motor Control HEV Estimated Estimated accessible accessible markets, markets, growth growth rate, rate, and and time time to to market market for for based based power power electronics electronics Solar Panel Diameter corresponds to accessible Silicon devices market size as it was in power electronics Time to market

12 Automotive Application: Hybrid Electrical Vehicle (HEV) requirements. DC-DC converter Goal: to provide a high voltage (400V) to 12V output, with an option to provide a 42V output. Typical power rating: 3 to 10kW with switching frequency of khz Inverter (DC-AC 3-phases converter) Goal: To develop an integrated motor/controller comprised of the motor and inverter in a single package. The goals for the system include an integrated power electronics system capable of 15 years lifetime and capable of delivering at least 55 kw of power for 18 sec and 30 kw continuous power. Up to 300 A per motor phase Cost < 7$/kW Typical 400 V DC battery pack Isolated full-bridge step-down dc-dc converter Each transistor and diode has to handle 400 V and 200 A peaks. Three-phase inverter traction drive Typical motor: 30 kw, 230 V, 4-pole, 3000 rpm power electronics: HEV market

13 devices revenues in M$ for LED, Laser, RF & power electronics device revenues (M$) $10 000M $9 000M $8 000M $7 000M $6 000M $5 000M $4 000M $3 000M $2 000M $1 000M $M RF electronics Power electronics Laser Diodes HB-LED Synthesis