ABB in Ludvika, Sweden. High Voltage Valley

Transcription

1 Michael Holmgren & Håkan Åkesson, ABB Sweden CIGRE colloquium Sarajevo May 2012 ABB in Ludvika, Sweden. High Voltage Valley May 9, 2012 Slide 1

2 High Voltage Valley High power laboratory STRI & unique large climate chamber Uven ultra high voltage & DC test facility MV & HV Capacitors Power Transformers High voltage laboratory Blue = production units Yellow = test facilities Circuit Breaker Instrument Transformers Surge Arresters Power Systems & HVDC May 9, 2012 Slide 2

3 High Voltage Valley

4 This is our history ABB Experience from High Voltage Valley

5 This is our history ABB Experience from High Voltage Valley

6 Global focused factories World class product performance

7 Michael Holmgren, & Håkan Åkesson ABB Sweden CIGRE colloquium Sarajevo May 2012 ABB in Ludvika, Sweden. Surge Arresters and power quality May 9, 2012 Slide 7

8 Overvoltages can cause severe problems Introduction Power transformer on fire SURGE ARRESTERS May 9, 2012 Slide 8 Surge Arresters are needed to protect other equipment in a substation against overvoltages above the withstand levels of the equipment Surge arresters are the first line of protection against overvoltages

9 Voltage grading Corona ring Grading rings Grading rings are included in the arrester design and they are not accessories that can be left out. May 9, 2012 Slide 9

10 Voltage grading Without grading rings With grading rings Voltage distribution along ZnO block stack is determined by self capacitance & stray capacitances ZnO block acts as a capacitor at Uc Insufficient self capacitance leads to nonlinear stresses Hot-spots Reduced energy capability Long-term deterioration Dimensions and placement of grading ring(s) are crucial to achieve positive effects SURGE ARRESTERS Grading rings - conclusion: Minimizes ageing effects due to even voltage distribution Increased energy capability due to even temperature distribution. May 9, 2012 Slide 10

11 Product portfolio Design Products High voltage AIS 44 kv 1200 kv EXLIM, PEXLIM, HS PEXLIM Line surge arresters 44 kv 800 kv PEXLINK HVDC & High energy applications EXLIM, PEXLIM, MXE SURGE ARRESTERS May 9, 2012 Slide 11

12 ABB Design concepts Design Products EXLIM Porcelain PEXLIM Silicone Loop design HS PEXLIM Silicone Tube design May 9, 2012 Slide 12

13 Porcelain-housed Surge Arresters EXLIM Design Products Arresters with lower or higher rated voltages may be available on request for special applications Description EXLIM R EXLIM Q EXLIM P EXLIM T System voltages kv kv kv kv Rated voltages kv kv kv kv Nominal discharge current 10 ka 10 ka 20 ka 20 ka Line discharge class Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 May 9, 2012 Slide 13

14 PEXLIM Silicone-housed arresters Design Products Superior where low weight, reduced clearances, flexible mounting, non-fragility and additional personnel safety is required. Arresters with lower or higher rated voltages may be available on request for special applications Description PEXLIM R PEXLIM Q PEXLIM P System voltages kv kv kv Rated voltages kv kv kv Nominal discharge current 10 ka 10 ka 20 ka Line discharge class Class 2 Class 3 Class 4

15 Safe open-cage design Design Products No pressure relief device is needed ABB s patended belt-winding ensures safe short-circuit behaviour under all circumstances Successfully tested according to short-circuit tests in latest edition of IEC No collapse after short-circuit Self extinguish within 2 minutes Benefits: Best safety for personnel Best safety for other equipment Mechanically intact after short-circuit May 9, 2012 Slide 15

16 Short-circuit safety Solid design after short-circuit tests Design Products With belt-winding (ABB design) Without belt-winding (non ABB design) Belt-winding is needed on long arrester unit modules Keep the internal components in place under all circumstances May 9, 2012 Slide 16

