ARC FLASH ANALYSIS STUDY IN INDUSTRY HARNA A/P ELAVARASU

Transcription

1 ARC FLASH ANALYSIS STUDY IN INDUSTRY HARNA A/P ELAVARASU Report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the award of the degree of Bachelor of Electrical Engineering with Power System Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHANG DECEMBER 2010

2 U IVERSITI MALAYSIA PAHA G BORA G PE GESAHA STATUS TESIS JUDUL: ARC FLASH A ALYSIS STUDY I I DUSTRY SESI PE GAJIA : 2010/2011 Saya, HAR A A/P ELAVARASU ( ) (HURUF BESAR) mengaku membenarkan tesis (Sarjana Muda / Sarjana / Doktor Falsafah)* ini disimpan di perpustakaan dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut: 1. Tesis ini adalah hakmilik Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). 2. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja. 3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi. 4. **Sila tandakan ( ) SULIT TERHAD (Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972) (Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan oleh organisasi / badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan) TIDAK TERHAD Disahkan oleh: (TANDATANGAN PENULIS) (TANDATANGAN PENYELIA) Alamat Tetap: O.29, PSR DESA JAYA 4, TAMA SRI TA JO G, TG. RAMBUTA, IPOH, PERAK DARUL RIDZUA. OMAR BI ALIMA (Nama Penyelia) Tarikh: 29 OVEMBER 2010 Tarikh: 29 OVEMBER 2010 CATATAN: * Potong yang tidak berkenaan. ** Jika tesis ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organisasi berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali tempoh tesis ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT atau TERHAD. Tesis dimaksudkan sebagai tesis bagi Ijazah Doktor Falsafah dan Sarjana secara Penyelidikan, atau disertasi bagi pengajian secara kerja kursus dan penyelidikan, atau Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda (PSM)

3 vii TABLE OF CO TE T SUPERVISOR S DECLARATIO STUDE T S DECLARATIO ACK OWLEDGEME T ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CO TE T LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES Page i ii iv v vi vii x xi CHAPTER 1 I TRODUCTIO 1.1 Arc Flash Problems Statement Objectives Scopes of Project Significant of Study 3 CHAPTER2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Arc Flash Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Arc Flash Analysis Calculation Determine Arcing Current Determine the Incident Energy Determine the Flash Boundary Issues to Consider When Performing IEEE 1854 Arc Flash Calculation At what point in the system should arc flash hazard Calculations be performed? Is the Over current Protective Device a fuse What if the fuse is not one of the specific ones stated? 11

4 viii 2.5 Use of Other Existing Technologies for Reducing Arc Flash Arc Flash Hazard Analysis Requirement and Approach Risk category of Personal Protective Equipment 13 CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction Step 1: Collect the system and installation data Step 2: Determined the system modes of operation Step 3: Determined the bolted fault currents Step 4: Determine the arc fault current Step 5: Find the protective device characteristics and the duration of the Arcs Step 6: Document the system voltages and classes of equipment Step 7: Select the working distance Step 8: Determine the incident energy for all equipment Step 9: Determine the flash protection boundary for all equipment 17 CHAPTER 4 RESULT A D DISCUSSIO 4.1 Collection and Installation Data Utility Bus Transformer Cable Static Load Motor Load Flow Analysis Run Load Flow Analysis Load Flow Analysis Results Short Circuit Analysis Three Phase Short Circuit Analysis Short Circuit Calculation Short Circuit Analysis Result 48

5 ix 4.4 Arcing Fault Current Application for under 1000V Application for 1000V and Higher Protection Coordination Circuit Breaker with short time delay System voltage and classes of equipment and selection of working distance Determine the Incident Energy Determine the Flash Boundary Category of Personal Protective Equipment ETAP Arc flash Calculator Relationship Between each Procedure 64 CHAPTER 5 CO CLUSIO A D RECOMME DATIO 5.1 Conclusion 65 REFERE CES 67 Appendix 68

6 x LIST OF TABLES Table o. Title Page 2.1 Factors for equipment and voltage classes Data required for equipment Extracted result for software Voltage drop at Motor with 1kW wattage Voltage drop at Motor with 100kW wattage Result for bolted fault current Result of arcing fault current for buses with low voltage Result of arcing fault current for the buses with high voltage System voltage classes of equipment and selection of working distance for all buses Result for incident energy in cal/cm Result for Flash Boundary Category of PPE 60

7 xi LIST OF FIGURES Figure o. TITLE PAGE 4.1 Power Grid Editor for utility Power Grid Editor for short circuit analysis Bus editor for load flow and short circuit analysis Rating for 2-winding transformer editor Tap for 2-winding transformer editor Info about cable Cable impedance Loading part for Static load editor Nameplate for Induction motor editor System modeled in Etap Toolbar for Etap analysis Load flow analysis toolbar Transformer 5 connected to load Transformer 7 connected to load Branch Loading (Transformer) report Under voltage for bus voltage in out of range Buses that in critical condition Buses that in marginally stable condition a Power of the Induction motor 1 is increased b Power of the Induction motor 2 and 3 is increased Example of a simple system Arc Flash Calculator Result from arc flash calculator 63