In Wheel Motors and their Value Propositions in the Automotive Industry

Transcription

1 In Wheel Motors and their Value Propositions in the Automotive Industry Dr Richard Ford Vehicle Engineering and Controls Manager 12 th September 2018

2 Contents ProteanDrive overview Approximate cost comparison Value added by ProteanDrive Overall picture 2

3 ProteanDrive overview with demo cars 3

4 Basic powertrain comparison System Element %age Cost in BMW i3* Item BMW i3 Quantity* 2x PD18 Quantity Inverter 47% Inverter Rating 650V/100%A 650V/150%A Control Electronics 1 2 Mass 100%kg 20%kg Motor 35% Steel Laminations 100% kg 100% kg Copper Wire 100% kg 125% kg RE Magnets 100% kg 240% kg Housings (mostly Al) 100% kg 169% kg Gear & Differential 12% Gear & Differential 23 kg None Half Shafts & CVJ s 6% Half Shafts & CVJ s 12 kg None Other 3kg 10kg $XXXX 4

5 Value added by ProteanDrive technology 1. Mass 2. Efficiency 3. Packaging + design freedom 4. Drivetrain dynamics 5. Looking further ahead 5

6 Disclaimer The financial value attributed to technical functions below are based on a set of assumptions. Different sets of assumptions could be equally valid and might result in significantly different conclusions. The actual value is what the customer will pay and will depend on OEM, geographical region, vehicle segment, maturity etc. If you believe you can help us with more suitable numbers please get in touch! 6

7 Mass 30kg lighter Value $100 Value calculation 30kg becomes 1% reduction in vehicle consumption over NEDC for i3. Could be traded for 1% of battery mass. 7

8 Efficiency measured data 2*PD18 vs i3 2500N PD18 less efficient in this area. Lower speed requires higher torque (current) so more switching and copper losses. Technology improvements (eg. SiC) will reduce these losses. FCar 100kph vcar PD18 more efficient in this area due to transmission losses of i3. Delta here unlikely to change as transmission technology very mature Approximate path taken through NEDC for i N Efficiency gain depends on drivecycle and vehicle. For i3: NEDC 1% improvement USHwy 13% improvement Value $100 - $800 8

9 Maintenance The only moving components in ProteanDrive systems are the wheel bearing, seal surface and brake pads. Brake pads are consumable but bearing/seal will last for km under normal use. Value $200 - $1800 9

10 Packaging + design freedom move everything outboard Four more standing passengers in pod Value $50- $700 Traditional Skateboard emotor + gearbox+ power electronics occupy space between wheels Completely flat and low loadspace, NSEW egress Value $100-$600 Protean Skateboard emotor + power electronics in wheel envelope 10

11 Packaging + design freedom no sideshafts No sideshafts can mean: True 90deg steer potential (pure lateral movement possible for parking) Value $0-$2000 Suspension vertical range not constrained by CV joints better lowering (or raising) for easy ingress and loading. Common path for braking and accelerating load reaction. Simplified design process, modular design easy to replicate. No loads presented on interior of chassis, NVH improvement. No complexity due to design for minimised torque steer. Value $20 Value $20- $500 No sideshafts 11

12 Drivetrain dynamics improvement Smoothness/responsiveness Demanded torque is applied at wheel. No sideshafts involved which require torque filters or active damping control. Referred inertia is lower Zero backlash Value $50 -$500 12

13 Individual wheel motor control Steering response gentry normal sport Same vehicle with Torque vectoring = half steering angle for same yaw rate SteerAngle (deg) Baseline Torque vector Nb. Could be manual, or could be automatic eg: Sensitivity with speed Sensitivity with steer angle Different driving characteristic per equipment level More sensitive if braking hard? Value $0 -$200 YawRate (deg/s)

14 Individual Wheel Motor Control Low speed agility We have demonstrated >10% reduction in turning circle with torque vectoring Value $20- $200 14

15 Drivetrain 2 Individual wheel torque control ABS/TC/ESP Rapid response (90% of torque demand in 2ms, directly at contact patch) means that ABS/TC/ESP systems can all be improved. Estimates of benefit are around 7 10% No other system can achieve this. Value $0 - $600 Ref: Toyota 2010 AVEC 15

16 Looking further ahead ProteanDrive has rugged power electronics within the wheel space. We have power and pcb real estate, how could you use this? Electromechanical brake systems (corner) Steer by wire actuators Condition monitoring systems V2X data Vibration monitoring Tyre condition monitoring Street condition mapping Hazard warning Value $10 - $380 Value $100 - $

17 Overall the picture depends on the vehicle Cheapest possible EV High perf. C Segment Luxury SUV Autonomous pod Efficiency $100 $400 $800 $800 Maintenance $100 $200 $400 $1800 Extra space $0 $100 $500 $1300 No sideshafts $0 $100 $500 $2000 No jerk $0 $200 $500 $200 Improved yaw control $0 $500 $700 $200 ABS/TC/ESP $0 $300 $600 $200 future $100 $100 $200 $1900 Total Added Value $300 $1900 $4200 $7400 These numbers are for illustration only. We make no claims as to their validity. Do not make any financial commitment based on this data! 17

18 Summary A ProteanDrive IWM solution is more expensive than an equivalent eaxle due to fundamental differences present in the 2*IWM vs 1*central motor configuration. An IWM solution offers many advantages at a vehicle level. The value of these is very vehicle specific. If these benefits are taken into account then an IWM solution becomes very attractive for certain market segments. The numbers presented have a large degree of uncertainty associated with them but are believed to be ballpark correct. Please come and talk to us on the stand to find out more. 18

19 Thank you Dr Richard Ford Vehicle Engineering and Controls Manager

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