17 Product overview Accessories Insulating base Necessary for current measurements (condition monitoring) ABB design Few parts means easy installation Epoxy resin Matched mechanical strength Metric or UNC threads Same drilling plan as arrester May 9, 2012 Slide 17

18 Short-circuit safety Surge counters are in the same circuit Accessories Counters exposed to same short-circuit currents as the arrester At present, no requirements in IEC for any form of testing or verification All ABB surge counters are short-circuit tested at 65 ka EXCOUNT-II after successful short-circuit test, 80 ka, 0.2 sec. Non-ABB design after short-circuit May 9, 2012 Slide 18

19 Monitoring the health of surge arresters Commonly used approach Limit maintenance to visual inspection and occasional cleaning of the housing Estimate condition based on service years only Detailed analysis Periodical checks can be performed with some special instruments developed by ABB Correctly chosen surge arresters from ABB are maintenance-free for their lifetime May 9, 2012 Slide 19

20 Service stresses Voltage External pollution Switching and lightning overvoltages U rw Temporary overvoltage Normal operating voltage U p U c t 1 Time May 9, 2012 Slide 20

21 Monitoring system EXCOUNT-II Continuous recording of surges in the network On-line monitoring of surge arrester condition Features Maintenance-free sensor housed in a weather-proof case Wireless transfer of measured data to a hand held transceiver Data management through a Windows software on your PC May 9, 2012 Slide 21

22 Monitoring system EXCOUNT-II More than just a counter... Records the amplitude of surges together with their date and time Measures the total leakage current and (optionally) resistive current through the arrester Includes PC-software for analysis and reporting of the collected information May 9, 2012 Slide 22

23 Monitoring system Sensor Each arrester is fitted with a sensor with a unique identity Surge data is stored in the sensor s memory Assured power supply using solar cell, field probe and super capacitor Data can be read when convenient with the aid of the hand-held transceiver May 9, 2012 Slide 23

24 Monitoring system Transceiver Can communicate with sensors within a distance of maximum 60 m Measured data can be transferred to a computer for statistical analysis Powered by a standard 9 Volt battery May 9, 2012 Slide 24

25 Background to Monitoring systems - Electric representation of MO varistors I t : Total leakage current I c U I t I r I c : Capacitive current I r : Resistive current U : Voltage ma ma May 9, 2012 Slide 25

26 Background to Monitoring systems Typical leakage current Voltage (kv) +200 du/dt = 0 Voltage Leakage current (ma) Resistive current Total leakage current May 9, 2012 Slide 26

27 Background to Monitoring systems Harmonic content 3 5 % < 1 % May 9, 2012 Slide 27

28 Background to Monitoring systems Resistive current measurement Field probe k = basic ratio of the resistive current to the third harmonic current, at 20 C and U/Ur = 0.7 p.u. Zero-flux current transformer I 3t : The total current is measured by means of the zero-flux current transformer. Surface leakage current is filtered out. I r k I 3r k I 3t I 3c I 3c : Indirect determination by measurement of the induced current I p in the field probe. Three-phase installation: I r I1 t k ( I 3t 0.75 I 3 I 1p p ) May 9, 2012 Slide 28

29 Michael Holmgren, & Håkan Åkesson ABB Sweden CIGRE colloquium Sarajevo May 2012 ABB Examples of ABB installations of Line Surge Arresters May 9, 2012 Slide 29

30 LSA 400 kv Finland Russia LSA hung on the conductors close to the towers Hardware selected from standard, readily available equipment Easily installed by hand with the aid of rope winches and internal combustion engine drive

31 LSA - Monitoring Of interest to monitor surges through individual LSA Sensor fitted to each LSA Remote communication (transceiver + antenna) Statistical analysis (software)

32 Criteria for implementation of LSA (ESKOM) Locate towers with high footing resistance and/or areas with high lightning density. Line continuously experiences trips during lightning storms Tower footing improvement on affected towers done. Next lightning season verify wheter the solution was effective or not No LSA study required, recommending the type, rating and number of LSA to be utilized Yes Do nothing Process ends Equip affected towers according to the supplier s recommendations.

