The European Commission s science and knowledge service. Joint Research Centre

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1 The European Commission s science and knowledge service Joint Research Centre

2 Logistiek010 - Innovatie en inspiratie Battery research, innovation and competitiveness ~ Opportunities for Europe and The Netherlands ~ Lois Boon-Brett European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Petten, NL Bijeenkomst Logistiek010 - Innovatie en inspiratie 12 th April 2018, Rotterdam

3 Content EC Joint Research Centre JRC Battery testing facilities in Petten Batteries on European political agenda Growth in battery demand and opportunities Challenges to overcome Role of battery R&I SET-Plan Action 7 Battery-related innovation in Nederland

4 Panorama of the European Union European Court of Auditors European Parliament The Council of the European Union The Committee of the Regions Court of Justice European Commission (28 Commission members) Economic and Social Committee Commissioner Commissioner Commissioner Tibor Navracsics Commissioner ENV MOVE GROW ENER RTD JRC CLIMA Dir-B ETC Dir-D Dir-E Dir-F Dir-G

5 DG JRC - Directorate for Energy, Transport and Climate

6 JRC Battery testing facilities in Petten Battery Energy Storage Testing for Safe Electrification of Transport Battery cell/material performance testing Battery cell abuse facilities Battery pack performance testing

7 Cell performance testing facilities Battery Energy Storage Testing for Safe Electrification of Transport

8 Batteries currently high on political agenda..why?

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10 Growth in battery use From CAGR NiCd: -6% per year NiMH: + 5% per year Li-ion: +15% per year => Electric vehicles/ e-mobility LIB 2015 ~ 60 GWh 2020 ~ 140 GWh 2025 ~ 215 GWh Data from The Worldwide Rechargeable Battery Market , Avicenne Energy

11 Growth in different applications => Electric vehicles/ e-mobility Steen M., Lebedeva N., Di Persio F., Boon-Brett L., EU Competitiveness in Advanced Li-ion Batteries for E-Mobility and Stationary Storage Applications Opportunities and Actions, European Commission, Petten, 2017, JRC108043

12 What are the challenges? Lebedeva N., Di Persio F., Boon-Brett L., Lithium ion battery value chain and related opportunities for Europe, European Commission, Petten, 2016, JRC105010

13 Where are LIBs produced? From CAGR NiCd: -6% per year NiMH: + 5% per year Li-ion: +15% per year Data from The Worldwide rechargeable Battery Market , Avicenne Energy

14 Batteries in the political spotlight Vice-President for Energy Union Maroš Šefčovic following the high-level meeting on battery development and production in Europe - Brussels, 11 October The lack of a domestic, European cell manufacturing base jeopardises the position of EU industrial customers because of the security of the supply chain, increased costs due to transportation, time delays, weaker quality control or limitations on the design..we need to act fast - and collectively - to overcome this competitive disadvantage and capitalise on our leadership in many sectors of the battery value chain, from materials to system integration and recycling.. The work starts immediately including on the supply chain, investment financing and engineering, trade issues, research and innovation, and others.

15 Research and innovation SET Plan Strategic Energy Technology (SET) Plan Research and innovation pillar of the EU's energy and climate policy Helps to coordinate low-carbon research and innovation efforts in EU Member States and associated countries (Iceland, Norway, Switzerland and Turkey) by stimulating joint activities among EU countries, industries and research institutions. Helps structuring and aligning European and national research programmes and triggers substantial investments on common priorities in low-carbon technologies

16 Integrated SET-Plan [C(2015) 6317] - 10 actions 9. Carbon capture, storage & utilisation 10. Nuclear safety - Framework for strengthening cooperation in R&I to bring new, efficient, low-carbon technologies faster to the market in a cost-competitive way - Identifies 10 R&I Key actions based on importance for the EU energy transformation and potential to create growth/jobs => ACTION 7 ~ Become competitive in the global battery sector to drive e-mobility and energy storage forward

17 Batteries Action 7 TWG Temporary Working Group (TWG) led by industry, research and MS Identified the R&I activities needed to reach the agreed ambitious battery targets* for Europe to "become competitive". *

18 R&I Activities identified by TWG Focus Area 1: Material/Chemistry/Design+ Recycling 1.1 Advanced Lithium-Ion batteries for e-mobility 1.2 Influence of Fast/Hyper charging of Li ion batteries on materials and battery degradation 1.3 Advancement of batteries for stationary energy storage (ESS) 1.4 Beyond Li-ion / Li-based batteries for e-mobility 1.5 Develop circular economy and de-bottleneck availability of critical raw materials 1.6 Lithium recovery from European geothermal brines and sustainable beneficiation processes for indigenous hard rock occurrences of lithium Focus Area 2: Manufacturing 2.1 Foster development of materials processing techniques and components for fast industrialization compatible with present mass production lines 2.2 Foster development of cell and battery manufacturing equipment Focus Area 3: Application and Integration 3.1 Hybridisation of battery systems for stationary energy storage (ESS) 3.2 Second use and smart integration into the grid FLAGSHIPS Considered the minimum necessary for achieving the targets agreed in 2016 Serve as input to the R&I dimension of the EU Battery Alliance

19 Battery innovation in Nederland.(selection) Pampus island ( - second use of batteries for independent electricity grid Peter Ursem ( - car dealer that sells cells taken from end of life EV battery packs for second use Van Peperzeel ( battery recycler ARN ( recycling expert in automotive field TU Delft (in TWG), TU Eindhoven, TNO, "EC tackles barriers to innovation: the second Innovation Deal focuses on batteries for electric vehicles" - 12 March Dutch "Green Deal Approach

20 .more can and needs to be done in EU

21 Summary Global market for LIBs in xev and ES applications is huge with xevs representing the largest market for LIBs in the near future. Absence of an EU LIB cell manufacturing base negatively affects competitiveness of European xev producers/es service providers. A competitive EU LIB cell production should offer added value beyond cost, in terms of enhanced sustainability, safety and performance. The European Battery Appliance focuses political drive to promote EU competitiveness in global battery sector. Sustained/increased R&I over whole value chain is essential to underpin development & manufacturing of added value European batteries. Opportunities for research and innovation in the battery sector are ripe in the current political environment.

22 Thank you for your attention Any questions? Movie EU Science Hub: ec.europa.eu/jrc Facebook: EU Science Hub - Joint Research Centre Interactive tool LinkedIn: Joint Research Centre YouTube: EU Science Hub lois.brett@ec.europa.eu