A Smart Prepaid Energy Meter System with GSM Technology

Transcription

1 A Smart Prepaid Energy Meter System with GSM Technology Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve SPPU, ENTC Department, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Pune, India. Abstract-Nowadays, the difference between the Electricity production and consumption has increased, because of its large scale usage and consumption. This has lead to the need of tracking the usage by the consumers. Conventional Energy meters are not consumer friendly. To make it consumer friendly, this paper proposes the smart energy meter with continuous monitoring of the energy consumption. The energy consumption and electricity bill will be conveyed through GSM module to the electricity department as well as to the customer. The customer will be able to tailor his needs accordingly. Also an alert message will be send to the customer when the consumption unit reaches beyond the threshold. In this paper, energy consumption details will be given in terms of power units. These power units will be displayed on the LCD and will be sent to the customer and customer will also be able to recharge with the help of PIC microcontroller and GSM module. Keywords - PIC micro-controller, Energy meter, LCD display, Buzzer, GSM module. I. Introduction In recent years, the demand for electricity consumption has increased in households with the use of different devices. This has made anxious to many developed and developing nations about the demand in immediate increase of electricity. At the present time, the consumption and distribution of energy has become a issue of concern because of large difference in production and consumption of energy. It is the need of the hour that the consumers should track their daily power usage in their houses. In India, we suffer from scarcity of energy resources during the day. So, it is the responsibility of human to conserve and control these resources. Many times consumers face so many problems due to the frequent power failures. Also, the other important reason for power cut off is due to the unlimited energy usage of rich people. In this aspect, to reduce the power cuts and to dispense the energy equivalently to all areas, some limits should be put up on the power consumption of each and every energy consumer. Thus we are trying to present an idea towards a Smart Prepaid Metering of data for dispensing the electricity smartly for efficient management of power usage. The main snag of earlier used traditional meters is that they do not provide data to the consumers, which is achieved with the help of Smart Meter. A Smart Prepaid Meter aids consumer to have the knowledge of power consumption for the usage of devices in their respective houses. In this proposed system, the consumer will get his energy consumption data on real time basis. [6,4] In this section we have provided brief idea of the proposed prepaid energy meter system. Further sections will provide us with details of recent papers based on energy meter, physical layout of the system, block diagram with connection flow of the system, outcomes as observed and conclusion and future scope. II. Literature Survey on Smart Prepaid Meter In traditional electricity billing a meter reader goes from home to home to get the readings and write down it, manually. These readings are brought to Electricity administration office. As per the standards, utility billing is applied on the numbers of units consumed. The employee of the utility goes from home to home again and gives the bill slips of the utility to the every consumer. There are many flaws in traditional billing system. Some human error may also occur in manual billing.analysing the traditional billing some of the common observed errors and flaws are: It is a time consuming procedure. There is a possibility of human error and flaws while taking the manual meter reading. 116 Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve

2 There is no procedure for balanced verification of meter reading. There is always a possibility of theft and corruption. Consumer may not get the bill slip within the due date. As traditional billing contains wastage of time and resources as well, in auto billing system there is no more need of the manual meter readings and bill slips.home energy management system(hems) that we developed takes plain energy management mechanism, so that it can be realized more easily. It needs user's minimal decision and activity for correct judgment. It also uses Automatic Meter Reading (AMR)network based on power line communication (PLC).In order to share information with customer ZigBee module is also used. A ZigBee advance metering infrastructure is a present one for automatic meter data collection and energy auditing and management. In the ZAMI, the system works with multiple channels and frequency hopping and coexists with potential interferers. In this method if any tariff variation is present then, the new tariff rate will be changed only through reprogramming the microcontroller otherwise the previous tariff rate will be displayed on the LCD display. This may cause errors in billing. No intimations are given by the electricity board to the customer regarding the status of energy consumption. There is no information about the previous month's consumption and the amount of bill paid. We are going to focus about these draw backs and overcome in our paper. Also there is limit for transmission distances to meters line-of-sight of ZigBee. [5, 3] III. Smart Prepaid Energy Meter Proposed System This chapter explains about the physical layout of the prepaid energy meter system. The physical layout gives a brief idea of the system as appearing for the consumer. Fig 3.1 Physical Layout of smart prepaid energy meter system. The micro-controller will continuously monitor the meter reading and will inform customer about units consumed through GSM module. Customer can tailor his need accordingly. Microcontroller will inform both the customer about the total units available for the customer usage and Electricity office about the amount of the recharge done by the user in order to keep the track of usage of the customer through GSM. 117 Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve

