Senior Design Project A FEW PROJECT IDEAS

Transcription

1 Senior Design Project A FEW PROJECT IDEAS Presentation on February Note: first few pages are the same as in the prior lecture notes Marek Sosnowski 319 ECE Department sosnowski@njit.edu

2 A few project ideas Project title 1. Simple EKG system 2. Personal mini phone 3. Smart home thermostat 4. Monitoring electrical energy use 5. Solar powered vehicle (play golf!) 6. All solar powered living Team Size Project Type ECE-417 ECE-416 ECE-416 ECE-417 ECE-416.

3 1. Simple EKG system Design and build a two electrode heart signal sensing system for demonstration and education purpose Successful project can become a module in one of ECE student labs The project involves hardware development (analog) and signal analysis: select an appropriate instrumentation amplifier (operational amplifier), power supply (battery or ac with opto-coupler). The data can be displayer on an oscilloscope or (better) on a PC.

4 BACKGROUND Standard EKG, generally involves the connection of between twelve and fifteen leads to a patient s chest, arms and right leg via adhesive foam pads. The device records a short sampling of the heart s electrical activity between various pairs of electrodes An experienced cardiologist can rapidly interpret a standard EKG tracing to diagnose a wide range of possible ailments.

5 The principle

6 EKG signals

7 Need for extended monitoring Some health problem can be better diagnosed by continuous monitoring. Vital sign recording (particularly the heart rate and breathing can be of great help in sports training and endurance testing. Vital signs of a human body vary during day and night. A standard test at doctor s office gives only momentary values.

8 EKG system (expanded) Design a compact wearable device that can over a period of many hours or even days. The data should be easily uploaded to a PC (USB) Standard software can be used to display the results.

9 2. Personal mini phone Design and build a two-way wireless phone for two (or more) users Specifications: Small size and weight (less than cell phone) Minimum range 50 m Immune to interference Explore existing technology and use standard off the shelf components Test in performance in various environments

10 3. SMART HOME THERMOSTAT Energy saving at home is of major concern of the public today. Heating and air conditioning is supposed to keep home environment in the comfort zone. Human experience of thermal comfort depends on both temperature and humidity but standard thermostats regulate only temperature.

11 3. SMART HOME THERMOSTAT OBJECTIVE: Design a smart thermostat that uses both temperature and humidity to provide optimum comfort conditions. The smart thermostat should be able to learn the homeowner s comfort curve. After a few weeks of training the device should control a heating or air conditioning system following the preferences of a particular user.

12 4. Monitoring electrical energy use Problem: We often do not know how much energy is really consumed by different electrical appliances in actual operation This information is needed to make intelligent choices for saving energy and its cost.

13 Monitoring electrical energy use Design a device recording electrical energy use by an appliance over extended time (weeks or more) Plug-in type for standard AC receptacles or wired-in for larger units Potentially a system of several units with data analysis on a PC (communication?) Target markets: home owners, small businesses

14 5. SOLAR GOLF CAR + POTENTIAL SPONSOR LB ELECTRIC Co. Length in (1675 mm) Width in (1001 mm) Height 1.34 in (34 mm) Frame Aluminum Weight 48.5 lbs (22 kg)

15 Project tasks Select appropriate solar panel Investigate vehicle specification and performance requirements Design and build electronics Charging monitor/controller (easy) Matching converter (challenging) Testing of system performance testing Learn about: solar power, batteries, power electronics

16 All solar powered living (Electrifying hermit s dwelling with solar power) Project: Electrical system for a remote dwelling (no utilities) powered only by solar energy Prof. M. Sosnowski, ECE Department

17 Potential applications Isolated vacation cabin (mountains, lake island, woods) Remote research station (jungle, desert) Nature filming and photography Emergency service for prolonged power outage

18 Project tasks Research current and emerging solar photovoltaic cells (efficiency, cost) Design an electrical system using a solar panel of reasonable size, a battery, and minimal electrical appliances of high efficiency: lights (LED, fluorescent?), refrigeration, computer, communication etc. Design a controller powering circuits with 2-3 priority levels. Build a scaled-down model of the system and measure its performance in real environment (obtain data over extended time) See Apollo 13 (the movie)

19 Experimental System

20 Engineering experience Energy and Power Design Circuit and system design Solar cell technology High efficiency light sources and appliances

21 USEFUL IN MANY PROJECTS PC/Network Data Acquisition System Microprocessor development board Analog inputs ADC P USB ETHERNET RF Digital I/O

22 Basic features 4 analog inputs, 12 bits minimum 4 digital I/O Generate files for graphic display (ASCII?) Graphic user interface with basic functions More sophisticated application-specific display can be developed (JAVA, LabView?) Inexpensive (~ $150 - $300)

23 A SIMPLER SOLUTION PC Data Acquisition System Analog signals DATA ACQUISITION BOARD USB Digital I/O

24 PC Data Acquisition System Digital signals Sensors with digital outputs DATA ACQUISITION BOARD USB Digital I/O