Ultra Low Emission Vehicles: The business case, the technology and best practice

Transcription

1 Ultra Low Emission Vehicles: The business case, the technology and best practice Luke Redfern Commercial Partnerships Manager

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3 Cenex partners and clients Economic development, business case advice, techno-market consultancy, due diligence Trial management and implementation support of Low carbon vehicle technology and energy infrastructure Advice and implementation support for fleets and cities (e -,H 2,CH 4 ) Policy, public affairs and operational project brokerage support, project dissemination including the LCV event

4 Where to begin? CAZ Clean Air Zone Euro IV, V, VI, EEV ULEV Ultra Low Emission Vehicle PiVG Plug-in Van Grant PiVC Plug-in Car Grant OLEV Office for Low Emission Vehicles GUL Go Ultra Low EV Electric Vehicle PHEV Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle CVTF Clean Vehicle Technology Fund LEZ Low Emission Zone RPC Reduced Pollution Certificate REEV Range Extended Electric Vehicle PiP Plugged-In Places Euro 4, 5, 6 DfT OLEV ULEVs EVs, PHEVs, REEVs PiVG & PiCG PiP & GUL

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6 Technology is moving forwards General acceptance that there is a need to lower the emissions impact of vehicles Conventional ICE Simple Hybrid Plug-In Hybrid Pure EV Hydrogen Adapted from Automotive Council 2013 Roadmaps

7 Benefits to the business Plug-in Van/Car Grant Class 1A NI BIK tax savings VED Fuel Costs Reduced SMR Costs Whole life cost saving / total cost of ownership

8 Low Emission Vehicles: The Vehicle Technology

9 Battery Electric Vehicles (EVs) Costs can be anywhere from 13,945 to 100,000+

10 Plug-In Hybrid (PHEVs) Costs can be anywhere from 33,945 to 51,000+

11 Range Extended Electric Vehicle (REx, REEV) Costs can be anywhere from 35,000+

12 Simple Hybrid Technology A hybrid vehicle combines two power sources, an ICE and battery. A stop-start system, plus energy recovery from braking and limited engine assist under acceleration

13 Hydrogen Costs can be anywhere from 53,050 to 65,954+

14 Low Emission Vehicles: The Infrastructure Technology

15 Charging Electric Vehicles Conductive Case A Case B Case C

16 Charging Electric Vehicles Inductive

17 Charging Electric Vehicles

18 Charging Speeds Slow or standard charging is typically: 0-100% in hours Amps AC single phase UK household or caravan hook-up style plug and socket (BS1363) or Blue Commando (EN60309) Fast charging is typically: 0-100% in 4-6 hours Amps AC single phase Type 2 plug and socket Semi-rapid charging is typically: 0-100% in 1-2 hours 32 Amps AC three phase Type 2 plug and socket Rapid charging is typically: 0-80% in minutes 63 Amps AC three phase or 100 Amps DC Type 2 (AC), JEVS/G105 (DC) or CCS Combo 2 (DC)

19 Charge Point Costs

20 Charge Point Costs

21 Siting Chargepoints Identify major routes through the region and the traffic flow on them Determine what charge point sites are planned within the region National and regional EV registration data should be utilised to identify clear locations that possess an EV customer base Sites that allow a good dwell time should be considered, with a criteria that evaluates; proximity to attractions space size and utilisation power supply availability ownership and contract obligations security (e.g. CCTV) existing infrastructure (e.g. availability of walls for wall mounted points).

22 Hydrogen Refuelling UK hydrogen infrastructure deployment only emerging Typically for research purposes or for specific fleets Dispensed at either 350 or 700 bar gas 350 bar provided by TK16 nozzle 700 bar provided by TK17 nozzle

23 Case Studies

24 British Gas, and the env200 Cenex was commissioned by British Gas to examine the potential cost, emissions and performance implications of integrating electric vehicles into their fleet operations. British Gas operates the third largest fleet in the UK, covering over 160 million miles per year. e-nv200 could be a commercial, environmental and operational success in city environments given the (TCO) identified. Variations in range due to differing driving duties and high auxiliary loads in cold weather were not overlooked

25 Segmentation May need to change the way we segment, and think past the usual categories Grey Fleet & Company Cars HGVs White Fleet

26 Segmentation Start to segment vehicles on their average usage, and change driver behaviour Long distance company car Pool car Back to base vehicles 200miles+ Urban deliveries Rural deliveries

27 Wyre Forest Council Driving habit distribution based on observation of usual routes followed by the vehicle. Vehicle make & model Ford Transit Connect T220 L75 Vehicle reg. number KT07 OAJ Data date range 12/04/2016 to 26/04/2016 Average daily mileage 36.7 miles Days/week usage 6.1 days Extrapolated annual mileage miles Average journeys per day 14.9 journeys Average journey mileage 2.5 miles Average daily driving time 2 hours and 36 mins Average journey driving time 10 mins 30 seconds In an electric vehicle: Average daily % charge used 60% State of Charge Average daily battery capacity used 12.5 kwh out of 21kWh

28 Wyre Forest Council 27% of the days the vehicle would need charging during the day, approximately a 20% SoC top-up charge. Using a fast charger (6.6 kw) this would take ca. 40 mins, while a slow charger (3.3 kw) would take ca. 1 hour 30 mins.

29 Wyre Forest Council This model, based on 5 years of ownership, proves the strong economic and environmental advantage of the electric vehicles against the diesel vehicle. The lack of taxes, the plug-in van grant, and the lower fuel and maintenance costs combine to allow strong whole life cost savings. The Nissan e-nv200 shows a better economic performance compared to the Renault Kangoo ZE due to its lower depreciation rate (thus higher resale value). The electric vehicles offer a 100% reduction in tailpipe CO 2 emissions and a 42% reduction in well-to-wheel CO 2 emissions.

30 West Midlands Police Service Cenex ran a consultancy project with West Midlands Police (WMP) to test the possibility of using the Nissan LEAF as diary cars in their fleet operations After a successful trial with Cenex, in June 2013 the force ordered 30 LEAFs to be split evenly across all 10 local policing units (LPUs) as diary cars to attend pre-arranged meetings with victims of crimes who have contacted the police The cars typically travel 40 to 45 miles a day, but this varies depending on the LPU. They are currently exploring other opportunities for further LCVs in their fleet operations.

31 West Midlands Police Service After eight months, the real-world data showed Total EV miles: 256,200 Reduced tailpipe emissions: 68 tonnes CO 2 Total fuel cost saving: 24,472 Equivalent to the cost of a year's pay for one new police recruit!

32 Van Cost and Carbon Calculator Tool Cenex s VC 3 tool enables fleet decision makers to assess the feasibility of incorporating new low carbon vans into their fleet. The tool is based on real-world driving cycles, meaning it predicts real-world fuel consumption. By providing a realistic whole life cost, the VC 3 de-risks the implementation of low carbon fleet solutions. The VC 3 tool was developed by Cenex with funding from the Low Carbon Vehicle Partnership (LowCVP).

33 Thank you for listening Luke Redfern Commercial Partnerships