33 Protection philosophy against backflashover Determine where to install LSA Critical area Locate areas with high footing resistance Low < 25 ohm 1 High > 50 ohm 1 Very High >200 ohm 1 Hilly terrain Location with high lightning density System studies Note: Resistance values above are from a specific case.

34 Eskom 275 kv Transmission Lines with LSA Line name (275 kv) Line length (km) Installation date Units installed Performance (Faults/100km/year Before After Eiger-Prospect / Eiger-Fordsburg / Glockner-Olympus N/A 6.97 Taunus-Princess / Esselen-Pelly / Bighorn-Pluto Hera-Watershed Source: Cigré 5th Southern Africa Regional Conference, October 2005 Conclusion: Even with limited number of towers protected, the outage rate for the complete transmission line is greatly improved.

35 Michael Holmgren & Håkan Åkesson ABB Sweden CIGRE Colloquium Sarajevo May 2012 ABB Ludvika - High Voltage Valley Briefing over AIS solutions & compensation May 9, 2012 Slide 35

36 ABB in Ludvika The High Voltage Valley A power transmission center for more than 100 years 2500 employees Independent laboratories with latest technology Your one-stop source for high voltage products ABB in Ludvika is a leader in power transmission technologies that enable our customers to improve their performance while lowering environmental impact. May 9, 2012 Slide 36

37 SURGE ARRESTERS - EXLIM Porcelain-housed arresters Design Products In-hose production of ZnO blocks Arresters with lower or higher rated voltages may be available on request for special applications Description EXLIM R EXLIM Q EXLIM P EXLIM T System voltages kv kv kv kv Rated voltages kv kv kv kv Nominal discharge current 10 ka 10 ka 20 ka 20 ka Line discharge class Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 May 9, 2012 Slide 37

38 SURGE ARRESTERS - PEXLIM Silicone-housed arresters Design Products Superior where low weight, reduced clearances, flexible mounting, non-fragility and additional personnel safety is required. In-hose production of ZnO blocks Arresters with lower or higher rated voltages may be available on request for special applications Description PEXLIM R PEXLIM Q PEXLIM P System voltages kv kv kv Rated voltages kv kv kv Nominal discharge current 10 ka 10 ka 20 ka Line discharge class Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 May 9, 2012 Slide 38

39 Reliable Instrument Transformers up to 800 kv IMB CT up to 800 kv CPB CVT up to 800 kv EMF VT up to 170 kv Our transformers are installed in all climates all over the world IMB is the most sold current transformer in the world. More than units delivered. CP.., more than units delivered EMF, more than units delivered IMB CPB EMF May 9, 2012 Slide 39

40 CPB Portfolio kv CPB 145 CPB 170 CPB 245 CPB 420 May 9, 2012 Slide 40

41 Circuit breaker development Air Blast Oil Minimum SF 6 Gas 100 years experience with HV Circuit Breakers, ABB a leader each step of the way! Savings and reliability! The latest innovation, Disconnecting Circuit Breaker, DCB May 9, 2012 Slide 41

42 This is our history and leading into our future Innovative Combined units

43 Brief introduction to capacitors and compensation Locations of compensation in the network Generation Transmission Reactive Power Compensation at all voltage levels Industry & Household Distribution May 9, 2012 Slide 43

44 Product range, kv A complete program with complete support HV and MV capacitors Shunt capacitors Filter capacitors Systems Shunt compensations Enclosed shunt applications Filter applications Railway applications HVDC Series Compensation - SC Static VAR Compensation - SVC May 9, 2012 Slide 44

45 ABB s capacitors are used all over the world Example of references ESKOM, South Africa TNB, Malaysia KEPCO, Korea EGAT, Thailand Vattenfall, Sweden Statnett, Norway Electrabel, Belgium PG&E, USA Furnas, Brazil Transener, Argentina CPG, China RTE, France May 9, 2012 Slide 45

46 May 9, 2012 Slide 46