Supplementary file S1 Individual co-plot of V-slope and lactate curve

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1 Supplementary file S1 Individual co-plot of V-slope and lactate curve Figure legend Open triangles represent resting and warm-up lactate values. Each triangle is the mean of 2 values; the mean first and second lactate values were not significantly different from each other either during rest or warm-up. Open squares represent ramp exercise values. Arrows with (*) represent lactate break points that occurred before the stable V-slope was established (transition phase). Circles represent V-slope data points. Those during the transition phase (due to tissue CO 2 storage) are depicted in blue and those on the S1 in red. The determination of VT was made with difficulty in 2 cases (#12 and #2); A slow upward hump towards the R=1 line following short S1 was taken as a threshold. The determination of LT was made with difficulty in 1 case (#12). In this case, changes in the V-slope and lactate curve were both remarkably small. Typical examples of larger CO 2 storage effect and long S1 are #6 and #16. Examples of less CO 2 storage effect with relatively long S1 are #8 and #18. In some cases, a long stable S1 is not maintained, probably because an interval between the CO 2 storage effect (transit phase) and the approach towards R=1 (VT) is too short (cases #5, #14, #15, #19, and #2).

2 2 1 Case #1 Protocol: 11watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 VT LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

3 15 1 Case #2 Protocol: 6watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 5 VT 3 2 LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

4 15 1 Case #3 Protocol: 8watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

5 25 1 Case #4 Protocol: 14watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 1 4 VT LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

6 2 1 Case #5 Protocol: 9watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 5 VT LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

7 3 25 Case #6 Protocol: 17watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 15 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 1 VT LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

8 15 1 Case #7 Protocol: 7watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 5 VT LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

9 25 1 Case #8 Protocol: 16watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT 3 2 LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

10 25 1 Case #9 Protocol: 13watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 1 4 VT LT1,2(*) VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

11 2 1 Case #1 Protocol: 1watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 VT LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

12 25 1 Case #11 Protocol: 13watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT LT1, 2(*) VO 2 (ml min -1 )

13 2 1 Case #12 Protocol: 1watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 VT LT1 LT VO 2 (ml min -1 )

14 15 1 Case #13 Protocol: 8watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) VT 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) LT1, 2(*) VO 2 (ml min -1 )

15 2 1 Case #14 Protocol: 1watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT 2 1 LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

16 15 1 Case #15 Protocol: 9watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT 2 LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

17 2 1 Case #16 Protocol: 1watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 VT 5 4 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

18 25 1 Case #17 Protocol: 11watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 VT 5 4 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) LT1, 2(*) VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

19 15 1 Case #18 Protocol: 7watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) 4 5 VT 3 2 LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1

20 2 1 Case #19 Protocol: 9watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT 2 1 LT1, VO 2 (ml min -1 )

21 2 1 Case #2 Protocol: 11watt min VCO 2 (ml min -1 ) 1 5 Lactate (mmol L -1 ) VT 2 1 LT1(*) LT VO 2 (ml min -1 )

22 Supplementary file S2 Individual ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate graph

23 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #1 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

24 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #2 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

25 25 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #3 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

26 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #4 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

27 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #5 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

28 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #6 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

29 25 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #7 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

30 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #8 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

31 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #9 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

32 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #1 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

33 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #11 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

34 45 VO 2 vs. work rate slope 4 Case # Case #12 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

35 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #13 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

36 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #14 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

37 25 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #15 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

38 25 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #16 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

39 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case #17 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

40 2 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case#18 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

41 35 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case#19 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] Day Day work rate [watt]

42 3 VO 2 vs. work rate slope Case # Case#2 Protocol [watt min -1 ] ΔVO 2 /Δwork rate [ml min -1 watt -1 ] 5 Day Day work rate [watt]

43 Supplementary file S3 Changes in the V-slope VT induced by the ramp shift from the medium to slow ramp Figure legend The red arrow indicates VT.

44 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

45 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

46 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

47 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

48 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

49 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

50 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

51 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

52 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

53 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

54 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

55 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

56 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

57 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

58 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

59 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

60 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

61 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

62 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

63 VCO2 [ml min -1 ] VCO2 [ml min -1 ] Case #

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