3 In the next section we will see the detailed working of the energy meter system along with the connection diagram. IV. Detail Design of Smart Prepaid Energy Meter System The methodology is explained as follows: The proposed system consists of an Energy Meter which is connected to the micro-controller through an optoisolator IC which provides isolation between Energy Meter and micro-controller. A load is connected to the meter through a relay which is controlled by micro-controller. In the proposed system fixed electricity units will be assigned to user at the time of installation of the system. The micro-controller memory will be used for storing the electricity units. Further as per the consumption of the electricity the fare units will be deducted from the fixed electricity units assigned at the time of installation and will be displayed continuously on LCD Display to the user. The Threshold value will be set for unit's consumption so that user will be notified when electricity usage crosses that particular threshold. The notification is given to the user by Buzzer indication, on LCD Display and a message will be sent to the user's phone about low electricity unit balance through GSM module connected to controller. After the low balance indication user can recharge to have usage benefits according to his requirement. For recharge purpose,users just need to send a code message to the GSM module interfaced to the proposed system. If the user do not recharge and the units available gets used, the power will be cut down through relay by microcontroller and an alert message will be also send to user using GSM module. The figure 4.1 below explains the methodology of prepaid energy meter and different blocks present in it. Fig 4.1 Block diagram of smart prepaid energy meter system. V. Results of Smart Prepaid Energy Meter System In the fig 5.1 shown is the system with complete connections and power supply ON with load consuming the power. The user will be provided with an alert message on his registered mobile number whenever his energy consumption goes below the threshold value. This threshold value is decided by electricity department. In the fig 5.2 we can see that the user is provided with a message to indicate that his energy consumption is below threshold. 118 Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve

4 Fig 5.1 System with connections Fig 5.2 Balance low indication to user through message The user can recharge his system by simply sending a short message service of the units of power has per his requirement. Also the user will be provided with a message indication to inform him about successful recharge. This is illustrated in fig 5.3. in order to keep the track of every users usage consumption the electricity department will also get a message regarding the user recharge and this is shown in fig 5.4. In case the user does not recharge his system then the power to the load will be cut-off after consumption of all his allocated energy units and this is shown in fig 5.5. Fig 5.3 Successful recharge indication to user Fig 5.4 Indication to electricity department of user s recharge Fig 5.5 Power cut-off after usage of user s energy units. 119 Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve

5 IX. Conclusion and Future Scope A consumer friendly and cost effective smart prepaid energy meter is designed which provides with advantages like reduction in energy consumption. Also transparency between the electricity department and the users is provided which helps the consumer to monitor his usage. Not only for the consumers but this system is advantageous to the electricity department by helping them in reducing the labour cost and providing high efficiency. The above proposed smart prepaid energy meter system could further be improved by designing an IOT based centralized web server where the electricity department as well as users can check the status of power usage allowance and consumption remotely. Also an android based application could be designed where the user can securely have access to his database. References [1] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Rolin McKinlay, Danny Causey PIC Micro-controller and Embedded Systems: Using assembly and C for PIC 18, [2] Zahid Iqbal Rana, Muhammad Waseem, Tahir Mahmood Automatic Energy Meter Reading using Smart Energy Meter, ICEET- March2014. [3] M.Leelavathi, K.Aswini, 2015 Smart Energy meter with reading indication using GSM, IRJET Volume: 02 Issue: 02 May [4] number-features-together-with-onsite-display-to-the-user. [5] [6] [7] GSM/GPRS RS232 Modem - User Manual. 120 Sharada N. Ohatkar, Tejashree Tarade, Sonali Thigale, Siddhi Surve