Customer engagement for integrating PV in the LV Grid

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Jocelin Anderson
5 years ago
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1 Customer engagement for integrating PV in the LV Grid Results of the Grid4EU French Demo Patrick LESBROS (EDF) Christophe LEBOSSE (ERDF) EUW Vienna, November 3 rd, 2015

a new role within the grid: prosumer Main figures 5 years project Consortium 30 M budget 300 participating customers fg 1.

2 NICE GRID is a smart grid demonstrator aiming at integrating PV within the low voltage grid 4 Use Cases Optimize massive PV integration in the distribution grid Test islanding on a low voltage district Test a 3,5 MW load schedding Give the customer a new role within the grid: prosumer Main figures 5 years project Consortium 30 M budget 300 participating customers fg 1.3 MW grid storage 5 hours islanding 2.5 MWp PV capacity fg Funded by European Commission fg ADEME (French environmental agency)

3 NICE GRID aims at solving PV grid constraints on the LV grid Summer on sunny days : massive PV integration within the low voltage grid 2.5 MW p PV in Carros Current and voltage constraints Flexibilities involved 3 grid storage assets Residential flexibilities Current constraints MV/LV I summer U 253 V Voltage constraints Voltage profile on a sunny day at 2 PM 230 V 207 V Distance to secondary substation (m)

4 Agenda PV integration : offers and results of clients experimentations Results and effects on the LV Grid 4

5 Three summer offers to consume electricity during high PV generation time Smart meter Linky Smart meter Linky Smart meter Linky + + Electrical water heater + + PV panels All electrical appliances SOLAR BONUS (SBO) SMART WATER TANK (SWT) SMART STORAGE (SST) + - 4Wh lithium ion battery Extra off peak hours between 12 AM and 4 PM SMS warning Water heater switched on between 12 AM and 4 PM Extra off peak hours accordingly SMS waring Remotely controled battery SMS warning Extra off peak hours Source: EDF 5

6 Contribute to a better collective energy management and sparing money 70 participants for summer experimentations in 7 solar districts (out of 450): 21% of requested clients Participation to solar bonus and smart water tank are motivated by: a better collective energy management financial rewarding Positive feedback of the experimentation, local and collective aspects appreciated With solar hour = off-peak hour, the reward on the electricity bill is low Participants wishing to have a higher financial rewarding Source: EDF 6

7 0:00 0:50 1:40 2:30 3:20 4:10 5:00 5:50 6:40 7:30 8:20 9:10 10:00 10:50 11:40 12:30 13:20 14:10 15:00 15:50 16:40 17:30 18:20 19:10 20:00 20:50 21:40 22:30 23:20 Watt Solar bonus allowed for consuming 20% more when PV generation is high Average load curve on a solar day for 36 clients with solar bonus offer considered from June 1 st 2015 to July 31 st 2015 (W) % more consumption between 12 AM and 4 PM compared to a reference day (0.6 kwh) results was 12% (0.4 kwh) Waiting for value for the grid Solar day Jours sans sollicitation hors dimanches et jours fériés Reference day (weekend and holidays excluded) Jours de sollicitation Source: EDF R&D 7

8 0:00 0:50 1:40 2:30 3:20 4:10 5:00 5:50 6:40 7:30 8:20 9:10 10:00 10:50 11:40 12:30 13:20 14:10 15:00 15:50 16:40 17:30 18:20 19:10 20:00 20:50 21:40 22:30 23:20 Watt The smart water tank offer allows for consuming 56% more when PV generation is high Average load curve on a solar day for 18 clients with smart water tank (cascade version) considered from June 1 st 2015 to July 31 st 2015 (W) Smart water tank is switched on in cascade : at 12:00, 13:00, 14:00 and 15:00 for 1 to 4 hours Overconsumption of 56% compared to a reference day (2,4 kwh) result was 57% (2,4 kwh) Solar bonus is also present Waiting for value for the grid Jours Solar de day sollicitation (19,20,24/06 : and et 24/06 1,24,25,31/07/2015 ; 01, 25 et Reference Jours sans sollicitation day (weekend hors dimanches and holidays et jours fériés excluded) Source: EDF R&D 8

9 Agenda PV integration : offers and results of clients experimentations Results and effects on the LV Grid 9

10 Results on the LV network 2/3 x + 1/3 x = +300W x 4h With an average of +300W of consumption per household (~ namely +33% of consumption) during 4 hours (12 a.m. to 4 p.m.) 15% of customers engaged 90% of residential customers have single-phase connection It makes only +5% more consumption due to individual customer participation in the solar district It is not enough to measure a significant effect on the LV network The control of voltage and current symmetrically on the three phases of the LV grid is a real issue 10

11 LV unbalanced phases Real example of voltage profile on LV Grid It make no sense to request distributed flexibilities for an unbalanced LV network Only the flexibilities which are closed to the voltage peak can affect the voltage profile 11

12 Scalability on LV network Two scenarios have been tested for our Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) : 1) Shift the consumption of the solar district householders towards the afternoon District Pesquiers : total load curves but it doesn t solve the problem of unbalanced phases 12

13 Scalability on LV network 2) Reduce the injection of residential PV generation on the grid (self consumption or electric storage ) District Pesquiers : total load curves this consumption at the source solves the problem of unbalanced phases (because generation and consumption are on the same phase) 13

14 Which participation of householders? When using the household flexibility, the effect is much better on the LV Grid when you activate prosumers (producer + consumer) rather than neighbors (it adresses the phase issue) The percentage of prosumers involved depends on the network you want to help From 0% when the network is short and robust To 100% when the network is long and weak We have tested different solar districts where we simulated a PV penetration of 44% among residential customers in 2030 and used the average summer load curves measured in the demo: the participation of 100% of the prosumers always alleviated the LV constraints and solved them completely in 60% of the cases 14

15 Conclusions for the LV network (1/2) The secondary substation (around 100 customers) is too small for PV optimisation with household flexibilities aim a primary substation or a HV/MV transformer area (~ 5000 customers) If you cannot involve only the producers, recruit more than 50% of customers to obtain significant effect on the network The balance of the 3 phases is a real drawback for LV control with single phase load and generation on the same network Develop the prosumer concept with a local control of the injection at any time (i.e. when the householder is on holiday in summer, for example) The PV management use case needs only Linky meter infrastructure, no additional device is necessary for the two offers (solar bonus or hot water tank activation) 15

16 Conclusions for the LV network (2/2) The customer flexibilities are variable, in summer and in winter. The DSO must control the voltage 24h/24 within the contractual limits What is the alternative plan for the day when the flexibilities are not available? 16

17 Thank you for your attention More information on

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